Samarkand nderimwe remaguta makuru e Uzbekistan, imwe yenyika dzakaberekwa mushure mekudonha kwe Soviet Union. Nekudaro, nhoroondo yayo inodzokera kumashure mazana emakore mazhinji, kunyanya ku VII BC.
Akaziviswa Nhaka Yenyika, Samarkand inoita kuti tifunge nezvezviitiko zve 'Husiku hweArabia' yemufananidzo wayo unonakidza weAsia. Asi, pamusoro pazvose, nekuti raive guta guru rehumambo hwengano hwe Tamerlane, mukundi mukuru wekupedzisira weMongolia, ndima yakatambanuka kubva India kuenda kuTurkey. Uye zvakare nekuti yaive imwe yenzvimbo dzekufamba kweasina kushomeka enganonyorwa Nzira yeSirik, iyo yaibatanidza China nekumaodzanyemba kweEurope. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve Samarkand, tinokukoka iwe kuti utitevere.
Chii chekuona muSamarkand
Ine vagari vangangoita hafu yemiriyoni nhasi, zvese zviri muSamarkand zvinotiyeuchidza nezvezvakanaka zvekare. Misikiti yerunako runoshamisa, mausoleums anoyevedza uye kuda kuziva zvakaita seUlugh Beg Observatory zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunogona kuona muguta. Ngatizivanei navo.
Registan
Iri izita remahombekombe makuru akavakirwa Samarkand. Mariri, madzimambo aiziviswa, asi chakanyanya kunaka madrasa matatu anozvigadzira Sezvamunoziva, zvikoro zvinodzidziswa zveIslam pamwe nekushandira senzvimbo dzekunamatira zvinopihwa mazita mushure meizvi.
Iwo aunogona kuona muRegistan ndiwo Ulugh Beg madrasa, yakavakwa muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX; iyo naSherdar, mufananidzo weiyo yapfuura kubva muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, uye iyo naTilla-Kari. Yakavakwa neese kwoumbozha, iwo muenzaniso wakanaka weiyo islamic architecture.
Bibi Khanum Mosque
Iyo Bibi Khanum mosque, imwe yeinoshamisa kwazvo muSamarkand
Nekudaro, chimwe chezvivakwa zvinoyevedza nerunako rwayo nekukura kwacho ndeye Mosque weBibi Khanum, ane saizi yake iwe yaunowana pfungwa kana tikakuudza kuti musuwo mukuru unoyera. mamita makumi matatu neshanu. Yakanga iine maina mina uye chivanze chikuru chepakati chakavezwa nemazana mana machena machena macolamu akapedzwa mudzimba.
Senge kuti zvese izvi zvaive zvisina kukwana, pane yakanaka leyenda izvo zvine chekuita nekuvakwa kwayo. Izvi zvinoti yakavakwa nekuraira kwaBibi Khanum, mukadzi waTamerlane. Mukuita uku, mugadziri akawira murudo naye uye akamisa mabasa kusvikira amutsvoda. Sezviri pachena, kutsvoda kwakasiya mucherechedzo pamukadzi wamambo, izvo zvakaita kuti azive zvakaitika. Akatsvaga mugadziri munzvimbo dzake dzese kuti vamuuraye, asi anga atofa, kunyangwe aive ambopedza mosque. Pedyo naye ndipo paine Bibi Khanum mausoleum.
Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum
Zvisinei, iyo inoshamisa mausoleum muSamarkand ndeya Gur-e-Amir, zvinoreva chaizvo "Guva ramambo". Uye ndiko kuti akavigwa maari Tamerlane. Iyo yakaenzana octagonal muchimiro asi yakapfekedzwa korona nedome hombe. Iyo yakachengetedzwa chaizvo uye inonzi yakashanda semuenzaniso wemamwe makuva makuru senge Taj Mahal yeAgra.
Iyo Shan-i-Zinda necropolis
Iyo inonakidza yemariro yakaoma yakaumbwa ne matemberi y anenge makumi maviri mausoleums umo makavigwa vamwe vevanonyanya kukosha veimba yedzinza raTimurid, yakatangwa naTamerlane pachake. Zvinotonzi akavigwa imomo Qusam ibn Abbas, hama yemuporofita Muhammad akaunza Islam kunzvimbo idzi.
Iyo Ulugh Beg Inotarisa
Takambotaura nezvehunhu uhu kwauri kare. Aive muzukuru waTamerlane uye, pamusoro pekuve iye mutongi wenzvimbo iyi, aive mukuru nyeredzi. Zvokuti mukurumbira wake wakatozosvika kuEurope. Kuma 1420 akaraira kuvakwa kwenzvimbo huru yekutarisa yaisanganisira a yakakura sextant nhatu nhatu dzakakwirira kuti uwane chaiyo chaiyo nyeredzi.
Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum
Kunyangwe ichi chitarisiko chakaparadzwa muna 1449, zvisaririra zvaro zvakafukunurwa pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri uye nhasi uno miziyamu uko kwaunogona kutoona yakakurumbira sextant.
Nzvimbo yekuchera matongo yeAfrasiab
Afrasiab ndiro raitungamira guta reSamarkand. Yakavambwa, sezvatakakuudza kare, muzana ramakore rechinomwe BC, yakatumidzwa zita mukuremekedza mambo akaivaka. Iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweSamarkand uye zvisaririra zvinowanikwa panzvimbo ino zviri mu Afrasiab Museum.
Pakati pavo, pane vamwe vanoda kuziva se chekare chess zvidimbu pasi uye dzakasiyana siyana mifananidzo yemadziro. Iyo inogarawo iyo inofungidzirwa guva remuporofita Danieri, yakakura sarcophagus inoyera gumi nemasere metres. Iyo yakakura kwazvo nekuti, sekureva kwengano, mugari wayo anokura padiki gore rimwe nerimwe.
Bazaar weSiyob
Kumwe kwekushanya kwaunofanirwa kuita muSamarkand ndiko kwazviri bazaars. Chikuru ndeicho che kweteb, iyo iri padyo padyo nemusikiti weBibi Khanum. Ino inzvimbo yakakwana yekuti iwe uedze zvakajairika zvigadzirwa zenzvimbo semazuva, nzungu kana izvo zvinonzi samarkand chingwa. Unogona kunyange kunhuhwira ndiro senge plov, mupunga wakagadzirwa nenyama, zvinonhuwira, zvihuta mazai, nhova, mazambiringa akaomeswa uye makarotsi; iyo shasliks, mhando yenyama skewers, kana iyo gummas, miriwo patties uye nezvimwe zvinwiwa.
Ndeipi nguva yakanakisa yekufamba kuenda kuSamarkand
Guta reUzbekistan rinopa a Mamiriro ekunze eMediterranean. Nguva yechando inotonhora uye zhizha rinopisa zvakanyanya, nemazuva anogona kudarika madhiri makumi mana tembiricha. Kune chikamu chayo, kunaya kuri kushoma. Zvese izvi zvinoita kuti tikukurudzire kuti ufambe kuenda kuSamarkand mukati primavera. Mamiriro ekunze anonakidza uye hapana kushanya kwakanyanya senge muzhizha.
Ungasvika sei kuSamarkand
Guta rine International Airport. Nekudaro, iyo inongogashira ndege kubva kunyika dzakavakidzana seRussia kana Turkey. Naizvozvo, nzira yakanakisa yekusvika kuSamarkand ndeye njanji. Kubva kuTashkent, guta guru reUzbekistan, une mutsindo wepamhanho unozivikanwa se afrosoiyob.
Ulugh Beg Kutarisa
Iwe unogona zvakare kuita iyo nzira mukati bhazi, asi zvinotora anenge maawa matanhatu saka hatikurudzire. Pane imwe nguva muguta, nzira yakajairika yekukomberedza ndiyo iyo akagovana matekisi. Ivo zvakachipa zvakanyanya kunyangwe vaine mukana wekutadza kutanga vatoguta. Imwe sarudzo mafoni matrushkas, maveni anotakura anosvika vanhu gumi nevashanu uye ayo akadhura asiwo anononoka.
Mukupedzisa, Samarkand ndeye nzvimbo yakanaka yekufamba. Yakaziviswa Nzvimbo Yemagariro Enyika, mamamusiti ayo makuru uye mausoleums, mabazaare ayo uye ayo asingafungidzike kunhuhwirira kwekumabvazuva zvinokuendesa iwe kune inonakidza nyika ye 'Zviuru neUmwe Usiku'.