Hoton da ke kwatanta labarin ya ja hankalin ku? Yana da ban mamaki, ko ba haka ba? Kuna mamakin ko wani abu ne na halitta ko na wucin gadi, menene shi kuma a ina yake? To, yana da game da California Black Hole, wanda aka sani da ita Hoton Girma.
El Hoton daukaka mutum ne ya yi kuma yana cikin dam a gundumar Napa, Kaliforniya'da. Bari mu ɗan ƙara koyo game da shi a cikin labarinmu a yau.
Monticello Dam
Kamar yadda muka fada a sama, wannan ginin wani bangare ne na dam ko dam da ke gundumar Napa, California. Dam din na musamman shine Monticello Dam que An gina shi tsakanin 1953 zuwa 1957.
Ginin ya ƙare yana sarrafa hanyar Putah Creek a arewacin California, wani yanki na Kogin Sacramento. Kogin da kogin ya ratsa ta cikinsa yana da tsawon kilomita 137 kuma yana samun ruwansa daga tsaunukan Mayacamas, wani bangare na gabar teku, wanda ke ratsa gabas ta ratsa madatsun ruwa guda biyu, daya daga cikinsu shi ne Dam din Monticelli.
Ginin dam ya haifar da Lake Berryssa, wani katon tafkin wucin gadi wanda aka kidaya shi a matsayin tabki na bakwai na wadannan halaye, girman girman, a California. Ana amfani da ruwan da farko don aikin noma a cikin kwarin Sacramento.
An yi madatsar ruwan da siminti mai tsayin mita 93. Ƙarfin tafki yana da girma kuma wani lokaci daga baya, a cikin 1983, a tashar wutar lantarki tare da janareta guda uku waɗanda ke da iko da yankin San Francisco Bay.
Ramin daukaka
Menene game da shi? Wannan "black hole" a California ba wani abu bane illa Babban titin dam na Monticello. Menene hanyar zubewa? Ba a tsarin da ke aiki don sarrafa fitar da ruwa daga dam, gabaɗaya zuwa ga gadon kogin ko a cikin dam kanta.
Hoton Girma na Dam din Monticello Yana da diamita na mita 22 a matakin tafkin kuma ya kai kimanin mita 8 da rabi a mashigin. A matakin tafkin magudanar ruwa na iya zubewa har zuwa milliliters cubic 1370 a sakan daya, wani abu da ke faruwa a lokacin da ruwan tafkin ya tashi sama da mita 4.7 sama da matakin ramin.
Lokaci na ƙarshe da wannan ya faru a zahiri shine a ciki 2019. Kafin wannan shekarar makamancin haka ya faru a shekarar 2017 bayan guguwa da dama, amma kafin nan. al'amarin bai faru ba tsawon shekaru goma.
I mana An haramta yin iyo a nan, amma duk da haka ba za ka iya daukar hankalin mutane da wasa ba. Don haka abin takaici mutum daya ya mutu a shekarar 1997: Wata mata mai suna Emily Schwalek, mai shekaru 41, ta mutu a lokacin da aka tafi da ita a lokacin da take ninkaya a kusa da ramin Glory Hole. Ta yi nasarar manne bakinta na tsawon mintuna 20 masu ratsa jiki, amma daga karshe aka tafi da ita aka nutse.
An kuma ce da gaske ya kashe kansa domin da a ce ruwan ya yi tsayi da yawa ba za ta iya rike bakin ba. Hasali ma, sun yi ƙoƙarin yin magana da ita don shawo kan ta ta yi iyo zuwa gaci, amma matar ta ƙi. Don haka, da alama maimakon "tsotsi" ta bar kanta, kuma a ƙarshe an gano gawar bayan sa'o'i da yawa a cikin ƙananan tsibirin Putah.
Don haka, ba a ba da shawarar yin iyo a wasu wurare ko wasu kwanaki ba, amma Ee, zaku iya yin ayyukan ruwa a cikin tafki na tsaunin Vaca, halitta ta wucin gadi ta madatsar ruwa guda. A ranakun rana yana da kyau ga iyo, kamun kifi, gudun kan ruwa, kayak ko kwalekwale.
Kuna kuma gani da yawa jiragen ruwa tunda tafkin yana da tashar ruwa ta musamman gare su. Idan ka je ka matso kusa da dam din, wanda kusan ko da yaushe ruwan ya yi kasa, za ka ga ramin daukakar da babu shi, wato hasumiyar siminti da ke hawa saman tafkin. Daga nan ne idan ruwan ya tashi ya zama haka shaidan karkarwa wanda muka sani a matsayin Glory Hole, wani abu ne mai ban tsoro.
A gaskiya ma, ya zama sananne sosai kuma tun da za mu iya samun jirgi maras matuki koyaushe akwai mutane da yawa suna yawo a kai da ɗaukar bidiyo masu kyau waɗanda daga baya aka ɗora su zuwa YouTube. Amma, Shin ita kadai ce irinta da ta zube a duniya?
To, a'a, ba ma wanda yake da wannan siffar ba, kararrawa idan za ku so. Akwai wasu daidai suke, misali, a cikin Harriman Dam a Vermont, Amurka, a cikin Ladybower Dam a Derbushire, United Kingdom, a cikin Gibson Dam a Montana ko a cikin Dam San Roque a Cordoba, Argentina.
Wasu ƙarin bayani game da Monticello Dam: gininsa yana cikin abin da ake kira Solano Project, aikin karni na XNUMX don ban ruwa a kananan hukumomin Solano da Yolo don fadada ayyukan noma wanda tun karni na 50 yana da karancin ruwa a watannin bazara. An sayi filin ne a shekarun XNUMX kuma lokacin da aka fara ginin manoman sun kaura kuma kasar kanta ta cika da ruwa.
Tabbas, kamar yadda aka samu muryoyin goyon baya, akwai masu adawa da shi, amma aikin ya ci gaba da tafiya, ana ci gaba da ambaliya, an rushe gine-gine, an kwashe kaburbura, kuma a karshen wannan shekaru goma komai ya kusa ƙare. A cikin 1963 jimlar ambaliyar Monticello ta ƙarshe ta faru. ko da yake ko a yau idan ruwan ya yi kasa, za ka ga wasu gine-gine, kamar garin fatalwa.