Pakati pemataundi eNazca nePalpa muPeru ndeimwe yezvakavanzika zvakavanzika zvekuchera matongo zvenguva dzese. Mune renje iri, imwe yeakaoma kwazvo pasi pano, pane seti yeguru geoglyphs inongoonekwa chete kubva kune imwe kureba, iyo inogadzira mhuka, vanhu uye geometric manhamba. Izvo zvakagadzirwa neiyo Nazca tsika pakati pa200 BC na600 AD uye kubvira vanochera matongo vakatanga kuzvidzidza mumaXNUMX, dzidziso zhinji pamusoro pekubva kwavo uye zvazvinoreva zvakabuda.
Mhedzisiro dzakasiyana pamusoro peNazca
Pakutanga, vanochera matongo vakafunga kuti iyo mitsara yeNazca yaingova nzira dzakareruka, asi nekufamba kwenguva dzimwe dzidziso dzakawana simba raibata izvo "Nzvimbo dzekunamatira" dzakagadzirwa kufadza mwari wekumusoro.
Nhasi tinoziva kuti vanhu veNazca vakagadzira ma geoglyphs nekubvisa matombo kubva kumusoro kuti jecha jecha riri pasi rionekwe. Uyezve, nekuda kwevaongorori vakati wandei vanobva kuYamagata University kuJapan tinoziva izvozvo pane mana akasiyana maumbirwo idzo dzinowanzo kuve dzakarongedzwa mumigwagwa dzakasiyana nedunhu rakafanana: pre-Inca guta reCahuachi Nhasi piramidhi rimwe chete rakaramba rakamira asi panguva yemasikati acho yaive yekutanga-chiyero nzvimbo yekufambira uye guta guru reNazca tsika.
Sekureva kwevanochera matongo veJapan, nhamba dzeNazca dzakavakwa nechero tsika mbiri zvakasiyana nematekinoroji akasiyana uye zviratidzo, zvinoonekwa mumageoglyfu anoteedzera nzira kubva kunharaunda yavo yekwavanobva kuguta reCahuachi.
Vakawanawo izvozvo iyo mifananidzo yakachinja zvakanyanya mudunhu riri padyo neNazca Valley uye nzira inoenda ichibva ikoko kuenda kuCahuachi. Munzvimbo iyoyo mune mutoo wakasiyana wemifananidzo, unoratidzwa pamusoro pese nekuratidzira zvisikwa zvisingawanzo uye nemisoro sekunge yaive mikombe. Boka rechitatu rema geoglyphs angangodaro akaumbwa nemapoka ese ari maviri anowanikwa munzvimbo yeNazca, nzvimbo iri pakati nepakati petsika mbiri.
Sekureva kwevanochera matongo veJapan kushandiswa kwenhamba dzeNazca kwaive kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva. Pakutanga ivo vakasikwa nekuda kwechikonzero chetsika, asi gare gare vakaiswa munzira inoenda kuCahuachi. Kupesana nezvinofungwa nevamwe, zviripachena kuti idzi nhamba hadzina kushandiswa kumaka nzira yekushanya, sezvo yaifanirwa kunge yatotemerwa, asi kusimudzira maonero, kuchipawo chirevo chetsika.
Nekudaro, anga ari akawanda vanhu vakaedza kupa mhinduro kune zvinoreva mitsara yeNazca uye kune dzidziso dzinoverengeka nezve kwayakatangira. Nyanzvi yemasvomhu María Reiche akafurira Paul Kosok nekuyedza fungidziro yekuti mifananidzo iyi yaive nedudziro yekuongorora nyeredzi. Nyanzvi dzekuchera matongo Reindel neIsla vakafukunura nzvimbo dzinopfuura mazana matanhatu nemakumi mashanu uye vakakwanisa kutsvaga nhoroondo yetsika inogadzira iyi mifananidzo. Kupihwa kwemvura kwaive kwakakosha mudunhu sezvo iri gwenga. Iwo madhirowa akaumba tsika yetsika ine chinangwa chinofanirwa kunge chaive chekusimudzira kukumbira kwevanamwari vemvura. Archaeologists vakawana tambo uye matanda ayo vanhu ava vakateedzera iwo madhirowa.
Muna 1968, munyori weSwitzerland Erich von Däniken akaburitsa bhuku rake 'Zviyeuchidzo zveRamangwana', maakataura kuti munguva dzekare munhu akabata vatorwa. Yaiva ipapo iyo iyo mitsara yeNazca yaibatanidzwa nerudzi urwu rwezvinhu zvakajairika nekutaura kuti vaishanda semabhururu ekusimudza zvikepe zvevatorwa.
Chii chinomiririrwa neNazca mitsara?
Mifananidzo yeNazca ndeyemhando dzakasiyana: kune ejometri uye ekufananidzira. Mukati meboka rezvidhori tinowana mifananidzo yemhuka: shiri dziri pakati pe259 kusvika 275 metres pakureba (hummingbirds, condors, herons, parrots ...) tsoko, madandaude, imbwa, iguana, dzvinyu uye nyoka.
Anenge ese madhirowa zvakagadzirwa panzvimbo yakati sandara uye kune vashoma chete pamateru emakomo. Anenge iwo ese manhamba anoiswa mavari anomiririra manhamba evanhu. Vamwe vakapfekedzwa korona netatu kana ina mitsara yakatwasuka iyo ingangomiririra minhenga yechishongedzo chemusoro (mamwe mammies ePeruvia aipfeka ngowani dzegoridhe neminhenga).
Iyo gakava razvino pakati peGreenpeace neNazca
Mitsetse yeNazca ipfuma yenyika yePeru. Dzinodzivirirwa zvakanyanya asi muna2014 chiito naGreenpeace chakakonzera kukuvara kusingagadzirisike munzvimbo iyi. Chinangwa chaive chekuisa meseji nemavara makuru anoonekwa chete kubva kudenga kuti, "Inguva yekuchinja! Remangwana rinowedzerwazve. Greenpeace. »
Chero tsoka inowira munzvimbo iyi, nekuda kwechinhu uye mamiriro emamiriro ekunze, inoratidzirwa nezviuru zvemakore uye chinhu chakakomba ndechekuti mukuita kudaro vakaparadza imwe yemitsara inooneka uye yakakosha munzvimbo iyi. Greenpeace yakaedza kukumbira ruregerero nekuda kwekukuvara kwetsika kwakakonzerwa nekuti Nazca inzvimbo inoera yevaPeruvia. Nekudaro, iyo chaiyo kukuvara kwakaitwa kune nzvimbo yakaziviswa muna 1994 seNzvimbo Yemagariro Enyika zvatove zvisingagadzirisike.