EParis Unohlu lwezindawo ongeke uziphuthe futhi kukhona kulo ukwakhiwa okumangazayo okubusa ama-boulevards abanzi eParis: IKhothamo Lokunqoba. Impela uke wakubona kaninginingi ezithombeni nakumamuvi, kepha ngabe ukuvakashele?
Akusikho ukuheha okuthatha isikhathi, njengabanye eParis, ngakho-ke ungakuhlela ekuseni noma ntambama, amahora ambalwa, umbono omuhle, isithombe esihle ne-voila, ungawela i-Arc de Triomphe uhlu lwe izindawo zokuhlangana eParis.
IKhothamo Lokunqoba
Akuyona ukuphela kwengubo yokunqoba eyakhiwa emlandweni ngoba empeleni lolu hlobo lwetshe lesikhumbuzo lalivele lithandwa kakhulu ngezikhathi zamaRoma. Eqinisweni, sibakweleta isiko lokwakhela la makhothamo khumbula ukunqoba kwezempi. Akuyona ingxenye, ngokuvamile, yezindonga noma amanye amasango omuzi, kepha imi yodwa futhi izimele, ngokuhlukile.
Ngisho, kwakukhona imengamo yokunqoba eyakhiwa ngezikhathi zamaRoma kanti eminye yakhiwa ngezikhathi zakamuva. Babenokubuyela emfashini ku-Renaissance okwathi lapho kuzalwa kabusha intshisekelo ku-Antiquity. Ngemuva kwalokho, amakhosi ahlukahlukene aseYurophu akha imengamo yokunqoba njengabaphathi bakudala. EJalimane, e-United Kingdom, eRussia naseSpain ngisho nangaphandle kwe-Europe e-United States futhi uyakholelwa noma cha, eNyakatho Korea.
Kepha ngaphandle kokungabaza, yize kungeyona enkulu, i-Arc de Triomphe eParis yaziwa kakhulu emhlabeninoma. Futhi leyo Paris… kahle, iParis, kuyasiza kakhulu. Lokhu kukhothama Yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1806 no-1836 ngokwemiyalo kaBonaparte. Yikuphi ukunqoba kwezempi elikukhumbulayo? Impi yase-Austerlitz, iMpi Yababusi Abathathu njengoba yaziwa futhi, eyenzeka ngoDisemba 1805 lapho amabutho oMbusi uNapoleon I ahlula khona amabutho ahlanganisiwe kaTsar Alexander I noMbusi wase-Austria u-Francis I.
Yize umbono kaNapoleon Bonaparte kwakungukuwakha ePlace de la Bastille, indawo engokomfanekiso uma kukhona lapha futhi ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyindlela eyayilandelwa amabutho ebuya empini, kwakungeke kube njalo futhi yaphakanyiswa ku- I-Star Square o Indawo de l'Etoile.
Ekuqaleni kwendatshana ngithe i-arch ibusa inethiwekhi yama-boulevards aseParis futhi kunjalo. Lo mklamo omusha wasemadolobheni okwaqothula iParis yangenkathi ephakathi unesiginesha kaHaussman, umphathi wezwe ngaleso sikhathi owayesebenza edolobheni futhi lowo mklamo omise okwenkanyezi ukweletwa yena.
Akukho okwenzekile ngengozi. Umqondo wezindlela ezibanzi oqala esigcawini esincane ukuthi lo mklamo wasemadolobheni uvimbela noma uvimbela izivimbelo futhi uvumele amabutho ahlomile ukuthi adlule kalula. Namuhla, kusukela ePlaza de la Estrella i-Avenue ye-Great Armada, i-Avenue yeWagram, i-Avenue Kleber futhi ethandwa kakhulu kunazo zonke, iChamps Elysees noma iChamps Ellysees iyaqala.
I-Arc de Triomphe yaklanywa nguJean Chalgrin, yize ashone ngo-1811 futhi kumele ngabe agcwaliswe ngu UJean-Nicolas Huyot Ufile eminyakeni emine ngemuva kokuvulwa kwe-arch ebusisiwe. UHuyot wakhuthazwa yi-Arch of Titus eRoma futhi yakha isikhumbuzo se Amamitha angama-49 ukuphakama namamitha angama-45 ububanzi nezinsika ezine ezinkulu.
Ngaphandle kwethempeli uzobona ukunqoba kwamasosha kaNapoleon kuqoshwe kanti ohlangothini olungaphakathi kunamagama angama-558 ahambelana nophathimandla boMbuso WaseFrance. Labo abadwetshelwe yilabo abashone besemsebenzini.
Kuzo zonke izinsika kunesifanekiso futhi kukhona namafriyi, imisebenzi enesiginesha yabaculi uCorot, u-Etex noPradier. Isifanekiso esivelele kunazo zonke yisona esinesiginesha kaFrancois Rude othandana naye, uLa Marseillaise. Kunamaqembu amane ebuciko be-arch, kuma-jambs awo: Ukunqoba kukaNapoleon, The March of the Volunteers, The Taking of Alexandria kanye neThe Battle of Austerlitz. Owesibili uvame ukubizwa ngeLa Marseillaise.
Nalapha futhi kukhona iThuna leSosha elingaziwa leMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi-ke ilangabi laphakade lihlala livutha elikhumbula phakade labo abanikela ngempilo yabo ngenxa yezwe. Ilangabi nesitsha salo sethusi esiyindilinga esihlotshiswe ngemifula yezinkemba kuwumsebenzi womdwebi uHenru Favier, kanti ukukhanya kokuqala komkhosi kwenzeka ngoNovemba 11, 1923 ngesandla sikaMaginot, isopolitiki saseFrance ngemuva kweMaginot Line edumile, owayezivikela inethiwekhi obehlulekile ku-WWII.
Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kusukela lapho ilangabi livuselelwa ngehora lesithupha ntambama nsuku zonke, njalo ngummeleli wenye yezinhlangano ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye zamasosha angaphambili, ahlangana enhlanganweni ekhethekile yomnsalo. Futhi kufanele kuthiwe nangesikhathi sokubusa kwamaNazi ilangabi alizange licishwe nokuthi kunesenzo esisemthethweni njalo ngoNovemba 11, okuyilapho iFrance ikhumbula ukuphela kweMpi Yokuqala.
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye edlule, ngo-2018, i- imisebenzi yokubuyiselwa we-arch kusukela sonke isakhiwo, kepha ikakhulukazi ama-reliefs, ayengcolile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela yokuhlanza amanzi yayivele ikhona amashumi amabili eminyaka, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka ukuthi kuhlanzwe, kubuyiswe izinsizakusebenza bese kufakwa kabusha into entsha yokuxosha amanzi.
Kusukela ngo-2008 kukhona ngaphakathi kwe-arch imnyuziyamu enombukiso we-multimedia unomphela. Ibizwa Phakathi kwezimpi nokuthula futhi uthatha uhambo ngomlando wesikhumbuzo kanye nemengamo njengezikhumbuzo. Okuhle ukuthi ngaphezu komnyuziyamu nelangabi laphakade lamasosha angaziwa ungakhuphukela ophahleni futhi ujabulele ukubukwa okuhle kwe-Champs Elysees, i-Place de la Concorde, i-Arch of Defense kanye ne-Louvre Museum.
Kukhona nesitolo sezipho futhi uma uthenge i- IPass Museum yaseParis ungayisebenzisa.
Imininingwane ewusizo yokuvakashela i-Arc de Triomphe
- Izikhathi zokuvula: kusuka ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya kuSepthemba 1 kuvulwa kusuka ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-11 ntambama; Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 31 kuya kuMashi 31 ikwenza lokho kuze kube ngu-10: 30 ebusuku. Kuvalwa ngoJanuwari 1, Meyi 1, Meyi 8 ekuseni, ngoJulayi 14 nangoNovemba 11 ekuseni nango-Okthoba 25.
- Intengo: Ama-euro ayi-12 no-9 ngentengo eyehlisiwe.ISonto lokuqala lenyanga limahhala, kusuka ngoNovemba 1 kuya kuMashi 31. Uma uyisakhamuzi saseYurophu esingaphansi kweminyaka engama-26 noma uthisha oyinhloko noma wesibili futhi. Ungakhokha ngokheshi noma ngekhadi lesikweletu.