Wata kawarta ta gaya min cewa tana son wuraren da ba na mata ba kuma tana mutuwa don bata a titunan Ulan Bator, babban birnin Mongolia. Na fahimce shi, wani lokacin ya zama dole mu je wani wuri daban don fahimtar yadda duniya take da fadi.
Ba za a iya samunsa ba. Mai rikitarwa amma ba za'a iya fahimtarsa ba. Wannan shine yadda Ulan Bator, babban birnin Mongolia, babban yanki na gabashin Asiya yake tsakanin China da Rasha kwarai da gaske kuma mutane miliyan uku ne ke zaune a ciki. Bari mu san babban birninta da ƙofar sa. Shin da gaske yana da fara'a?
Ulan Bator
Mongolia ba ta da iyaka kuma kyawawann shimfidar shimfide sune manyan makiyaya, tsaunuka da kyawawan hamada Gobi. Kamar babban birni, Ulan Bator yana tattara kusan rabin yawan jama'ar ƙasar. Don ziyartarsa dole ne aiwatar da biza A ofisoshin jakadancin da suka dace da su a duniya ko a filin jirgin sama guda ɗaya idan ƙasarku ba ta da ofishin jakadanci, ana biyan dala 53 kuma zai ɗauki wata guda, kodayake dole ne ku sami goron gayyata daga wata hukumar yawon bude ido ta Mughal.
Mongolia kasar dawakai ce kuma masarautu daban-daban sun mulke shi, sanannen sananne an kafa shi a karni na XNUMX ta Genghis Khan. Jikansa ya mamaye China kuma ya jagoranci daular Yuan a waccan kasar, kodayake bayan lokaci masarautar Mongol ta fadi warwas kuma Mongoliya, kwararrun mahaya dawakai, suka yi niyyar komawa wadannan ƙasashe, asalinsu na asali.
Mongoliya yawancinsu mabiya addinin Buddha ne, addinin da ya zo tare da Manchu Sinawa daga ƙarni na sha bakwai. A farkon karni na 90 kasar ta bayyana 'yancinta kuma Tarayyar Soviet ta taimaka mata don ci gaba da wannan sanarwar ta ƙarfin gwiwa. Bayan kwaminisanci, ya fara nasa tsarin dimokiradiyya a cikin XNUMXs.
Kusan mutane miliyan da rabi ke zaune a Ulan Bator. Birnin yana a arewacin kasar game da 1300 mita na tsawo, a kwarin kogin Tuul. An kafa shi a tsakiyar karni na sha bakwai ta hannun mabiya addinin Buddha kuma an karɓi sunan yanzu a cikin 1924 kasancewar fassararsa Red Hero ko Red Jarumi City.
A kusa da shi akwai gandun daji masu kore tare da Pine, Elm, Willow da bishiyoyin Birch. Garin yana daidai tsayi kamar Vienna ko Munich, kamar gaskiyar gaskiya, amma Shi ne babban birni mafi sanyi a duniya. Ba shi da sauƙi a gare ku ku tafi cikin Janairu saboda yana iya zama -40ºC kuma kodayake ba sau da yawa a kowane lokaci ana iya samun wani lokacin rani mai zafi mai zafi sama da 35 ºC. Yana da kyau a san cewa garin ya kasu zuwa yankuna tara.
Babban gundumar daga zamanin Soviet take kuma zaku ga irin wannan ginin na kankare, monoblocs da launin toka mai yawa. Bayan haka, don ziyarta, akwai murabba'ai, gidajen tarihi, hanyoyi da wuraren tunawa. Bari muga menene.
Yankin tsakiyar shine Filin Chinggis tare da abin tunawa da girmama Genghis Khan da sauran Khans. A kusa da shi shine Fadar Gwamnatin da sauran muhimman ma'aikatu da gine-ginen banki. Da Lama Choijin Haikali Hadadden gidan ibada ne wanda aka gina a farkon karni na XNUMX. Yana ɗauke da tsoffin mutum-mutumi, siliki, zane-zane, sassaka itace, masks da kayan kida na addini masu mahimmanci. Gidan kayan gargajiya ne don haka zaku iya ziyartarsa.
El Gidan Gandantegchinlen Buddhist ne kuma a cikin 90's an dawo da shi. A yau ana zaune da sufaye 150 kuma an san ta da mutum-mutumin Avalokitesvara a kan mita 26 Babban. A zamanin Stalin gwamnati ta rusa gidajen ibada da yawa kuma ta kashe dubunnan sufaye amma wannan gidan ibada na musamman an kare shi daga tsarkakewa kuma ya rayu shekaru da yawa har sai kwaminisanci ya ƙare.
An lalata asalin mutum-mutumin na jan karfe a cikin 1938 amma an sake haɗa shi a cikin 90s saboda haɗin kan mutane. Tana da dubunnan duwatsu masu daraja kuma a yau kuma yana da murfin zinare. Hakanan zaka iya ziyarci Tunawa da Zaisan kuma ɗauki wasu manyan hotuna na garin. Wannan abin tunawa yana girmama sojojin Mongolia da Soviet waɗanda suka yi yaƙi a WWII kuma ra'ayoyin sun tabbata tunda yana kan tsauni ne kudu da birnin.
Akwai bango mai launi wanda ke tuna taimakon Soviet ga Mongolia lokacin da sojojin Japan suka yi yunƙurin ci gaba, har ila yau yaƙi da Nazis ko isowa sararin samaniyar Mongol na farko a tseren sararin Soviet. A yau kuma kuna iya ganin tankin Soviet tare da taswirar hanyar da brigade ɗin suka yi daga Moscow zuwa Berlin.
El Bogd Khan Fadar Wuta A yau gidan kayan gargajiya ne kuma shi ne kadai mazaunin tsoffin sarakunan Mongol da ya kasance a tsaye. An gina shi a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX cikin salon Sinanci kuma hadadden gidan ibada shida ne da ke da fasahar Buddha da yawa. Yana kan layin waje na gari amma dole ne ku san shi.
Kamar yadda kuke gani, ba wai birni yana da yawan shakatawa ba amma bayan sanin waɗannan wuraren zaku iya zuwa ziyarci wuraren shakatawa na kasa kusa ko kabilu makiyaya waɗanda suka yi yawo a cikin masarautar Mughal tsawon ƙarnika. Ba za a iya manta da shimfidar wuraren ba, wannan tabbas ne. Haka ne, dole ne ku yi tafiya, wani lokacin fiye da kilomita 700 (idan kuna son sanin Tafkin Khuvsgul, misali, tafki na biyu mafi girma a cikin ruwa a duniya), amma wow yana da daraja.
Bayani mai amfani don ziyarar Mongolia
Mafi kyawun lokacin don zuwa Mongolia shine daga Mayu zuwa Satumba. da Bikin Naadam, wanda ba za a iya ba shi ba, yana cikin Yuli. Kodayake Yuli da Agusta watanni ne masu ruwa, har yanzu sune mafi kyau. Idan makomarku ita ce jejin Gobi to Yuni zuwa Satumba ne kwanan wata.
Kodayake a cikin babban birni akwai otal-otal don zagawa cikin sauran ƙasar, abubuwan da aka saba sune hankula sansanin ko Ger inda tsakanin mutane biyu zuwa hudu suke kwana a kowane tanti. Suna da wutar lantarki kuma na ɗan lokaci yanzu, dakunan wanka na yamma, kodayake ba sa tsammanin wadatar da yawa.
Ba kwa buƙatar kowane alurar riga kafi na musamman. Abin da kuke buƙata ba komai ba ne face ƙishirwa don kasada, jin cewa kun kasance a cikin "iyakar ƙarshe" amma ba a sararin samaniya yake ba amma a kan duniyar ku, a cikin ƙasa mai nisa daga inda aka haife ku amma a matsayin ƙasa kamar cewa. Mongolia tana da faɗi kuma mutanen da kuke haɗuwa da su, mazauna gari da baƙi waɗanda suke da ƙishi kamar ku, za su gina tare da ku waɗancan abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar da za su sa ku ji da rai.