Kunezindawo okufanele uzibone okungenani kanye empilweni yakho, kanye ne- IRoma Coliseum Ingenye yazo. Umsebenzi wokwakha osekumile cishe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili futhi onomlando obanzi futhi othakazelisayo, okhonjiswe kumafilimu amaningi nakumadokhumentari, ngakho-ke ngeke kube ngumuntu ongaziwa. Kodwa-ke, impela kunezinto eziningi obungazi ngazo ngaletshe lesikhumbuzo lase-Italy.
Le Colosseum, eyaziwa nangokuthi i- I-Amphitheatre yaseFlavian, ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-70 AD. C. ngaphansi kwegunya likaVespasiano, lalikuphi ichibi laseNerón. Kunemiqondo eminingi ngesizathu sokwakhiwa kwayo, futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi kungaba ngumsebenzi wokunqoba ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwamaRoma, kodwa futhi nokuthi bekufunwa ukubuyela eRoma indawo ebisetshenziswe nguNero uqobo ukwakha indawo yakhe yokuhlala, iDomus Aurea. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi imininingwane eyengeziwe ngeColosseum yamaRoma?
Umlando kanye nezifiso
Ukukhumbula wonke umlando weColosseum kungasithatha amahora, yize ngokuqinisekile kuyinto ethakazelisa kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kuqala ngama-70s kanye nama-72s d. C. negama laso lamanje livela ku UColossus kaNero, isithombe esiseduze nanamuhla asigcinwanga. Yayakhiwe kakhulu eDomus Aurea, igcwalisa iLake Nero ngesihlabathi. Kwaqedwa ngaphansi kokugunyazwa ngu-Emperor Titus, ngonyaka ka-80 AD Kuningi okuthakazelwayo maqondana naleli Colosseum, ngakho-ke sizozama ukuthola ezinye zazo.
Kule ndawo yaseColosseum bekukhona abantu abangu-12.000 80 abanemigqa engama-XNUMX yezitendi. Ukubaluleka kwababukeli kwakusukela ezansi kuye phezulu, abacebile nabanamandla kunabo bonke baseRoma ezansi, njengo-Emperor, senators, izimantshi noma abapristi. Ezingxenyeni ezingenhla kwakukhona amaRoma ampofu kakhulu, esimo esiphansi kakhulu senhlalo kunabanye. Ngaphakathi kwayo kwenziwa imibukiso eminingi, umuntu owaziwa kakhulu izimpi ze-gladiator. Kwakukhona nokulwa nezilwane, ukubulawa kwabantu, ukuphinda kwenziwe izimpi, imidlalo evela ezinganekwaneni zakudala noma ama-naumaquias, okuyimpi yasolwandle. Kukholakala ukuthi ekuqaleni kwayo ingxenye engezansi yayigcwaliswa ngamanzi ukwenza lezi zimpi.
Lokhu iColosseum yavulwa ngo-80 AD. C., futhi kwakuyinkundla yemidlalo enkulu kunazo zonke, ngomkhosi owathatha izinsuku eziyikhulu. Imidlalo yokugcina eyayikuyo yayizobanjwa ngekhulu lesi-100, ngale kosuku uMbuso WaseRoma obhekwa njengaphela ngalo. Kamuva, lesi sakhiwo sasetshenziswa kaningana, ngoba sasiyisiphephelo, ifektri nenkwali. Ekugcineni yasetshenziswa njengendawo engcwele yamaKristu, ngakho-ke yakwazi ukuzisindisa kuze kube namuhla, ngoba amatshe ayo amaningi ayesetshenziselwa ukwakha izakhiwo ezintsha edolobheni. Njengamanje ibuyisiwe kwezinye izingxenye futhi umpheme wamapulangwe owawuyisihlabathi awulondolozwanga, ngakho-ke ingxenye engezansi iyabonakala, kepha ngomunye wemisebenzi emikhulu yalombuso onyamalele.
Isakhiwo seColosseum
Isakhiwo sale nkundla yemidlalo sasiyintsha ngokuphelele, ngoba sasiyisona esikhulu kunazo zonke esake senziwa. Ngaphakathi babekhona isihlabathi kanye ne-hypogeum. Inkundla iyinkundla yokudlala, i-oval enepulatifomu yokhuni eyayimbozwe ngesihlabathi, lapho kwakubanjelwa khona imibukiso. Indawo ye-hypogeum ingumhlabathi ongaphansi onemihubhe nemigodi lapho ama-gladiator, abalahliwe nezilwane bebehlala khona baze baphumele enkundleni. Lendawo yayinohlelo olukhulu lwamanzi lokuhambisa amanzi, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ngemuva kwemibukiso yasolwandle yeNaumaquia. Indawo yeCávea yileyo yezitendi, enesikhulumi, lapho kubekwe khona abalingiswa abahle kakhulu.
Enye ingxenye emangazayo nanamuhla yizinto ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-vomitories, okuyizindawo zokuphuma lapho amaphaseji afinyelelwe khona ukuphuma eColosseum. Bavumele inani elikhulu labantu ukuba lihambe ngesikhathi esifushane, ukuze abantu abangaba ngu-50.000 XNUMX bakhishwe ngemizuzu engaba mihlanu. Izinkundla eziningi namuhla azikwazanga ukufanisa le misebenzi nokusebenza kwayo okuhle.
Endaweni engaphandle sithola i- olungaphambili lwesonto on phansi ezine ngaphezulu, ngamakholomu nemengamo, nendawo ephezulu evaliwe. Lokhu kunikeza i-amphitheatre ukubukeka okulula kakhulu. Ezingeni ngalinye ungabona isitayela esihlukile, into eyayivamile ezakhiweni eziningi zaleso sikhathi. Basebenzisa izitayela zaseTuscan, ze-Ionic nezaseKorinte, kanti phezulu bathi yi-compound.
Ukuvuka Ingenye ingxenye engasalondolozwanga, futhi ukuthi ingumbatho wendwangu owasatshalaliswa ukuvikela umphakathi elangeni. Kusetshenziswe izingongolo ezenziwe ngokhuni nangendwangu, ekuqaleni zazenziwe ngoseyili, futhi kamuva zenziwa ngelineni, okwakukhanya kakhulu. Kwakunamamaki angu-250 esewonke angasetshenziswa ngokwahlukana ukumboza izingxenye ezithile kuphela uma kunesidingo.
IColosseum namuhla
Namuhla, iColosseseum yaseRoma ingesinye sezivakashi ezinkulu kunazo zonke edolobheni lase-Italy. Ngo-1980 yamenyezelwa njenge-UNESCO njengeGugu Lomhlaba, kwathi ngoJulayi 2007 yathathwa njengeyodwa Izimangaliso Ezintsha Eziyisikhombisa Zomhlaba Wesimanje.
Njengamanje lokhu kukhangwa kuyakhokhelwa, futhi ukuze ukwazi ukukubona kungcono ukuba yinto yokuqala ekuseni ukuze ukwazi ukuthola ithikithi ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuvulwa ngo-8.30 ekuseni nsuku zonke kanti amathikithi abantu abadala abiza ama-euro ayi-12. Enye indlela yokuthola ithikithi ukusebenzisa i-Roma Pass, ikhadi lokuthola izephulelo ezindaweni ezehlukene ezikhangayo nasezikhumbuzweni ezisemadolobheni, futhi nokugwema ukuma kulayini.
Ngaphakathi kweColosseum ungathatha izinkambo eziqondisiwe, futhi esitezi esiphezulu kukhona imnyuziyamu enikezelwe kunkulunkulu wamaGrikhi u-Eros. Omunye wemicimbi ephathelene neColosseum udwendwe lwePapa's Way of the Cross ngoLwesihlanu Oluhle minyaka yonke.