IMadrid inonxibelelwano lweemyuziyam ezingabanini bakamasipala apho ungafunda ngembali yesixeko, ukwenziwa kweenkwenkwezi, italente yeGoya okanye inkcubeko ye-Egypt yakudala ngaphandle kokuchitha i-euro enye kwaye utyale iintsuku ezininzi kutyelelo . Kwanele ukuchitha ixesha lethu elincinci kubo ukuchitha usuku olonwabisayo nolwahlukileyo. Ngaba ungahamba nathi?
Itempile yeDebod
Itempile yeDebod iye yaba yenye yeempawu zeMadrid. Ngaphakathi kwiimyuziyam zikamasipala yimeko eyodwa okokoko yakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX BC kwi-Nubian. Kuyo yonke inkulungwane ye-XNUMX, lo mmandla wawuza kuba yindawo yezokhenketho eyintandokazi kumanqanaba aphezulu entshona, iDebod yenye yeetempile ezazidla ngokundwendwelwa. Iiposikhadi, imizobo kunye nee-watercolors zelo xesha zisibonisa ukuba kwakunjani ngelo xesha kunye nokonakala okuqhubekayo okuye kwahlupheka ingakumbi kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane.
Ukulawula ukuhamba komNayile, ngo-1898 kwaqalwa idama kwiCataract yokuqala. Oku kunye nokuphakama kwawo kumashumi eminyaka alandelayo kuya kuba nefuthe elimangalisayo kwiindawo zezinto zakudala kunye neetempile zaseNubian, ezinye zazo ezazigqitywa kukuntywila emanzini.
Itempile yeDebod yayiyenye yeyokuqala ukuhlangulwa ngehlobo lowe-1960, nangona yayingezizo zonke izinto eziyilayo. Iibhloko zokuqala zeziseko, intsalela yethala kunye nendlela yokungena ilahlekile. Endaweni yoko, ii-ashlars zayo zafakwa e-Aswan kwi-Elephantine Island. Bahlala apho ishumi leminyaka kunye nezinye iitempile ezihlanguliweyo zilinde ukushiya indawo yabo entsha.
Ngo-1964, urhulumente wase-Spain wacela ngokusesikweni itempile kaDebod kummeli wase-Egypt njengomnikelo, enegalelo kwiphulo lokuhlangula kwizikhumbuzo zaseNubiya nakwimishini yokumbiwa kwezinto zakudala eyayimiselwe, phakathi kuka-1960 no-1965, ukuya kwikhatharathi yesibini. Ngo-1967 isicelo samkelwa kwaye kunyaka olandelayo itempile yanikezelwa kuRhulumente waseSpain. Ngale ndlela, iqela laseSpain laya e-Egypt ukuyophatha itempile kwaye phakathi kuka-Juni 20 no-28, iibhokisi ezili-1350 ezazinamatye etempile zafika eMadrid, ezazifakwe kwiNtaba iPrince Pio apho zazifunyenwe ngaphambili KwiiNtaba zeentaba. Wakuba ugqityiwe umsebenzi wendibano, uluntu lwalukwazi ukufikelela kuwo kwaye luyonwabele eli litye lakudala.
Ukungena kwiNdlu yeDebod simahla. Ngaphakathi undwendwe lunokufumana ulwazi malunga neentsomi zase-Egypt kunye noluntu, kunye neenkcazo ezinomdla malunga neehieroglyphs. Kumgangatho ophezulu kukho imodeli apho unokubona zonke iitempile ezaziseNubia. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, inomdla kakhulu.
IMyuziyam yeMbali yaseMadrid
Ifunyenwe kwi-Hospicio de San Fernando ngexesha lolawulo luka-Felipe V embindini wesitalato i-Fuencarral, Imyuziyam yeMbali yaseMadrid yakhiwa ngumzobi uPedro de Ribera ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Owona mnyango uphambili, othathelwa ingqalelo njengeyona mizekelo mihle yeSpeyin Baroque, ubetha ngokukodwa.
Ngomnyaka we-1926 uMbutho waseSpain wabahlobo bobuGcisa uthathe isigqibo sokuququzelela umboniso malunga neMadrid yakudala kwaye isakhiwo sabuyiselwa kwimeko leyo liBhunga lesiXeko. Umboniso ube yimpumelelo kangangokuba kwagqitywa ekubeni kunikezelwe ngezixhobo ekudaleni iMyuziyam kaMasipala eyathi yamiselwa kwiminyaka emithathu kamva. Okwangoku, iMyuziyam yezeMbali ibonisa izinto ezingaphezu kwe-60.000 ezinxulumene nesixeko kunye neempawu ezahlukileyo. Ineengqokelela zeeprint, imizobo, imizobo, iifoto, iiposikhadi, iikhathuni, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, iifeni, iingqekembe, izixhobo, ifanitshala, iimbasa kunye nabakhandi begolide.
Phakathi kwezona ndawo zimelweyo ziiAllegory zeVilla yaseMadrid nguFrancisco de Goya, ingqokelela ye-porcelain yaseBuen Retiro, iNtombikazi eneSan Fernando nguLuca Giordano, iseti yendlu kaMesonero Romanos, ingqokelela yeemaphu kunye neefoto. izinto zembali okanye izinto ezivela kwigcisa likaGutiérrez Solana, phakathi kwabanye. Kwelinye icala, ngaphakathi kwiMyuziyam yeMbali yaseMadrid sinokufumana i-chapel ebamba inkqubo yenkcubeko enomdla apho iikonsathi kunye neenkomfa zigcwele khona.
Ngokungena simahla kwiMyuziyam yeMbali yaseMadrid sinokubona ukuphuhliswa kwekomkhulu laseSpain ukusuka kwimbali yokuqala ukuya kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. ngemizobo yakhe, iimodeli, imizobo, iikhathuni kunye neeposile.
IMadrid Planetarium
Ukujonga isibhakabhaka kunye nokumangaliswa kweenkwenkwezi sesinye sezona zicwangciso zibalaseleyo ezinokwenziwa eMadrid, ngakumbi ukuba sinomdla nge-astronomy. Yasungulwa ngo-1986, esi sithuba sifuna ukusasazwa kwesayensi kunye neenkwenkwezi phakathi koluntu kuyo yonke iminyaka. Ukulungiselela le nto, inoluhlu olubanzi lwemiboniso, imisebenzi, iikhosi, ukubonwa koluntu kunye noomasifundisane bokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa.
IPlanetarium yaseMadrid kutsha nje iphehlelele inqanaba elitsha elibonakaliswe kukuhlaziywa kwamaziko alo, igumbi elitsha lokuqikelela, imyuziyam entsha kunye nomxholo omtsha owongeze utyalomali lwe-4,2 yezigidi zeerandi, apho iLa Caixa Foundation yathatha inxaxheba.
Ukutyelela imiboniso yePlanethi kuye simahla, nangona ukufikelela kwiscreen kufuneka ubhatale i-3,60 euro ngomntu omdala kunye ne-1,65 euro yabantu abathathe umhlala-phantsi kunye nabo bangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesine ubudala.
IHermitage yaseSan Antonio de la Florida
Ukunikezelwa kweSan Antonio de Padua, i-hermitage yaseSan Antonio yadilizwa yaza yakhiwa de kwaba kathathu. Ukutyhubela inkulungwane ye-XNUMX, uhlengahlengiso lwedolophu lwanyanzela eyokuqala (umsebenzi kaChurriguera) ukuba idilizwe kuze kutshintshwe enye (umsebenzi weSabatini) oya kuthi endaweni yayo uthathe indawo yesithathu, ecacileyo.
Ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokugqibela kwakubangelwe yimisebenzi yebhotwe elitsha laseLa Florida, indawo enkulu engasasebenziyo, ephethwe nguKumkani uCarlos IV owanika le ndlu igama layo. Ngokomyalelo wenkosi, umakhi wezakhiwo uFelipe Fontana wakha itempile entsha kwaye uFrancisco de Goya wayihombisa ngemifanekiso yakhe exabisekileyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ulondolozo lwepeyinti, isakhiwo sabhengezwa njengeSikhumbuzo seSizwe ngo-1905 kwaye kamva, ngo-1928, kwakhiwa i-twel chapel ecaleni kwaso ukuhambisa inkolo kunye nokugcina eyokuqala njengemyuziyam. Ngelo xesha, i-chapel yantlandlolo yaba ngunozala ka-Goya kuba ngo-1919 isidumbu sakhe sagqithiselwa kuso sivela eBordeaux (eFrance) apho wasweleka khona ngo-1828.
Ukuzinikela eSan Antonio kwiibhanki zeManzanares kunye nokubhiyozela uhambo olukujikelezileyo kuyenza inxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nesiko elidumileyo lesixeko. Ukungena kwi-hermitage yeSan Antonio de la Florida kukhululekile.
UkuPrinta kukaMasipala-ubuGcisa beeNcwadi
Umasipala wase-Imprenta -Artes del Libro wazalwa ngo-2011 ukubonelela ngeMadrilenians kunye neendwendwe umxholo onomdla wenkcubeko odityaniswe nembali yeencwadi kunye nokuprinta.
Ingqokelela yayo yenziwe ngaphezulu kwama-3.000 amaqhekeza obugcisa bemizobo kwiinkulungwane ezimbini ezidlulileyo. Phakathi kobuncwane bayo kukho umatshini we-Planeta letterpress ukusukela ngo-1913, ukuveliswa kwakhona komatshini wokuprinta wenkulungwane ye-1789, isiseko sohlobo lweBauer okanye umatshini wokushicilela osuka ku-XNUMX.
Kwi-2018, iimali zeOfisi kaMasipala yokuPrinta- ubuGcisa beeNcwadi kulindeleke ukuba ziphindaphindwe ngeshumi ngenxa yokuthengwa kutshanje kweyona qoqo ibalulekileyo yobugcisa bemizobo: ingqokelela yeDel Olmo kunye neVilas, eyenziwe ngaphezulu kwamaqhekeza angama-70.000 ukusuka ngomhla we-XNUMX kwinkulungwane ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Ukongeza, undwendwe lunokucinga kwi-Ofisi kaMasipala yokuPrinta umsebenzi weeworkshops zobungcali apho kunikezelwa khona iinkonzo zokubopha iincwadi., ukubuyiselwa kwamaxwebhu kunye nohlelo kupapasho lwebhunga lesixeko saseMadrid kunye nomboniso osisigxina, owawunesihloko esithi Umatshini wokushicilela kunye nencwadi: imbali. Ukungena kwiOfisi yokuPrinta kaMasipala- ubuGcisa beeNcwadi simahla