China tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙasashe a duniya kuma ɗayan tsoffin wayewar wayewa. Tana da taskoki da yawa, na tarihi, na al'adu da na addini. UNESCO ta ba ta wuraren Tarihi na Duniya da yawa amma har ila yau wasu ayyukan aikin injiniya sun kusan zuwa tsayi na tsoffin kyawawan kyawawan pagodas ko manyan gidajen sarauta.
Lamarin na Madatsar ruwa uku, wani katafaren madatsar ruwa da aka gina akan gadon kogin Yangtze, babban jijiyar wayewar ƙasar Sin. Dam din yana da tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu kuma dukkan aikin ya dauki shekaru 17 ana kammala shi. Akwai matakai uku, daga 1992 zuwa 1997, daga 1998 zuwa 2003 kuma daga wannan shekarar zuwa 2009. Mataki-mataki, kadan-kadan, wannan gagarumin fannonin aikin injiniya china ya ɗauki sifa.
Abin farin ciki, don sanin tarihin sa mai ban mamaki hukumomi suna ba da izini a yau 'yan yawon bude ido sun ziyarci Madatsar Ruwa Uku.
Takaitaccen tarihin Madatsar Ruwa Uku
Kogin Yangtze ya kasance yana da mahimmanci koyaushe kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa sarrafa ikon sa da kuma ambaliyar sa ya kasance lamari ne na Jiha.. Injiniyan zamani ya ba da damar tsara babban buri wanda ya cimma wannan burin. Mataki na farko a aikin gina wannan madatsar ruwan ta kasar Sin ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru biyar sannan na biyu ya ɗauki shekaru shida. Rijiyar, magudanar ruwa, tsarin dam, tashar jiragen ruwa da tashoshin kewayawa sun fara bayyana a waɗannan shekarun. Hakanan tashar samar da wutar lantarki da sauran kayan masarufi da wuraren karshe kan dam din sun dauki fasali a mataki na uku kuma na karshe. Madatsar ruwa ita ma, tafki ce mai ban sha'awa wacce ke cikin mafi girma a duniya.
Gina madatsar ruwan ya haifar da takaddama saboda girmanta da tsadar tattalin arziki da muhalli.. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke nuna fifiko akwai shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa, samar da wutar lantarki, mai amfani a cikin kasashe masu tasowa, yawon bude ido, da wuraren zirga-zirgar kogi. Daga cikin matsalolin da madatsar ruwan ta haifar sun hada da malalar kogin, matsalolin muhalli, kaurawar ma'aikata da kuma rashin yanayin yanayin yankin. Me ya sa? Tashin ruwa, a wasu sassa, yana shafar wasu wurare ko kayan tarihi da yawa sun motsa, kodayake wasu sun kasance sun fi nesa da yawon shakatawa.
Babu yarjejeniya kan nawa aka rasa ko aka samu a wannan fannin, amma a yau babban ra'ayi shi ne cewa yayin da aka rasa wasu shimfidar wurare, wasu kuma ba a sami masu kyau ba.
Halayen Madatsar Ruwa Uku
Dam din yana cikin lardin Hubei, a cikin garin Yichang. Ita ce madatsar ruwa mafi girma a duniya kuma yana samarda awowi miliyon 84.7. Hadadden ya kunshi madatsar ruwa, tsarin rufewa ko ƙofa da kuma samar da wutar lantarki. Dam din yana da tsayin mita 2300 da fadin mita 115 kuma yana iya daukar ruwa mai tsawon mita dubu 39.3 da biliyan XNUMX.
Babbar tafkin ta, wanda yakai kilomita murabba'i 1000, yana taimakawa wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ta Yantzé sannan kuma yana daga cikin wani sabon yanayi mai ban mamaki.
Ziyarci Madatsar Ruwa Uku
Yankin Yanayi na Dam uku na Gorges shine wurin yawon bude ido. Babban fili ne na murabba'in kilomita 15 wanda aka hada shi da wani baje koli na musamman akan aikin, Risco Tanzi, Platform 185, Panoramic Point of the Dam da Memorial Garden.
Risco Tanzi yana cikin kusan mita 270 na tsayi kuma babu shakka shine mafi kyaun wuri don samun cikakken fasalin madatsar ruwan. Yana kama da kwado, tanzi da Sinanci ana nufin haka kawai. Yana da hawa uku, kowanne a tsaunuka mabanbanta, kuma kana iya ganin tudu na kasa na kayan tarihi daban daban, daga kasan gadon kogin zuwa gaba.
Platform 185 wani wuri ne mai kyau don ganin dam. Yana a wannan tsayin, wanda yayi daidai da tsayin dam. Wani shafin shine Yankin Yanayin Dam din kanta kuma daga can zaka iya ganin lokacin da aka bude kofofin kuma aka kwashe ruwa zuwa adadi mara misaltuwa. Wannan galibi yana faruwa ne a lokacin ambaliyar, tsakanin Yuli zuwa Agusta, don haka idan kuka je waɗannan ranakun kuna iya ganin abin al'ajabin a aikace: Mita mita dubu 36 na ruwa a sakan ɗaya yana fitowa cikin jirage sama masu tsayin mita 50, wanda ya samar da su hazo mai danshi wanda ya lulluɓe komai.
Jirgin ruwa don ganin Ruwan Gorges Uku
Akwai jiragen ruwa na yawon shakatawa a Kogin Yangtze waɗanda suka ziyarci madatsar ruwan. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da farashi daban-daban kuma suna da kyakkyawan zaɓi saninsa. Akwai jiragen ruwa daga mako guda zuwa kwanaki goma da suka taɓa birane daban-daban kamar Chongqing, Yichang, Shanghai, Guilin, Hong Kong, Xian, Beijing, da sauransu. Kuna iya shiga yawon bude ido da yawa zuwa jirgin ruwa kuma ku kashe tsuntsaye da yawa da dutse ɗaya. Gaba ɗaya akwai hanyoyi huɗu na jirgin ruwa:
- daga Chongqing zuwa Yichang, daga can ƙasa. Yau dare uku da kwana hudu.
- daga Yichang zuwa Chongqing, upriver. Yau da dare ne da kwana biyar.
- daga Chongqing zuwa Shanghai, can ƙasa. Yana daukar dare shida da kwana bakwai.
- daga Shanghai zuwa Chongqing, upriver. Yana daukan dare takwas da kwana tara.
Idan ba zakuyi yawo ba kuma kuna son tafiya kawai yi ziyarar yawon bude ido a dam din to, zaku iya zuwa garin Yichang. Akwai motocin bas na yawon bude ido da yawa da ke kai ku wurin a kowane lokaci na rana. Farashin shine yuan 105 ga kowane baligi da zai shiga kuma ya hada da jigilar kaya a cikin ƙaramar bas ɗin da zai kai ku yankin yawon buɗe ido kuma ya bar kowane minti 20.
Kuma amfani da gaskiyar cewa kuna cikin yankin zaku iya ƙara wasu abubuwan jan hankali. Ka tuna cewa sunan dam din shine Madatsar ruwa uku Don haka muna da kwazazzabai ko kankara da kansu su sani: Kogin Xiling, da Wu da kuma Qutang, mafi kyawun ɓangarorin duka Kogin Yangtze. Har ila yau, akwai Gidan Tarihi na Sturgeon, wani shafi da aka keɓe don kiyaye 'yan bautar Sin da ke zaune a cikin wannan kogin, da kuma gidan ibada na Huangling, ɗayan tsofaffi a yankin da ke da shekaru fiye da 2500.