Nangona iGrisi inezinto ezininzi ezinomtsalane, akukho nto ithelekiswa nokundwendwela iAcropolis yaseAthene. Yindawo eyodwa ehlabathini, ukuba ibe sisiseko sempucuko yaseNtshona nangenxa yobuchule bayo bokwakha, ubugcisa nenkcubeko.
Ukuququzelela utyelelo kwi-Acropolis yasentsomini yaseAthene, kunokuvela amathandabuzo amaninzi, kodwa kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kuzama ukukunika ulwazi olubanzi ukuze ubacacisele: yintoni, yintoni ongayibona, indlela yokufika khona, amaxabiso ... kufundwa!
Imbali yeAcropolis yaseAthene
IAcropolis yaseAthene yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yezinto zakudala eGrisi kwaye ibekwe phezulu kwinduli embindini weAthene yanamhlanje.
Ngexesha leklasikhi, iAcropolis yayiquka kuphela iitempile kunye neendawo zikawonkewonke kodwa yayihlala kumanqanaba angaphambili. Ngokutsho kweengcali, induli yase-Acropolis yayiya kuhlala abantu ukusukela ngewaka lesithathu BC
Izikhumbuzo eziphambili zeAcropolis yaseAthene ezigcinwe namhlanje zezaseAthene Golden Age ekwabizwa ngokuba yiPericlean Century, (480 - 404 BC).
Iitempile ezintathu ezibalaseleyo ezakhiwe ngemabhile zezeli xesha: iParthenon, i-Erechtheion kunye netempile ka-Athena Nike.
Zonke izikhumbuzo ze-Acropolis zisinde kwiinkulungwane ezingama-20 ukuya kwimililo, iinyikima, iimfazwe nokuphanga. Ukubonakala kwayo ngoku Imbonakalo yangoku ingenxa yokubuyiselwa okubalulekileyo okwenziwe embindini wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Umfanekiso | I-Pixabay
Yintoni ongayibona kwiAcropolis
Iqonga likaDionysus
Ithathelwa ingqalelo njengeqonga lokuqala emhlabeni kunye nelona likhulu kwiGrisi yakudala enesikhundla sababukeli abali-17.000. Isiseko sayo sabuyela kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-XNUMXth BC.
Njengomdla, ukutsho ukuba imisebenzi yokuqala eyenziwe ngu-Euripides, uSophocles, uAeschylus noAristophanes, phakathi kwabanye, yaqala apha.
Istoa seEumenes
Ngasekhohlo kweTheatre yaseDionysus siza kubona iStoa de Eumenes, indledlana evulekileyo eyazisa i-theatre nge-odeon esebenza njengendawo yokuhamba kunye neentlanganiso. Yakhuliswa ngekhulu lesi-163 BC. C. kwaye ubude be-XNUMX yeemitha.
Odeon kaHerode Atticus
Indlela ehamba ngokungqinelana neStoa ye-Eumenes ikhokelela ngqo kwi-Odeon kaHerode Atticus. Injongo yayo yayikukubamba imisitho yomculo kwaye ekuqaleni yayinombhalo. Yayalelwa ukuba yakhiwe ngummeli waseRoma uHerode Atticus ngo-161 AD
Namhlanje iyaqhubeka ukubamba iminyhadala eyahlukeneyo kwaye ijongeka imangalisa ngakumbi ngenxa yokwakhiwa ngokutsha okwenziwe embindini wenkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
IPropylaea
Ukusuka kwi-Odeon kaHerode Atticus isitepsi esikhokelela ePropylaea, amasango okungena amakhulu kwiAcropolis.
Zakhiwa malunga ne-431 BC ngaphakathi kwesicwangciso sokulungiswa kwePericles kodwa ngenxa yeemfazwe zasePeloponnesia, azizange zigqitywe.
Itempile ka-Athena Nike
Ngakwesokunene sePropylaea sifumana okokuqala kwiigugu zeAcropolis: iTempile ka-Athena Nike.
Siphambi kwetempile yeIonic eyakhelwe ukuhlonela uthixokazi woloyiso ukukhumbula uloyiso lweAthene kwidabi laseSalamis. Umsebenzi weCallícrates, wagqitywa malunga ne-420 BC
Itempile ka-Athena Nike esinokuyibona namhlanje iyakhiwa kwakhona ngo-1835 kwaye ayihlali ivulelekile eluntwini.
I-Parthenon
Ukungcwaliselwa uthixokazi u-Athena Parthenos, yenye yeetempile eziphambili ezakhiweyo ze-Doric ezigciniweyo kananjalo ezona zibaluleke kakhulu kwizikhumbuzo ezenziwe ngexesha lePericles ngabakhi beIctino kunye neCallícrates,
Ukulinganisa malunga ne-70 yeemitha ubude kunye ne-30 ububanzi, iParthenon yayijikelezwe ziikholamu ezijikeleze umjikelezo wayo wonke, i-8 kumacala aphezulu kunye ne-17 emacaleni.
Lo msantsa wawubonisa umngcelele wePanathenaeas, owona mnyhadala ubalulekileyo wezenkolo owawuseAthene.
Yayakhelwe ukuba yenziwe ngomfanekiso wegolide kunye neempondo zeendlovu ka-Athena Parthenos, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ophakame kangangeemitha ezili-12 owenziwe nguPhidias.
Phakathi kuka-1801 no-1803, amaNgesi aphanga uninzi lweenkcukacha zokuhombisa zeCarthenon. Endaweni yokuzibuyisela kubanini bazo, ezi ziqwenga zisaboniswa kwiMyuziyam yaseBritane eLondon.
Erechtheum
Enye itempile enkulu kwiAcropolis yaseAthene yiErechtheion, ekumantla eParthenon. Ngcwaliselwe uAthena noPoseidon, itempile kaKumkani uErechtheus yagqitywa ngo-406 BC.
Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kuyo yiVaranda yeCaryatids eyaziwayo, enemifanekiso eqingqiweyo emi-6 yabasetyhini njengeekholamu Bamele amakhoboka kaKarys, abantu abangamaGrike ababebambisene namaPersi kwaye bohlwaywa ngenxa yoko.
Caryatids etempileni iikopi. Isihlanu semvelaphi sinokubonwa kwiMyuziyam yase-Acropolis.
Imyuziyam yaseAcropolis yaseAthene
Ukutyelela kule myuziyam kuzimele kwi-Acropolis kodwa kufanelekile ukutyelelwa. Kwimigangatho yayo emithathu kuyinxalenye elungileyo yemisebenzi yobugcisa efumaneka kwiAcropolis, phakathi kwayo apho iqabaka leParthenon kunye neecaryatids zantlandlolo ze-Erechtheion zibonakala. Eminye iseMyuziyam yaseBritane.
Umfanekiso | I-Pixabay
Ukufika njani kwiAcropolis yaseAthene
I-Acropolis yaseAthene ineminyango emibini kuphela: umnyango omkhulu (entshona) kunye nomnyango wesibini (kumzantsi-mpuma). Owona mnyango ungoyena uthe ngqo, kuba yi-100m kuphela eya kusahlula kwiPropylaea, ukufikelela kwembali kweAcropolis. Isango lesibini lingasemazantsi enduli yeAcropolis kwaye kufuneka uhambe umgama ongaphezulu kwe-500m ukunyuka rhoqo (ngokulula) ukuya ePropylaea, notyelelo olubalulekileyo kwindlela enyukayo, njengoko siza kubona kamva.
Iiyure zokundwendwela
Yonke imihla ukusuka kwi-8 kusasa ukuya kwi-17 pm.
Ixabiso letikiti
Amatikiti anokuthengwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiiofisi zamatikiti ezikumnyango wendawo, nakwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kolayini.
- Ukususela ngo-Epreli 1 ukuya ku-Okthobha u-31, amatikiti abantu abadala axabisa ama-euro angama-20.
- Ukususela ngo-Novemba 1 ukuya ku-Matshi 31, amatikiti abiza i-euro ezili-10.
Abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala, abafundi kunye namalungu asele esidla umhlala-phantsi kwi-European Union baya kuhlawula i-euro ezili-10 ehlotyeni kunye nee-5 zeerandi ebusika. Ukuxhamla kwisaphulelo kufuneka ubonise isazisi okanye ikhadi lomfundi.