Kufunga nezveRoma kufunga nezvechivako chebudiriro yeWestern, zvikomo zvayo zvinomwe, chivakwa chayo chinokatyamadza, icho chinopa ufakazi hwayo hwapfuura hwakare seguta reimwe yehumambo hwakakura kwazvo hwekare. Uye zvechokwadi ndeyekunzwa moyo wechiKristu uchirova kubva kuVatican Square.
Nekuda kwenhoroondo yayo refu, muRome pane zvakawanda zvekutsvaga. Anecdotes anonakidza, mamwe acho achiri kutsungirira. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika kumakuva emuRoma, dzimba dzepasi pevhu idzo vaKristu vaishandisa semakuva kwemazana emakore. Munguva yakapfuura maive nemacathacath anopfuura makumi matanhatu asi mashanu chete awo akauya kwatiri aine hutano hwakanaka kuti avashanyire.
Mune inotevera posvo, isu tichaenda kumakanda emakuva eSan Calixto kuti tizive kwayakatangira, magumo ayo, ayo maitiro uye nezvimwe zvakawanda. Usapotsa!
Kwakatangira macathacombs
Munguva yezana ramakore rekutanga, maKristu eRoma aive asina makuva avo, saka vakatendeukira kumakuva aishandiswa nevahedheni kuviga vakafa vavo. Neichi chikonzero, Musande Peter naSaint Paul mushure mekufira kwavo vakavigwa mucropolis yeVictoria Hill uye Via Ostiense, zvichiteerana.
Nechekare muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechipiri, mushure mekupihwa mvumo, maKristu akatanga kuviga vakafa vavo pasi pevhu uye nekudaro makatatu ekutanga akatanga kuumbika. Mazhinji acho akafukunurwa uye akawedzerwa akatenderedza makuva emhuri dzine varidzi vachangoburitswa sevaKristu vasina kuvachengetera vadiwa vavo chete asi vakavavhurira vamwe.
Mutemo weRoma wenguva iyoyo waisatendera kuti mufi avigwe mukati meguta, saka nharaunda idzi dzaifanirwa kutsvaga makomba emuRoma kunze kwemadziro awo. Zvichida munzvimbo dzakavanzika uye dzakavanzika pasi pevhu kuti ugone kuita tsika dzechirariro dzechiKristu ndisinganzwe kunetswa.
Mufananidzo | Nzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzevashanyi
Nemutemo weMilan, wakasimudzwa nemadzimambo Constantine naLicinius mugore ra313, maKristu akamira kutambudzwa asi makomba akaramba achishanda semakuva kusvika pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechishanu. Kana ari marinda eSan Callisto, Chechi yakafungidzira kurongeka uye manejimendi.
Mazana emakore akatevera, panguva yekupinda kwevatorwa muItari (Goths neLongobards), marinda emakuva eRoma akaramba achipambwa uye maPope akateedzana akamanikidzwa kuendesa zvisaririra zvekuviga kumakereke eguta nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza kusvika pakati pezana ramakore. XNUMXth century uye kutanga kweXNUMX AD AD nenzira iyi, makatatu akasiyiwa ndokuramba ari mukukanganikwa kwenguva refu.
Muzana ramakore re1822th, Juan Bautista de Rossi (1894-XNUMX), akaonekwa sababa vezvokuchera matongo echiKristu, akaongorora makomba emakuva kunyanya aya eSan Calixto kuti vadzidze nezvekwakatangira uye kugoverwa kwemakuva echinyakare. Gare gare, kwakatenderedza 1930, iyo Holy See yakapa kuchengetedzwa kwemacacacs eSaint Callisto kuSalesian Ungano yaDon Bosco semuridzi wemacathacombs.
Mufananidzo | Civitatis
Catacombs eSaint Callisto
Makati emakuva eSan Callisto (Via Appia Antica, 126) akavepo pakati pezana ramakore rechipiri. uye iwo ari chikamu cheyakaomarara chinotora nzvimbo yehekita gumi neshanu, pane nhurikidzwa dzakasiyana dzinosvika pakadzika kwemamita anodarika makumi maviri.
Iwo makanda eSan Calixto aive nzvimbo yekuviga vanapapa gumi nevatanhatu uye makumi mazhinji evatendi vakafira kutenda mune yavo netiweki yemakamuri anodarika makumi maviri emakiromita kureba.
Vanogamuchira zita ravo kubva kumudhikoni San Calixto, akagadzwa kutanga kwezana ramakore rechitatu naPope Ceferino semutungamiriri wemakuva.. Nenzira iyi, marinda eSan Callisto akazova marinda echechi yeRoma.
Anovhurwa kubva China kusvika Chipiri kubva 9:00 a.m. kusvika 12:00 pm uye kubva 14:00 pm kusvika 17:00 pm
Mufananidzo | Mhandara Mary Foramu
Mamwe makomba anozivikanwa
Pakutanga kwaive neanopfuura makumi matanhatu emakuva emakuva asi mashanu chete awo akavhurika kushanya nhasi. Dzinonyanya kukosha uye dzinozivikanwa (San Calixto, San Sebastián neDomitila) dziri chinhambwe chipfupi kubva kune mumwe nemumwe nenzira yeVia Appia uye inoshumirwa nemabhazi mumitsara 118 uye 218.
- Catacomb yeSan Sebastián (Via Appia Antica, 136): makiromita gumi nemaviri pakureba, ine zita rayo kune musoja akaurairwa kutendeuka kuva chiKristu, San Sebastián. Pamwe pamwe nemakuva emakuva eSan Callisto, iwo akanakisa anogona kuoneka. Vhura kubva Muvhuro kusvika Mugovera kubva 12:9 a.m. kusvika 00: 12 pm uye kubva 00:14 pm kusvika 00:17 pm
- Catacombs eDomitila (Via delle Sette Chiese, 280): Aya makatatu emakiromita anopfuura gumi pakureba akawanikwa muna 15 uye ane zita ravo kumuzukuru waVespasian. Vhura kubva Chitatu kusvika Muvhuro: kubva 1593:9 am kusvika 00:12 pm uye kubva 00:14 pm kusvika 00:17 pm
- Catacombs of Priscila (Via Salaria, 430): Ane mafrescoes akakosha kwazvo munhoroondo yeunyanzvi, senge iwo ekutanga mumiriri weMhandara Maria. Vanogona kushanyirwa kubva Chipiri kusvika Svondo kubva 9:00 a.m. kusvika 12:00 pm uye kubva 14:00 pm kusvika 17:00 pm
- Catacombs of Santa Inés (Via Nomentana, 349): Ivo vane zita ravo kuna Santa Inés, akaurairwa kutenda kwake kwechiKristu uye akavigwa mumakuva mamwechete aya akazotora zita rake. Vanogona kushanyirwa kubva 9:00 a.m. kusvika 12:00 pm uye kubva 16:00 pm kusvika 18:00 p.m. Ivo vanovharwa neSvondo mangwanani neMuvhuro masikati.
Zviratidzo mumakacacombs
VaKristu vepakutanga vaigara munzanga ine utsinye. Sezvo vaisakwanisa kutaura kutenda kwavo pachena, maKristu vakapenda zviratidzo pamadziro emakuva emacheketi uye zvakare akaanyora pamatombo emakuva akavhara makuva. Zviratidzo zvakakosha ndeMufudzi Akanaka, monogram yaKristu, mukadzi anonamata nehove.
Chii chekuona mumakacombs eRoma?
Kushanyira kumakacombs eRoma kunotibvumidza isu kuziva in situ kuti kuvigwa kwevaKristu kwanga kwakaita sei panguva iyo kutenda kwavo kwaitambudzwa. Zvinonakidza kwazvo kufamba nemumikoto uye nekuona zvisaririra zvakaitwa mazana emakore apfuura.
Mutengo wematikiti kumacacacs
- Vakuru: 8 euros
- Pasi pemakore gumi nemashanu: 15 euros