Ifumaneka embindini weRoma, iVatican liziko leCawa yamaKatolika kunye nelona lizwe lincinci eYurophu. Ineekhilomitha ezisisi-0,44 kuphela kwaye ngaphakathi kweendonga zayo zihlala ngaphantsi kwabantu abayi-1.000 XNUMX, kubandakanya uPapa ohlala kwibhotwe elijikelezwe zizitiya ezinokundwendwelwa kunye nokubhukishwa kwangaphambili.
Kukho amatyelelo amathathu kwisiXeko saseVatican esenza sikhanye ngokukhanya kwawo: iVictoria Museums, iSt.Peter's Square kunye neSt. Malunga netempile enkulu yeNgqobhoko, apho upopu abhiyozela ezona nkonzo zibalulekileyo, siza kuthetha kwiposti elandelayo ngakumbi malunga nedome yayo entle.
Imbali ye-St Peter's Basilica
Inikwe igama lakhe ngopopu wokuqala kwimbali, uSanta Peter, onendawo yakhe efileyo yangcwatyelwa kwicawa. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1506 kwaye kwagqitywa ngo-1626, kungcwaliswa kwangaloo nyaka. Abayili bezakhiwo abaqaqambileyo abanjengoMiguel Ángel, uBramante noCarlo Maderno bathathe inxaxheba kulwakhiwo lwayo.
Ngaphandle kweBasilica
I-facade yeSt.Peter's Basilica ngumsebenzi wegcisa uCarlo Maderno owugqibileyo ngo-1614 ngemilinganiselo engama-48 eemitha ukuphakama kunye ne-114,69 yeemitha ububanzi. Isimangalo esimiselweyo se-tympanum esembindini exhaswa ngumyalelo weprojekthi yeepilasters zaseKorinte kunye neekholamu ziyabetha. I-tympanum ithweswe isithsaba nge-balustrade enemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeshumi elinantathu, eyona iphambili emele uKristu umhlanguli esikelela amakholwa. Ngaphezulu kwe-architrave, umbhalo wesiLatin ukhumbula ukuba lo msebenzi wenziwa phantsi kukaPopu Paul V.
Kummandla osezantsi kukho iindlela ezintlanu zokungena kwi-atrium ekukho kuyo iifestile ezininzi, ezintathu zazo zinebhalkoni. Lowo usembindini unegama "lendawo yeentsikelelo", kuba ukusuka kuyo upopu ujonge ukunika u-Urbi et Orbi intsikelelo ngeKrisimesi, ngePasika nasemva kokuba enyulwe njengopapa.
Ingaphakathi leBasilica
I-Basilica yaseSt. Peter sesinye sezona zakhiwo zikhulu emhlabeni. Inobude beemitha ezingama-218 kunye nokuphakama kweemitha ezili-136. Lilonke, inommandla wama-23.000 m² obonelela ngomthamo wabantu abangama-20.000.
Ukwakhiwa kwetempile kwaqala ngonyaka we-1506 ngexesha lopapa lukaPopu Julius II kumabhodlo esakhiwo esayalelwa ukuba sakhiwe ngu-Emperor uConstantine kwindawo apho kwavela khona i-Circus yeNero, indawo enye apho kwabulawa khona iSanta Peter. Imisebenzi yaphela ngo-1602 kunye noPapa Paul V.
Zininzi izinto zobugcisa ezinokubonwa ngaphakathi kwi-Basilica yaseSt.Peter efana nePieta kaMichelangelo owayikrola kwibhloko enye yemarmarra esemncinci., umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Saint Peter etroneni yakhe okanye i-Baldachin ka-Saint Peter, isakhiwo esikhulu sobugcisa esenziwe ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe ngu-Bernini ukuphawula indawo apho ingcwaba lika-Saint Peter lalikhona.
Umfanekiso | Yonwabela iRoma
Idome yaseSan Pedro
I-dome ifikelela kubude beemitha ezili-136. Amagcisa aliqela angenelela kwimisebenzi njengoko yaqalwa nguMichelangelo, uGiacomo Della Porta waqhubeka nomsebenzi kwaye wagqitywa nguCarlo Maderno ngo-1614. Ubuhle bayo bunjalo ukuba busebenze njengokhuthazo lokudala ezinye iiprojekthi ezidumileyo ezinje ngeCapitol eWashington okanye iSt.Paul Cathedral eLondon.
Ukungena kwi-Basilica yaseSt.Peter yenye yezona zinto zingenakulibaleka ezinokuhlala eRoma, kodwa ukubona isixeko kwidome yayo akunakuthelekiswa nanto. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwidome akulungele wonke umntu, kuba icandelo lokugqibela lenziwa ngesinyuko esincinci nesinyukayo esinokuba sothusayo.
Ishedyuli yokufikelela kwi-Basilica yaseSt
- Ukususela ngo-Epreli ukuya kuSeptemba: ngo-7 ekuseni ngentsimbi yesi-19.
- Ukususela ngo-Okthobha ukuya ku-Matshi: nge-7 kusasa. ngo-18: 30 emva kwemini.
Idome ivula iyure kamva kwaye ivale iyure ngaphambili.
Amaxabiso okunyuka aye kwidome
Ukungena kwi-basilica kukhululekile kodwa abo banqwenela ukufikelela kwidome kuya kufuneka bathenge itikiti elinexabiso elizii-euro ezingama-6 ukuba unyuka ngeenyawo (amanyathelo angama-551) okanye ii-euro ezisi-8 ukuba unyuka ngekheshi uye kwi-terrace emva koko ngeenyawo ezingama-320.