La kushanyira ku Abu Simbel tata kumaodzanyemba kweEjipitori Icho rwendo rwekutanga kana tichienda kuzororo kunyika ino. Icho chivakwa icho Ramses II akaraira kuti chivakwe uye icho chine rakakura mamiriro ekuchengetedza. Kuve mune imwe nzvimbo yakavanda nzvimbo, mafaro anoitwa kuti azvione chete.
Si urikuenda kuEjipitori ungangoda kuziva zvishoma ruzivo rweaya matembere ekare. Kune zvimwe zvido zvinonakidza. Uye zvakare, isu tinokuudza kuti ungasvika sei uye kuti kushanya kunoitika kutembere iyi kunowanzo kuve, nzvimbo yakakosha uye inofanirwa kuona munhu wese.
Nhoroondo ya Abu Simbel
Aya matembere ekare aive yakafukunurwa yakananga kubva padombo muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX BC. yeC., mukutonga kwaRamses II. Ichi chiyeuchidzo chakakumikidzwa kumukadzi waiyo pharao, Nefertari, kuratidza simba rake kuvanhu veNubian. Iyo Tembere Huru yaive zvakare yakatsaurirwa kunamato revamwari, vaRamses iye, nekuti vana pharao vaizviona ivo vamwari, vaAmun, Ra naPtah. Parutivi peava vamwari vatatu Ramses pachake anomiririrwa. Iyi ensemble yakavakwa kuti irangarire panguva imwecheteyo kurwa kweKadheshi kunorwa nemaHiti, maanoti anozvirumbidza nekukunda muhondo iyi. Izvo zvinoda kuziva kuti munyika mavo vaHiti vanozvirumbidza zvakafanana mumatembere avo. Mhedzisiro yacho chibvumirano cherunyararo pakati pevaviri. Kuvakwa kwetembere iyi inoshamisa kwakatanga muna 1284 BC. C. uye akazopera makore makumi maviri gare gare.
Este tembere hypogeum, tembere yemariro yakavezwa padombo kana pasi pevhu. Uye ndeimwe yevatanhatu inowanikwa mudunhu reNubian. Kunge chero tembere uye kuvaka, yaivewo nezvinangwa zvematongerwo enyika, nekuti yakaedza kufadza maNubian nekuvagonesa nezve kukosha kwechitendero chevaIjipita.
Nekufamba kwenguva chiyeuchidzo chakakanganikwa, uye jecha zvishoma nezvishoma rakafukidza zvifananidzo. Yakanga yakanganwika zvachose kusvika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, apo iyo Swiss Johann Ludwig Burckhardt uyo akazviwana. Nechekare muzana ramakore rechimakumi maviri basa rakaoma rakatanga kuponesa zviyeuchidzo zvaive munzvimbo ino uye zvakamhanyisa njodzi yekunyangarika pasi pemvura nekuda kwekuvakwa kwedziva reAswan. Tembere idzi dzakabviswa muzvivharo zvakatakurwa imwe neumwe kuchinja nzvimbo yadzo yepakutanga, mazana maviri emamita mberi kubva parwizi uye nezve 200 metres kumusoro. Ichi ndicho chivako chatinoziva nhasi, kunyangwe chisiri munzvimbo yekutanga. Icho chaive chikuru chirongwa cheinjiniya chakaunza nyanzvi kubva kumativi ese epasi vachishanda pasi peUNESCO.
Ungasvika sei kuna Abu Simbel
Nzvimbo huru ye Abu Simbel iri kumaodzanyemba kweEjipitori, mu nzvimbo yekumadokero kweLake Nasser, Makiromita mazana maviri nemakumi maviri kubva kuguta reAswan. Kana tichiita rwendo rwekuenda kuEgipite tinogona kuona kuti kune akawanda ma cruise anoenda kuguta reAswan, achipfuura nepadama. Aya ma cruise ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekusvika kuna Abu Simbel. Inosiya mangwanani kubva kuAswan kusvika panguva iyo isina kunyanya kupisa. Nzendo dzebhazi dzinoitwa. Pane dzakawanda nguva rwendo rwunoitwa uye husiku hunoshandiswa muzvivakwa zvevashanyi zviri padyo nenzvimbo ino.
Chii chaungaona muna Abu Simbel
Muchivako chikuru ichi tine tembere mbiri dzakasiyana, imwe yakatsaurirwa kuna vamwari vainamatwa panguva iyoyo pamwe naRamses II, vaionekwawo semwari. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se Huru Tembere uye ine 33-mita-yakakwirira facade yakafara mamita makumi matatu nemasere. Zvifananidzo zvakagara pachigaro cheushe. Petsoka dzezvifananidzo pane mamwe manhamba anomiririra Nefertari, mukadzi wa pharao, amai vahosi, kana vana vake. Mukati iwe unogona kuona makamuri ekuderera kureba, kusvikira iwe wasvika kune yekupedzisira, inova iyo nzvimbo tsvene.
Kunze kweiyo Tembere Huru ndiyo iyo Diki Tembere yakatsaurirwa kuna Nefertari, Mudzimai waFarao aidiwa kwazvo. Iyo façade ine zvifananidzo zvitanhatu zvakamira, zvina zveRamses uye zviviri zveNefertari. Chinhu chinodakadza nezve izvi zvifananidzo ndechekuti iwo akaenzana akaenzana, chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika, sezvo mukadzi aigara achimiririrwa mudiki. Izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kukuru kwemukadzi uyu kuna Ramses II. Iyi zvakare tembere yechipiri iyo pharao yakatsaurirwa kumukadzi wake. Yekutanga yakatsaurirwa naAkhenaten kuNefertiti.
Kuziva kwetembere
Iyo Tembere Huru yakavakwa nenzvimbo yakasarudzika. Zuva raive rakakosha kwazvo kumafarao. Ndokusaka kaviri pagore zuva rino rinopinda mukamuri huru ichivhenekera zvifananidzo zvaRamses, Ra naAmun. Izvi zvinoitika muna Kukadzi 21 na Gumiguru 19, zvinowirirana nezuva rekuzvarwa uye kugadzwa kwaharahara. Mwari Ptah, zvisinei, anogara achigara mumumvuri, sezvo ari mwari akabatana nepasi.