Ulwandle luphethe ubuncwane obunqabileyo obugcinelwe abo banobuganga bokungena nzulu ukuze babufumane. Apho akunakwenzeka kuphela ukufumana iingqaqa zekorale ezinomtsalane, izidalwa ezingaqhelekanga kunye nentsalela yeenqanawa ezitshonile, kodwa kunye nemyuziyam enomdla eyenziwe ngabantu engummangaliso wamehlo abohlukeneyo. Musa ukulahleka ngoko indlela edlula kwiimyuziyam ezidumileyo zangaphantsi kwamanzi kwihlabathi.
I-EGYPT
Amazwe ase-Egypt awayegutyungelwe zizikhukula kunye neenyikima ngaphambili, ngakumbi kwingingqi ye-Delta, gcina ngaphantsi kwamanzi ayo obunye bobuncwane bobugcisa obuyaziwa kakhulu ngabembi bezinto zakudala: isixeko esitshonile saseCleopatra.
Ifunyenwe kunxweme lwe-Abukir Bay e-Alexandria, uthotho lweenyikima kunye namaza amakhulu aveliswe bubukho besiphoso samanzi asuka eCairo aya eSicily ayiginye phakathi kweminyaka eyi-320 kunye ne-1303 yexesha lethu.
Ayisiyiyo nayiphi na indawo yezinto zakudala. IAlexandria yayiyenye yeedolophu ezinkulu zakudala kwaye yasekwa nguAlexander Omkhulu ngonyaka ka-332 BC I-Crossroads yempucuko ikwabeka imimangaliso emikhulu yelizwe lakudala: iThala leencwadi kunye neNdlu yokuKhanya yase-Alexandria.
Ngoku, emva kokulala ngaphezulu kwenkulungwane ezili-16, isixeko esingaphantsi kwamanzi esikwiimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka elunxwemeni lwaselwandle lwaseAlexandria siphinda sivele. Amaqela abembi bezinto zakudala ayehla ngeendlela zawo ezibodwa ukuze afumane ubuncwane obusemanzini kwizibuko okoko inyikima yatyhala unxweme.
Indawo yokugcina ubutyebi be-sphinxes, i-obelisks, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye neentsika ziye zavela kwezi mali zisempuma zeMeditera. Nangona kunjalo, Ibhotwe likaCleopatra liligugu kwisithsaba. Indawo ebiyelweyo yangcwatywa ngamanzi eyayiyenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zexesha likaFaro. Ukuthintela oku kufunyanwa kungangeni ekulibalekeni, ukuqwalaselwa kwenkqubo yokuntywilisela kuthathelwa ingqalelo evumela iindwendwe ukuba zithuthwe ziye kwiphiko lokuntywila lebhotwe kunye nokuhamba ngemigudu ye-fiberglass ukuya kukhenketho olukhokelwayo kumagumbi endlovukazi eyaziwayo.
Ngokuthe ngcembe, isixeko esingaphantsi kwamanzi siqala ukudada kwaye ubuqaqawuli bayo obudala buyavela kwakhona. Yonke into ibonisa ukuba ibhotwe likaCleopatra liya kuba yindawo entsha yezokhenketho yase-Egypt kunye neephiramidi ezidumileyo.
I-MEXICO
Kwelinye icala lehlabathi likho imyuziyam yangoku phantsi kwamanzi MUSA (Imyuziyam yobugcisa engaphantsi kwamanzi) emanzini ajikeleze iCancun, i-Isla Mujeres kunye nePunta Nizuc. Wazalelwa ngo-2009 ngesandla sikaJaime González Cano (uMlawuli weSizwe seMarine Park) uRoberto Díaz Abraham (uMongameli we-Asociados Náuticos de Cancún) noJason deCaires Taylor, igcisa laseBritane. Ngoku le ndawo yenye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane eziphantsi kwamanzi ehlabathini, inemifanekiso eqingqiweyo engaphezulu kwama-500 esisigxina.
Imyuziyam engaphantsi kwamanzi Injongo yokubonisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kobugcisa kunye nesayensi yolondolozo lwendalo Kunye nokuthanda ikoloniyali yobomi baselwandle ukubuyisa iingqaqa zendalo.
Inkcazo-ntetho yahlulwe yazigalari ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yiSalon Manchones kunye neSalon Nizuc. Eyokuqala ziimitha ezisibhozo ubunzulu, ilungele bobabini abahlukeneyo kunye nabadadayo kwaye eyesibini ineemitha ezine ubunzulu, ilungele kuphela ukubhukuda nge-snorkeling.
ISIQILI SASEGANAN
Umzobi uJason deCaires Taylor akangomqali kolu hlobo lweprojekthi ukusukela kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba athathe inxaxheba ekudalweni kweprojekthi Ipaki yokuQala engaphantsi kwamanzi kwisiqithi saseGranada. Apha sifumana umsebenzi 'Iimbono' (ezimele iqela labantwana beentlanga ezahlukeneyo bebambene ngezandla besenza isangqa), 'Un-Still Life II', 'Inverted Solitude' kunye 'Alluvia', ukwakhiwa okwenziwe ngabafazi ababini amanani ababa ziincutshe zoMlambo iCanterbury, eUnited Kingdom.
SPEYIN
Isiqithi se ILanzarote izakubamba imyuziyam yokuqala phantsi kwamanzi eYurophuNgu-Jason deCaires Taylor wase-Bhritane. I-Museo Atlántico Lanzarote iya kubekwa kunxweme olusemazantsi-ntshona esiqithi, kwindawo ekufutshane neLas Coloradas kumasipala waseYaiza, ohlangabezana nezona meko zilungileyo zokufakwa kwayo njengoko ikhuselekile kumaza amakhulu olwandle achaphazela unxweme olusemantla. ukusuka eLanzarote.
Kwakhona, I-2% yengeniso eveliswe yile myuziyam engaphantsi kwamanzi iya kuphando kunye nokusasazwa kobutyebi bezinto eziphilayo kunye nolwandle lwaseLanzarote.
ITALY
Unxweme olusemantla loLwandle lweMeditera lwaziwa ngamanxweme amahle aqala e-Italiya aye eFrance kodwa bambalwa abaziyo ukuba phakathi kwamanzi iCamogli nePortofino kufihla oko kubizwa ngokuba UKristu wenzonzobila, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wobhedu kaYesu Krestu ohlawula irhafu kuDario Gonzatti, umhambeli owaziwayo wase-Italiya owafa ngo-1950 ngexesha lokuntywila.
Umkroli uGuido Galletti wayefuna ukuhlonipha inkumbulo yakhe ngalo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo unemitha emi-2 yobhedu kwaye izandla zakhe zijolise ngaphezulu elwandle ukumema abohlukeneyo ukuba bathandaze kwaye banoxolo. UKristu wenzonzobila wasikelelwa nguPopu John Paul II Ngo-2000 kwaye yaba luphawu lwenkolo oluthandwa kakhulu ngabalobi beentlanzi, iindidi ngeendidi kunye nabakhenkethi, ababehlala bezokuthandaza kule ndawo. Ngapha koko, nge-15 ka-Agasti "umngcelele ophantsi kwamanzi" uququzelelwe kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo wale njongo.