Elinye lamakhadi eposi akudala kakhulu eTurkey yi-Blue Mosque edumile egqama kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nesibhakabhaka sase-Istanbul. Okumangalisayo, okuhle, okugobile, kunezichasiso eziningi kulo msebenzi wezakhiwo nezobuciko ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Uhambo oluya e-Istanbul ngeke luphele nganoma iyiphi indlela ngaphandle kokuvakashela lesi sakhiwo esibalulekile I-UNESCO ifake ohlwini lwayo Lwezindawo Zamagugu Omhlaba ngo-1985. Ukuze uthole ke the umlando weBlue Mosque e-Istanbul.
I-Mosque eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Igama layo elisemthethweni ngu I-Sultan Ahmed Mosque futhi yakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa (kusuka ku-1609 kuya ku-1616), ngaphansi kokubusa kuka Ahmed I. Kuyingxenye ye-complex, ejwayelekile okuyinkimbinkimbi, eyakhiwe yi-mosque kanye nokunye okuncikile okungaba yizindlu zokugezela, ikhishi, indawo yokubhaka nokunye.
Nali ithuna lika-Ahmed I uqobo, kukhona indawo yokunakekela abagulela ukufa kanye ne-a i-madrasah, isikhungo semfundo. Ukwakhiwa kwawo kwedlula elinye ithempeli lamaSulumane laseTurkey elidume kakhulu, likaHagia Sophia okuyikhona kwamakhelwane, kodwa ithini indaba yayo?
Okokuqala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uMbuso Wase-Ottoman uyazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani into yawo eYurophu nase-Asia. Ukuhlasela kwakhe izwekazi laseYurophu kuye kwahlukahluka futhi kusatshwa, ikakhulukazi ukungqubuzana kwakhe nobukhosi baseHabsburg.
Ngalo mqondo, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwalaba ababili kwaphela ngo-1606 ngokusayinwa kwe- ISitvatorok Peace Treaty, eHungary, nakuba namuhla indlunkulu yale nkampani isekhona eSlovakia.
Ukuthula kwasayinwa iminyaka engu-20 kanye nesivumelwano Isayinwe ngu-Archduke Matthias wase-Austria kanye noSultan Ahmed I. Impi yayilethe ukulahlekelwa okuningi okwanezelwa abanye empini nePheresiya, ngakho kuleyo nkathi entsha yokuthula i-sultan yanquma ukwakha i-mosque enkulu ukuze ivuselele amandla ase-Ottoman. I-mosque yombuso yayingakakhiwa okungenani iminyaka engamashumi amane, kodwa imali yayishoda.
Ama-mosque angaphambili akhiwe ngenzuzo yempi, kodwa u-Ahmed, owayengazange abe nokunqoba okukhulu kwempi, wathatha imali kumgcinimafa kazwelonke ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa okwakuphakathi kuka-1609 no-1616 kwakungekho ngaphandle kokugxekwa yizazi zezomthetho zamaSulumane. . Kungenzeka ukuthi abawuthandanga lo mbono noma babengamthandi u-Ahmed I.
Ukuze kwakhiwe, indawo lapho kwakumi khona isigodlo sababusi baseByzantium, nje phambi kwesonto likaHagia Sofia ngaleso sikhathi okwakuyi-mosque yobukhosi eyinhloko edolobheni, kanye ne-hippodrome, kokubili izakhiwo eziphawulekayo nezibalulekile e-Istanbul endala.
Injani iBlue Mosque? Inezindlu ezinhlanu, ama-minaret ayisithupha, nezinye eziyisishiyagalombili zesibili. Bangu izakhi ezithile zaseByzantine, amanye afana nalawo kaHagia Sofia, kodwa imigqa evamile ilandela umklamo wendabuko wamaSulumane, osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. USedefkâr Mehmed Aga wayengumakhi wayo futhi wayengumfundi omuhle kakhulu we-Master Sinan, induna yabadwebi bezakhiwo base-Ottoman kanye nonjiniyela womphakathi wamakhosi amaningana.
Umgomo wakhe wawuyithempeli elikhulu nelibabazekayo kakhulu. Futhi uyakufeza! Ingaphakathi le-mosque lihlotshiswe ngamathayili e-ceramic angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-20 wesitayela se-Iznik, idolobha lesifundazwe saseTurkey saseBursa, ngokomlando esaziwa ngokuthi iNicaea, ngezitayela ezingaphezu kuka-50 nezimfanelo ezihlukene: kukhona zendabuko, kukhona nezimbali, ama-cypresses, izithelo ... Amazinga aphezulu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ane amafasitela engilazi anemibala engaphezu kuka-200 ezivumela ukudlula kokukhanya kwemvelo. Lokhu kukhanya kuthola usizo kumakhanyisa angaphakathi futhi nawo abe namaqanda ezintshe ngaphakathi njengoba kwakunenkolelo yokuthi asaba izicabucabu.
Mayelana nomhlobiso kukhona amavesi e-quran eyenziwe ngomunye wabadwebi be-calligrapher abahamba phambili bangaleso sikhathi, uSeyyid Kasin Gubari, kanye phansi kunokhaphethi abanikelwe ngamakholwa ezishintshwayo njengoba ziguga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafasitela aphansi, angavulwa, futhi anemihlobiso emihle. I-semi-dome ngayinye yona inamafasitela amaningi, cishe angu-14, kodwa idome emaphakathi ingeza kufika ku-28. Muhle. Ingaphakathi linjalo, lihlaba umxhwele ngempela.
El mihrad kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi, eyenziwe ngemabula ecolekile, ezungezwe amafasitela nodonga oluseceleni olufakwe amathayili e-ceramic. Eduze kwayo kunepulpiti, lapho u-Imam emi khona enikeza intshumayelo. Kuleso sikhundla kubonakala kubo bonke abangaphakathi.
Kukhona futhi i-royal kiosk ekhoneni elilodwa, enesiteji kanye namagumbi amabili okubalekela ahlinzeka ngokungena etiyetha yasebukhosini noma u-Mahfil isekelwa amakholomu emabula engeziwe kanye ne-mihrab yayo. Kunezibani eziningi ethempelini lamaSulumane kangangokuthi kufana nokungena ezulwini. Wonke umuntu unjalo ehlotshiswe ngegolide nangamatshe ayigugu futhi njengoba sishilo ngenhla, ngaphakathi kweziqukathi zengilazi wawubona amaqanda entshe namabhola engilazi engeziwe alahlekile noma antshontshiwe noma aseminyuziyamu.
Kanti ingaphandle linjani? I-facade injalo okufana nalokhu kweSuleiman Mosque, kodwa zengeziwe ama-domes ekhoneni nama-turrets. Isikwele side njenge-mosque ngokwaso futhi sinamagumbi amaningana anezindawo lapho abathembekile bengenza khona ukugeza kwabo. Kukhona ifonti ene-hexagonal emaphakathi futhi kunesikole somlando namuhla esisebenza njengesikhungo solwazi, ngasohlangothini lwe-Hgaia Sofía. I-mosque inamamitha ayisithupha: kukhona ezine emakhoneni, ngalinye linama-balconi amathathu, futhi kukhona amabili ngaphezulu ekugcineni kwe-patio enamavulandi amabili kuphela.
Le ncazelo ingase ingabi yinhle njengokuyibona mathupha. Y unombono omuhle kakhulu uma usondela usuka enkundleni yomjahonoma, ohlangothini olusentshonalanga lwethempeli. Uma ungeyena umSulumane, kufanele futhi uvakashele lapha. Batusa ukungabaniki ukubaluleka kubantu abakhululekile ekungeneni, bezama ukuthengisa izinto noma ukukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwenza umugqa akudingekile. Akunjalo. Hlala nezinye izivakashi.
Amathiphu okuvakasha:
- Kunconywa ukuthi uhambe phakathi no-ekuseni. Kunemithandazo emihlanu ngosuku bese i-mosque ivala imizuzu engu-90 emthandazweni ngamunye. Gwema uLwesihlanu, ikakhulukazi.
- Ungena ungagqokanga izicathulo uzifake kuplastiki abakunika wona emnyango mahhala.
- Kungenwa mahhala.
- Uma ungowesifazane fanele umboze ikhanda lakho futhi uma ungenayo into yakho futhi bakunike okuthile lapho, mahhala, ukumboza. Intamo namahlombe nawo kufanele kuvalwe.
- Ngaphakathi kwe-mosque kufanele uthule, ungathathi izithombe nge-flash futhi ungathwebuli noma ubheke kakhulu labo abakhona bethandaza.