Cathedral yakakura kwazvo munyika

Tiri kuzotaura newe munyaya ino iyo cathedral yakakura kwazvo munyika. Asi, kuti iwe ugokwanisa kupedzisa gidhi yako yevashanyi yekushanya kumatemberi makuru uye anoshamisa, isu tichataurawo zvimwe zvezvivakwa zvechitendero zvinotevera icho maererano nehukuru. Nekudaro, chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita kutsanangura iyo musiyano pakati peCathedral neBasilica. Iwe uchakurumidza kunzwisisa chikonzero nei.

Zvose zvivakwa zvechitendero zvinogamuchira zita iroro kubva ku Papa. Asi, nepo yechipiri itembere ine kukosha kukuru kwenhoroondo kumaKristu (dzimwe nguva kuvakwa kwechiRoma), kathedhi imhaka yekuti yakadomwa chigaro chedhiocese uye, nekudaro, yehubhishopi. Ukuwo, macathedrals ese ane zita rekuti madiki basilicas, kunze kweiyo ye St. John Lateran, in Roma, iyo yakura. Uye izvi zvakakosha nekuti, kuti ndikuudze nezvecathedral yakakura kwazvo pasirese, tinofanira kusiyanisa pakati pemhando mbiri dzetembere. Ndiko kuti, kana tikataura nezve basilicas, ndiyo imwe, nepo, kana tikataura nezve macathedrals, ingave imwe.

Peter's Basilica muVatican

Zvirokwazvo, chechi yakakurumbira yeVatican ndiyo basilica hombe pasi rose, isina isingasviki 20 square metres, uye kuvakwa kwayo kwakagara kwemakore anopfuura zana. Yakavakwa kutsiva yekare chechi ye constantine, semuenzaniso, Charlemagne Akagadzwa korona saMambo weRoma Mutsvene. Uye, apa ndipo panodavirwa kuti akavigwa San Pedro.

Magadzirirwo ayo anonyanya kukonzerwa Michelangelo, kunyange zvazvo vanyori vakuru venguva yacho vakashanda pakuvakwa kwayo. Pakati pavo, Twine, Raphael Sanzio, Bernini o Giacomo Della Porta, mudzidzi wokutanga. Pakati pavo vese, vakagadzira chivakwa chisina mubvunzo Renaissance chimiro, kunyangwe icho chinosanganisirawo Baroque zvinhu.

Saizvozvowo, vakavaka temberi maererano nokunaka kwenzvimbo yacho uye kukosha kwayo. Inoyera inodarika mazana maviri emamita pakureba uye inosvika zana nemakumi matatu pakureba, izvo zvinokupa iwe pfungwa yehukuru hwayo. Ndizvo zvichaitawo nyaya yekuti ndeyavanonzi giant order, chimiro chekuvaka chinoratidzwa, chaizvo, nehukuru hwayo. Semuenzaniso, makoramu eiyo huru facade anosvika anopfuura maviri nyaya.

Kunyanya, ivo vanogadzira yekupinda uye iyo inonzi Balcony of Blessings nekuti ndipo panomira Pope kuti avape. Pane izvi pane basa guru rekuyamura re Bounvicino uye, pamusoro, pahombe pediment. Muchikamu chayo chepamusoro pane imba yedenga ine mahwindo makuru masere pakati pemapilasta. Uye, kupfekedza pasi iyi korona, kune balustrade ine gumi nematatu zviumbwa zvakakura kupfuura mamita mashanu kureba. Vanomiririra Kristu, Johane mubhabhatidzi nevaapositori gumi nemumwe. Asipo, chaizvo, Mutsvene Peter, ane effigy iri, naSaint Paul, pamusuwo webasilica. Pakupedzisira, dome hombe pamusoro peambulatory inoshongedza temberi. Ndiyo kureba pasi rose inosvika zana nemakumi matatu nemanomwe emamita uye inopenya nehukuru hwayo hunosvika makumi mana nembiri muhupamhi.

Mukati meSaint Peter's Basilica

Iwe unozowanawo pfungwa yehukuru hweiyi temberi yakanakisa kana tikakuudza kuti inazvo aritari dzina makumi mana neshanu nedzimba dzokunamatira gumi neimwe yakashongedzwa nemabasa ounyanzvi anoshamisira. Inoumbwa nemanave matatu akaparadzaniswa nembiru huru. Iyo yepakati yakafukidzwa nedhiramu hombe yevhavha uye ine marble pasi inozobata ziso rako. Nokuti inosanganisira zvinhu zvetemberi yekare. Semuenzaniso, iyo red porphyry disk kubva kuEgypt iyo Charlemagne akapfugama. Uye zvakare kune inoshamisa mosaics inoshongedza pamusoro.

Kune rumwe rutivi, pakati pemakona pane zvidhori zvezvakanaka uye, pambiru, niches iyo imba nhamba dzevatsvene makumi matatu nevapfumbamwe. Pakupedzisira, pedyo nemuganhu we nave pane chinyorwa chine mavara mamita maviri kureba.

Nezve nave yeEpistle, kurudyi kweiyo yapfuura, inogara akawanda chapel. Yekutanga inoponesa iyo Kuzvipira de Michelangelo uye inoteverwa neyaSan Sebastián, ine sirin'i yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo ye Pietro da Crotona uye pane guva raJohn Paul II. Mabasa ezvivezwa anotevera Bernini uye temberi yeSakaramende Dzvene, ine gonhi rakagadzirwa na Borromini.

Kune rimwe divi retemberi kune nave yeEvhangeri, zvakare ine machapel anoshamisa. Pakati pavo, iyo yeBaptist, basa re carlo fontana, iyo yeMharidzo, uko Musande Pius X akavigwa, kana iyo yeKwaya, neatari yeImmaculate Conception.

Nekuda kwaro, mushure mekupfuura nemu transept kana perpendicular nave uko kune maatari eSan Wenceslao, San José neSanto Tomás, iwe uchasvika kune ambulatory. Mifananidzo yevanhu vakuru veChechi inoshongedza izvi uye inewo maatari akati wandei. Pakati pavo, avo veMutumwa Mukuru Michael, weSanta Petronila uye weNavicella.

Pakupedzisira, mupresbytery kana chikamu chinotangira atari huru, iwe unowana iyo Sachigaro weSaint Peter, chigaro chikuru chaBernini chinosanganisira icho, maererano nengano, chaiva chigaro cheepiscopal chaSaint Peter. Uye nechepakati pane aritari yapapa pasi petemberi baldachin yaSaint Peter, nembiru dzayo dzendarira, dzakareba mamita makumi matatu.

Santa María de la Sede y de la Asunción de Sevilla, kereke huru kwazvo munyika.

Iye zvino, chokwadi, tichataura newe pamusoro peiyo, chaizvoizvo, iyo cathedral huru munyika yose. Iyi ndiyo iri muSeville, yakaziviswa Nhaka Yenyika and with 11 square metres Of surface. Yakavakwa pakati pezana ramakore rechi XNUMX nerechi XNUMX pamusoro pemusikiti wakare, umo zvinhu zviviri zvine hunhu zvakachengetwa.

Sezvaungave wakafungidzira, tiri kutaura nezve giralda, iyo yakanga iri minareti yaro, uye isina kunaka zvishoma Chivanze cheOrange miti. Mukuvakwa kwecathedral vaishanda iya inonzi Master Carlin (Charles Galter), murume wokuFrance akanga atoshanda pamakereke echiGothic muFrance, Diego de Riano, Martin de Gainza, Asensio de Maeda y Hernan Ruiz.

Iyo iri muSeville zvakare ndeyeGothic, kunyangwe iine zvikamu zveRenaissance. Zvikuru zviri pamusoro pe Royal chapella Main Sacristy and the Chapter House. Kune chikamu chayo, Tabernacle Church, yakabatanidzwa kucathedral nebasa re Miguel de Zumarragairi baroque.

Parutivi rwayo rwekumadokero, temberi ine masuo matatu anoshamisa. zve we Rubhabhatidzo, nezvinyorwa zvaro uye zvinyorwa, zvinogamuchira zita iroro nokuti rinopa mufananidzo weRubhabhatidzo rwaKristu mumutauro warwo. zve fungidziro, nechepakati, pakashongedzwa, kare muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, nemifananidzo yevaapostora yakagadzirwa na Ricardo Bellver. Pakupedzisira, iyo ye San Miguel Iine mufananidzo weKuzvarwa kwaKristu uye ine akati wandei terracotta zvivezwa.

Mukati meKathedral weSeville

Cathedral yakakura kwazvo pasirese yakagovaniswa mumanave mashanu pasina apse kana ambulatory, zvirinani mupfungwa yakasimba. Nekuti chirimwa chayo chine rectangular, ine zviyero zve 116 metres kureba ne 76 yakafara. Pakati nave yakareba kupfuura mamwe uye inosanganisira zvimwe zvivakwa zviviri: the kwaya, nenhengo dzayo huru, uye Main Chapel trellised Iyo yekupedzisira iri muRenaissance maitiro uye aritari yayo ishongedzo yeunyanzvi maunogona kuona kuvezwa kweiyo. Mhandara yeMukuru yakanyorwa muzana remakore rechigumi nematatu. Saizvozvowo, chivezwa chaKristu akarovererwa, chinova chiGothic, chinomira pachena mukereke iyi.

Kune rimwe divi, kathedhi reSevillian inogara mamwe machapel mazhinji. Pakati pavo uye semuenzaniso, tichataura zvakakosha Alabaster Chapels, inodaidzwa nekuti inogadzirwa nechinhu ichi uye nekuda kwe Diego de Riano y Juan Gil de Hontanon. Asi zvakare iyo Chapel of the Incarnation, izvo zve Mutsvene Gregory, izvo zve San Pedro kana the Marshal's.

Chimwe chinhu chinobata kutarisisa kwako mucathedral yakakura kwazvo pasirese girazi rayo rakanaka rakasvibiswa. Iine anopfuura makumi masere, yakasikwa pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nemana nemakumi maviri. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nevatambi vane mukurumbira se Arno weFlanders, Henry German o Vincent Menardo.

Iyo Cathedral Treasury

Pakupedzisira, tichakuudza nezve Cathedral Treasury, iyo iwe yaunogona kuona ichiratidzwa mumakamuri akati wandei. Inosanganisira akawanda mapendi, tapestries uye relics. Pakati pekare, pane mabasa evatambi vane mukurumbira se Pacheco, Zurbana, Murillo o Valdes Leal. Asi, pamusoro pezvikamu zvayo zvose, kubwinya kwe Kuchengetwa kweArfe, ine miviri yayo mishanu uye yakashongedzwa korona nechifananidzo cheKutenda uye ne candelabrum inoyevedza yebhuronzi kana kusuwa kureba kupfuura mamita manomwe.

Saizvozvowo, ine midziyo inoera, michinjikwa, reliquaries, madhirezi echitendero uye maatari madiki. Iyo inotova nezvidimbu zvine chekuita nekukundwa kweSeville na Ferdinand III muSanto. Pakati pazvo, munondo wake, nomureza wake, namakiyi eguta.

Mukupedzisa, takuratidza iyo cathedral yakakura kwazvo munyika. Asi isu takakuudza zvakare nezve Basilica yeSan Pedro, iyo inoipfuura muhukuru. Uye, kuti tipedze, tinoda kutaura mamwe matembere echiKristu makuru ayo anozovhenekera iwe nehukuru hwavo uye runako. Tinotaura pamusoro pezvinoshamisa Burgos cathedral, ine 12 276 square metres; wepa Basilica yeMukadzi Wedu weAparecida, munharaunda yeSão Paulo (Brazil), ine 12 000; wepa Cathedral yeSaint John the Divine, in New York, ine 11 square metres uye ine mukurumbira Duomo yeMilan, inopfuura 11 square metres.