Phambi kwamawa eMaro naseluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuLwandle iAlboran, akukho nto ibonisa ukuba phantsi kwentaba yenye yemiqolomba ebabazekayo eSpain: leyo yeNerja. Zaye zafunyanwa ngo-1960 kwaye ziyinxalenye yelifa lemveli leli lizwe, zibhengezwa njengeNdawo yeNkcubeko enomdla, nto leyo ebenza babe yindawo enomdla kakhulu ukuba bayindwendwele.
Ukuba awuzange uve ngemiqolomba yeNerja ngaphambili, awungekhe uphuthelwe yiposti elandelayo. Siza kuthatha ukhenketho olufutshane lwalo mmangaliso wendalo uya kukukhuthaza ukuba undwendwele.
Imbali yemiqolomba yeNerja
Ngenxa yegumbi labo elikhulu lendalo eligutyungelwe zii-stalactites, imiqolomba yeNerja ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Natural Cathedral yaseMalaga. Bafunyanwa ngeyoMqungu ngo-1959, xa iqela lolutsha lalihamba emaphandleni likhangela izilwanyana zasebusuku kwaye zafumana lo mmangaliso wendalo owenziwe ziigalari ezintathu: iigalari eziphakamileyo, iigalari ezisezantsi kunye neegalari ezintsha.
Umfanekiso | Uhambo lweAndalusia
Amanqanaba emiqolomba yeNerja
Iigalari ezisezantsi zahlulwe zangamanqanaba amabini kwaye yayiyeyona ndawo ifikelelekayo kwabahlali bokuqala bomqolomba kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. KUNYEInqanaba eliphezulu lalinikezelwe kubomi bemihla ngemihla: ukupheka ukutya kunye nokulungiswa kwayo, indawo yokuhlala yemfuyo, ukwenza izinto zeekheram, njl. Kwinqanaba elisezantsi, kufunyenwe ukuba le ndawo yayisetyenziselwa ukungcwaba kunye neempahla ezingcwaba kunye nokwenza amasiko kunye nokuzilolonga ngokomoya.
Iigalari eziphakamileyo nezintsha azifikeleleki eluntwini njengoko ziyindawo yokufunda ye-archaeologists, i-biologists kunye nejoloji. Nangona kunjalo, kuwo omabini amanqanaba eegalari ezisezantsi sinokubona ukuba imbali yejoloji kunye nejografi yale ndawo ibonakaliswe njani emiqolombeni kwizigidi zeminyaka.
Uninzi lwabantu abatyelele emiqolombeni yaseNerja bachaze ukuba eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kutyelelo lwabo yayikukuthula okwakunanditshwayo kukuhamba phakathi kwezibilini zayo, kuphazanyiswa kuphela kukuvuza kwamanzi kuluhlu oluthile lokuhluza.
Umqolomba ufana nencwadi ethi, xa siyifunda, ityhile iziganeko ezenzeka ekuqaleni kwexesha. Kubonakala ngathi abanasiphelo, kwaye kuphela iipesenti ezingama-30 zolwandiso lwabo lulonke zifunyenwe!
Umfanekiso | Ilizwe
Yintoni ongayibona emiqolombeni yeNerja?
Imiqolomba yakwaNerja inemizobo emi-600 emiqolombeni evela kwi-Upper Palaeolithic nakwimbali yokuqala yakutshanje, nangona kungenxa yezizathu zolondolozo ezingenakutyelelwa.
Kwimingxunya unokuqaqambisa ubume obumangalisayo be-speleothems yazo ejikeleze umngxuma ukusuka eluphahleni, emgangathweni okanye ezindongeni. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-stalactites, i-stalagmites, iikholamu, i-macaroni okanye i-gours.
Igumbi leCataclysm lelona linomtsalane. Apha singanethuba elihle lokujonga ikholamu yayo esembindini ithathelwe ingqalelo yeyona kholamu inkulu yomhlaba, eneemitha ezingama-34 ukuphakama kunye no-18 ububanzi, kwaye apho sibona iziphumo zenyikima eyenzeka ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-800.000 eyadlulayo eyadala amatye amakhulu ukuba aqhekeke kwiindawo eziphakamileyo aze awe emhlabeni.
Elinye igumbi elimangalisayo lelo leMimoya, kuba kuyo unemibono emihle yemiqolomba kunye nokuma kwayo okumangalisayo.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuhluzwa kwamanzi kwakuphezulu kakhulu kunamhlanje, kodwa nangona kunjalo umqolomba usaphila kwaye i-stalactites kunye ne-stalagmites ziyaqhubeka nokwenza, nangona zicotha kakhulu. Oku kuvuza akubonakali lula kodwa ukuba ujonga kunokwenzeka ukuba ubone amanzi.
Iingcebiso malunga notyelelo
Kungcono ukuthenga amatikiti kwangaphambili kuba ukusukela ngoMeyi ukuya ku-Okthobha bathengisa kwibhokisi yeofisi ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukunxiba izihlangu ezikhululekileyo ezingatyibilikiyo kuba ezinye iindawo zinamanzi avuzayo kwaye umgangatho ungatyibilika. Ubushushu bomqolomba bujikeleze i-20ºC, kuyimfuneko ukunxiba iimpahla ezifudumeleyo, nangona iyinto esinokuzogquma ngayo xa siziva sibanda.
Umfanekiso | IABC
Nerja emiqolombeni iiyure
Imiqolomba yeNerja ivuliwe unyaka wonke ngaphandle kukaJanuwari 1 noMeyi 15 ukubhiyozela ukuHamba ngeSil Isidro, ingcwele yabaxhasi yamafama.
Iiyure eziqhelekileyo zemiqolomba yeNerja zivela nge-9: 30 kusasa ukuya nge-15: 30 emva kwemini. Ngexesha lePasika kunye neenyanga zikaJulayi nango-Agasti zivula ukusuka ngo-9: 30 kusasa ukuya ku-18: 00 emva kwemini.
Amatikiti amaxabiso emiqolombeni yeNerja
Utyelelo lwemiqolomba yeNerja luqulathe uqikelelo lwee-audiovisual, kunye notyelelo olukhokelwayo kwigalari yabakhenkethi edlula kwigumbi ngalinye.
Ixabiso lokwamkelwa emiqolombeni yeNerja yi- € 10 yabantu abadala, i- € 6 yabantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala kwaye simahla kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6.
IMyuziyam yaseNerja Caves
Imyuziyam ibonelela ngomboniso wemultimedia kunye nohambo ngembali yaseNerja apho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezindala ezivela kumaxesha angaphambi kokubhalwa kwembali ziboniswa. Ukongeza, siza kuva ubungqina bokuzivelela kukaNerja kwezokhenketho kwiminyaka ye-60s emva kokufunyanwa kwemiqolomba nolwandle lwaseNerja kunye nezinye izinto.
IMyuziyam yaseNerja Caves ibekwe ePlaza de España eNerja inombolo 4.
Iiyure zeMyuziyam
Iiyure eziqhelekileyo zokundwendwela ziqala ngo-09: 30 ukuya ku-16: 30. NgePasika kunye neenyanga zikaJulayi neAgasti, iMyuziyam yaseNerja Caves ivula ngo-09: 30 ukuya ku-19: 00.
Ixabiso leMyuziyam
Ukwamkelwa yi- € 4 yabantu abadala, ii- € 2 zabantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala kwaye simahla kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala.