Hamada ita ce yankin da kusan ba a samun ruwan samaKodayake wannan ba shine dalilin da ya sa ya kamata muyi tunanin cewa hamada ba shi da rayuwa kowane iri. Yana yi, kuma kamar yadda akwai hamada busasshe kuma kusan babu flora ko fauna, akwai wasu waɗanda kusan, a hanyar su, gonar bishiya ce.
Idan muka kalli taswirar hamadar duniya, zamu fahimci cewa akwai tarin tarin hamada a Arewacin Afirka da kuma yawancin Asiya. A cikin Asiya akwai kusan hamada ashirin da uku ko rabin hamada, saharar daɗaɗɗa da wasu waɗanda ke cikin tsari. Amma akwai wasu da suke na kwarai kuma shahararre kuma sun kasance manyan hamadar Asiya.
Hamadar Larabawa
Wannan babbar hamada ce, na Kilomita 2.330.000, wanda ke zuwa daga Yemen zuwa Tekun Fasha da Oman zuwa Iraki da Jordan. Hamada tana cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, yammacin Asiya, kuma kusan ta mamaye yankin Larabawa. Yana da bushewar yanayiAkwai dunes ja, yashi mai yashi da yanayin zafi wanda ke narkewa da rana, na 46ºC, kuma yana daskarewa da dare.
Wasu nau'in flora da fauna an dauke su don su zauna anan wasu kuma sun halaka saboda bunkasar biranen da kuma ci gaba da farautar mutane. Wannan jejin Asiya yana da wadataccen adadi na sulphur, phosphates da gas da mai kuma ana tunanin cewa watakila wadannan ayyukan sune suke sanya kiyayewarsa.
Hamada Gobi
Hamada ce mai girman gaske wacce ta mamaye ta wani yanki na China da Mongolia. Tsaunukan Himalaya suna toshe gizagizai masu kawo ruwa daga Tekun Indiya haka abin yake busasshiyar hamada, tare da kusan babu ruwan sama. Tana da filin kilomita murabba'i dubu 1.295 kuma ita ce babbar hamada a Asiya.
Gobi ba hamada ne mai yashi mai yawa kuma mafi yawa gadonta fallasa dutse. A lokaci guda yana da hamada mai sanyiYana iya yin daskarewa har ma kana iya ganin dunes mai dusar ƙanƙara. Duk saboda yana cikin babban tsayi, tsakanin mita 900 zuwa 1520. -40ºC yanayi ne mai yuwuwa a lokacin hunturu kuma 50ºC a lokacin rani shima ya saba.
Gobi yana ɗaya daga cikin hamadar da ba ya tsayawa har yanzu yana ci gaba da girma, kuma yana yin hakan cikin yanayi mai tsoratarwa saboda saurin Tsarin Hamada cewa ka samu. Kuma ee, sananne ne saboda shine shimfidar jariri na Daular Mongol, ta Genghis Khan.
Karakum hamada
Wannan jejin yana cikin asia ta tsakiya kuma a yaren Turkanci ana nufin baƙin yashi. Yawancin hamada yana cikin ƙasashen Turkmenistan. Ba shi da yawan jama'a kuma hakanan ana ruwa kadan. A ciki akwai tsaunin tsaunuka, tsaunukan Bolshoi, inda aka sami gawar ɗan Adam na Dutse, da kuma wasu maraba maraba ga waɗanda suka yanke shawarar hawa shi.
Wannan hamada ma tana da wuraren mai da iskar gas. A zahiri, a ciki anan sanannen Kofar zuwa Wuta ne, Bakin Darvaza, Filin iskar gas wanda ya rushe a shekarar 1971. Tun daga wannan lokacin ana ci gaba da haskaka shi da gangan, don kauce wa hadari: yana da tsawon mita 69 da zurfin mita 30.
A ƙarshe, wasu waƙoƙi masu shekaru dari sun tsallaka shi: shine Jirgin Trans-Caspiano Yana bin hanyar siliki kuma daular Rasha ta gina shi.
Kyzyl Kum Desert
Wannan hamada tana cikin Asiya ta Tsakiya kuma sunan ta a ma'anar Turkawa ja. Yayi daidai tsakanin koguna biyu kuma a yau ya mamaye ƙasashe uku: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan da Kazakhstan. Tana da murabba'in kilomita dubu 298.
Mafi yawan wannan jejin yana da farin yashi kuma suna nan wasu oases. A gefen kogunan nan biyu da suke matsa shi kuma a cikin waɗannan mashigar akwai wasu ƙauyukan manoma.
Takla Makan Desert
Wannan hamada tana cikin kasar Sin, a cikin Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, yankin da ke da rinjayen musulmai. An kewaye shi da duwatsu zuwa arewa da yamma sannan kuma hamada ta Goni kanta ta kewaye shi da gabas. Tana mamaye yanki mai murabba'in kilomita dubu 337 kuma fiye da 80% na dunes dinta suna motsawa koyaushe canza yanayin wuri.
China ta gina babbar hanya danganta Luntai da Hotan, birane biyu. Kamar jejin Gobi, Himalayas suna hana girgije girgije, don haka busasshiyar hamada ce, kuma a lokacin sanyi yanayin zafi na iya zama kasa da 20 ºC. Akwai ƙarancin ruwa don haka oases yana da daraja.
Hamada ta Thar
Al Thar an san shi da Babbar jejin Indiya kuma yanki ne mai bushe wanda yake aiki kamar iyakar ƙasa tsakanin Indiya da Pakistan. Yankin hamada ne kuma idan mukayi magana akan kashi-kashi, sama da kashi 80% yana cikin yankin Indiya inda yake da fadin murabba'in kilomita dubu 320.
Thar yana da busasshiyar sashi, zuwa yamma, da kuma rabin hamada, zuwa gabas, tare da dunes da ɗan ƙaramin ruwan sama. Mafi yawan wannan jejin na Indiya sune sauya dunes Suna motsawa sosai kafin lokacin monson saboda iska mai ƙarfi.
Wannan hamada tana da kogi daya, guda daya ne kawai, Luni, kuma dan karamin ruwan sama da ke sauka yana yin sa tsakanin Yuli zuwa Satumba. Akwai wasu gishirin ruwan gishiri wanda ke cika da ruwan sama ya ɓace a lokacin rani. Dukansu Pakistan da Indiya sun ayyana wasu yankuna kamar "Wuraren kariya ko wuraren bautar halitta". Tsuntsayen dawakai, barewa, dabbobi masu rarrafe, jakunan daji, dawakai ja da nau'in tsuntsaye iri-iri.
Thar yana da ƙwarewar hakan ita ce hamada mafi yawan mutane a duniya. Hindu, Musulmai, Sikh, Sindhis da Kolhis suna rayuwa, wasu a Indiya, wasu a Pakistan, a kan kimanin mutane 83 a kowace murabba'in kilomita wadanda suka sadaukar da dabbobi da noma kuma suna da wadataccen rayuwar al'adu wanda ya hada da bukukuwan jama'a.