Umsebenzi wezakhiwo ezibalaseleyo zala maxesha u-Antonio Gaudí unxibelelene ngokusondeleyo neBarcelona. Ngesi sizathu, xa sithetha ngalo mzobi sikhumbula ngokukhawuleza iPark Güell enomtsalane, i-Sagrada Familia eyimbonakalo okanye izindlu zayo zala maxesha. Nangona kunjalo, uGaudí washiya imisebenzi emithathu ngaphandle kweCatalonia: iiCasa Botines, iCapricho de Comillas kunye ne-Episcopal Palace yase-Astorga. Ngokulinganayo intle kodwa ayaziwa kakuhle.
IiCasa Botines ziya kuvula iingcango zalo kuluntu ukusuka nge-23 ka-Epreli emva komsebenzi wokuvuselela. Oku kuvulwa kuya kunika ithuba lokufikelela kwisakhiwo sonke, ikomkhulu langoku leFundación España Duero, into engazange yenzeke ngaphambili kwimbali yayo yeminyaka eli-125. Ke ngoko, ukuba ucwangcisa ukubaleka eLeón, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele ngokwakho lo mmangaliso wokwakha kunye nesitampu sika-Antonio Gaudí.
Imbali yeCasa Botines
Umzobi odumileyo waseCatalan wayegqibezela i-Episcopal House yase-Astorga xa u-Eusebi Güell, umxhasi wakhe kunye nomhlobo wakhe, bacebisa oosomashishini bezambatho bakaLeon ukuba bafuna umntu oza kwakha ikomkhulu lenkampani yabo, indawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokugcina izinto, embindini we Ingonyama.
UGaudí wayila ibhotwe eliphefumlelweyo lamaxesha aphakathi apho wongeza khona amanqaku amaninzi kwisitayile seNeo-Gothic. Indlu yeeBhotile yaxhotyiswa ngemigangatho emine, kwigumbi elingaphantsi nakwigumbi eliphezulu. Wabeka izindlu zabanini kumgangatho wokuqala kwaye abanye baya kurenta. Uye wagcina nomgangatho osezantsi weeofisi kwaye amagumbi angaphantsi aya kusetyenziswa njengeziko lokugcina iimpahla lenkampani eyolukiweyo.
UGaudí wayefuna ukushiya uphawu lwakhe ngokongeza kwiikona ezine zeesilinda ezakhiwe ngeentsika, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Saint George kunye nenamba, kunye nomjelo okhuselwe ngocingo lwentsimbi.
Imisebenzi yaqala ngo-1892 emva kokoyisa uthotho lweempikiswano nebhunga lesixeko saseLeón kwaye iiCasa Botines zagqitywa kwisithuba esingaphantsi konyaka ukumangaliswa kwabo bonke. Isantya esigqitywe ngaso isakhiwo siza kuzisa impikiswano njengoko kusasazwa amarhe okuba awuzange wakheke kakuhle kwaye uzakuphela usiwa.
Le ngqungquthela yamcaphukisa uGaudí ngenxa yokuba wayengumqambi wezinga lokuqala kunye nodumo lwakhe lungonakaliswa. Inyani yile yokuba kulwakhiwo lweNdlu yeBhotile wasebenzisa iindlela ezintsha kakhulu zokwakha ezinje ngeziseko zodongwe. Uye walilungisa ibhotwe kwimozulu ebandayo kaLeon esebenzisa iindonga zelitye elingqingqwa kwaye wandise ukukhanya kwangaphakathi ngeefestile ezinkulu zeNeo-Gothic kunye nesibhakabhaka.
Ukuphelisa la marhe akhankanyiweyo ngasentla, u-Antonio Gaudí wathumela ingxelo yobuchwephesha kwaye iinjineli azifumananga ngxaki. Yintoni eboniswe ngokuhlala umile amashumi eminyaka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Ukubaluleka kweenkcukacha
Ekwakheni iiCasa Botines, u-Antonio Gaudí wafunda izikhumbuzo ezahlukeneyo zedolophu ukuze adibanise umsebenzi wakhe nazo. I-cathedral yaseLeón yathonya kakhulu umakhi obeka i-limestone ashlars ngaphandle, iifestile ezinamatye kunye nesilayidi eluphahleni kwisitayela seLeonese kwaye wanika ingaphakathi neempawu zeBarcelonan ezikhoyo emsebenzini wakhe.
Ukuvula kuluntu
Ngo-1931 iCaja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad de León yasifumana esi sakhiwo. Yabhengezwa njengeSikhumbuzo seMbali ngo-1969, kwaye ngo-1994 kwabakho ukubuyiselwa ngokutsha. Umgangatho osezantsi wesakhiwo uhlala usetyenziswa njengendawo yokubonisa. Ngoku ivula imigangatho emithathu apho izakubonisa khona inxalenye yamaqhekeza angama-5.000 XNUMX anayo, kubandakanya imizobo eyenziwe yiCasas, Sorolla, Madrazo okanye iTàpies. Kwinqanaba elizayo, uya kuvula okuseleyo ngokuzonwabisa kwevenkile yamalaphu kunye nezinye zezindlu. Ngale nto banethemba lokufumana umvuzo obavumela ukuba bakwazi ukuzanelisa. Ukongeza, iya kuba yindawo yabakhenkethi entsha yokundwendwela eLeón.
Iminqweno yeCasa Botines
Isimboli yengonyama
Emnyango wefadade ephambili, uGaudí wabeka ingonyama yentsimbi, uphawu lwesixeko, kwaye ngaphezulu kwayo umfanekiso oqingqiweyo welitye lika-Saint George kunye nenamba njengerhafu kwilizwe lakhe laseCatalonia.
Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kasanta george
Kwi-facade yeCasa Botines sifumana umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Saint George, umgcini we-Catalonia kunye ne-Aragon. Lo mfanekiso ukwazile ukugxekwa eLeón, kuba yaphule imifanekiso yezobugcisa yendabuko ka-Saint George. Ukubumba kwale Saint George kwenziwa ngqo kumqingqi uLorenzo Matamala Pinyol kwaye inamba yayifana kakhulu naleyo yayisele isetyenzisiwe kwiSagrada Familia.
Ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubuyisela ngo-1950, abasebenzi bafumanisa ityhubhu ekhokelayo ngaphakathi komfanekiso oqingqiweyo, ngaphakathi apho yayizizicwangciso zokuqala zesakhiwo esityikitywe nguGaudí, isivumelwano sepropathi, iimali zemali, isatifikethi sokugqitywa kwemisebenzi kunye nokusikwa kwamaphephandaba ngelo xesha.
Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Antonio Gaudí
Phambi kweCasa de Botines ungasibona isakhiwo sihleli ecaleni komakhi waso. Ngumfanekiso wobhedu owenziwe nguJosé Luis Fernández, obonisa uGaudí ehleli ezolile kwaye ebhala amanqaku. Ngexesha lotyelelo eCasa Botines de León, uhleli ebhentshini kwaye uthatha ifoto noGaudí yinto ekufuneka yenziwe ngabakhenkethi bonke.