IFez, isixeko esingumlawuli waseMorocco, ikwangumzi wenkolo nenkcubeko kwilizwe laseAlhauite okoko iQarawiyn, i-mosque yeKoran kunye neyunivesithi, yasekwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.
Amabhotwe, iitempile, imadrasas kunye neendonga zingqina ubungqina obudlulileyo beFez, idolophu apho kuhlala abantu abayi-XNUMX yezigidi. Ibhengezwe njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli leHlabathi, iMedina yaseFez igcinwe inombulelo kuGeneral Lyautey, othintele ukwakha ngaphakathi.
Ebekwe kwiikhilomitha ezingama-200 empuma yeRabat, iFez yindawo efanelekileyo yokulahleka kunye nokufumanisa iMorocco eyiyo. Mhlawumbi kugutyungelwe zizixeko ezikhulu zeli lizwe ezinje ngeMarrakech, iCasablanca okanye iRabat, inyani kukuba iFez igcina ngcono amasiko kunye neendlela zayo zokuphila, into ephefumlwa ezitratweni zayo.
Isixeko sahlulwe saziinxalenye ezintathu ezibonisa imbali yaso. UFez el Bali (isixeko esidala esasekwa ngo-789 ngu-Idrís I) uFez el Jedid (eyakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ziiMerinids) kunye nesiXeko esitsha (esakhiwa ngamaFrentshi kunye ne-Hassan II avenue njengeyona nto iphambili.)
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo yokubuyiselwa kwe-medina ihlelwe, kubandakanya ukulungiswa kwezitalato, iindonga, amatye ezikhumbuzo kunye neebhulorho, kuba ezinye izindlu zodaka zonakele kwaye kwiindawo ezithile inkunkuma kunye nobutyobo buqokelelelwe ezitalatweni. umfanekiso omhle esixekweni obaluleke njengeFez. Kwakhona, ezinye iirads (izindlu zegadi yesintu) ziguqulwa zenziwa iihotele eziphambili njengoko ukhenketho lukhula.
IFez eneneni zizixeko ezithathu kwenye ebekwe elunxwemeni lwemilambo iZitu neFez.
UFez el Bali
Isango likaBab Bou Jeloud
Yeyona medina igcinwe kakuhle kwilizwe lama-Arabhu kunye nelona litye lesikhumbuzo likhulu eMorocco. Olu thungelwano lukhulu lwee-alleys lususela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye luqaqambisa i-cobalt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yesango iBab Bou Jeloud ongena kuyo kweyona ndawo indala yesixeko.
Ukuwela kuyo kukuthatha uhambo ukubuyela ngexesha, apho kungekho zithuthi, akukho asphalt, okanye skyscrapers. Emva kokuwela, umhombiso utshintsha umbala kwaye iithayile ziluhlaza. Umbala obonisa ulonwabo kwi-Islam malunga noko kufunyanwa ngaphakathi ezindlwini, kwimikhosi okanye kwizakhiwo ezibalulekileyo.
Eyona nto icetyiswayo kukuqesha iinkonzo zesikhokelo sokwazi ngokunzulu zonke iimfihlo zeFez. Ukongeza, ayifani ukuhamba ngaphandle kwezitrato ze-labyrinthine ngaphandle kokukhokelwa ngumntu owazi ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba zeziphi ezona ndawo zinomdla kwi-medina.
UMulay Idris Mausoleum
Isixeko sasekwa malunga ne-807 AD xa ubukhosi bakwa-Idrisid basusa ikomkhulu laseVolubilis apha. Ngaphakathi eFez el Bali yindawo yamangcwaba enikezelwe kuMulay Idris, umseki wesixeko. Njengomdla, kude kube kungekudala, izitrato ezikufutshane ne-mausoleum zazingavunyelwanga kwabangengomaSilamsi ngenxa yobungcwele babo.
Ezona ndawo zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi besi sixeko zikwimedina: Izikolo zeKoranic, iisokisi ezinkulu, isikwere seNejjarine kunye neSefarine, iSithili esingcwele kunye neyunivesithi endala nelayibrari emhlabeni.
IMadrasa Medersa Bou Inania
Apha ungatyelela iMedersa Bou Inania madrasa, indawo ethe cwaka nenqaba yayo yeetayile eziluhlaza eziqaqambileyo kunye neendonga zangaphakathi ezihonjiswe kakhulu. Yavulwa ngo-1350.
Indawo yokuphelisa utyelelo lwakho eFez luvela ngasentla, kwindawo eyaziwa ngokuba yiBorj Sur. Ukusuka kule ndawo unemibono emangalisayo yeFez apho umbala oluhlaza wezona zakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu njengee-mosque, iyunivesithi okanye iMulay Idris mausoleum.
Fez iJedid
IDar el-Makhzen Palace
Nangona uFez el Jedid ebizwa ngokuba yi-medina entsha ye-Fez, inyani kukuba ayisiyonto ingaphaya kokongezwa kwe-medina yokuqala Yenziwe ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX yiBenimerines, ubukhosi obubaluleke kakhulu baseBerber eMantla eAfrika abafake ikomkhulu labo eFez embindini wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Amagqabantshintshi eFez el Jedid yiRoyal Quarter (apho ikomkhulu laseDar el-Makhzen, eligcina iMyuziyam yezandla kunye nezinto zakudala), ikota yamaJuda yenkulungwane ye-XNUMX (Mellah), iisokisi zayo, iimosque, iigadi kunye neevenkile zobugcisa.
IVille Nouvelle
La Ville Nouvelle okanye isixeko esitsha Yasekwa ngamaFrentshi kwii-20s ke le nxalenye ye-Fez inendlela eyahlukileyo yaseYurophu kwi-medina yakudala. Iintsapho ezicebileyo kakhulu zaseMorocco kunye nabaphambukeli bahlala apha.
Iindlela eziphangaleleyo kunye nezitalato zizele iivenkile, iihotele eziphambili kunye neefestile apho ungangcamla khona iti ye-mint emnandi. Eyona ndlela iphambili yiHassan II avenue kwaye eyona ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu kukudibana ne-boulevard yakwa-Mohammed V, kuba iiofisi zeBhanki yaseMorocco kunye nesikwere saseFlorence zilapha.
Njengomdla, kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba kwimimandla emitsha yazo zonke izixeko zelizwe kukho izitalato ezimbini ezinamagama ka-Hassan II kunye no-Mohammed V ukuhlonipha ookumkani ababaluleke kakhulu be-Moroccan bale nkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
ILa Ville Nouvelle inezindlu ezininzi ukusuka kwixesha lobukoloniyali kunye ne-Instituto Cervantes okanye i-French Lyceum. Kwaye i-Imam Malik mosque, yenye yezona zikhulu esixekweni, kunye necawa yaseSan Francisco.