IVictoria City yenye yee-microstates ezimbalwa ezikhoyo ngoku eYurophu kwaye ikwiRome, ikomkhulu lase-Itali. Ukuzimela kwe-Holy See kwilizwe elingummelwane kwabhengezwa ngoFebruwari 1929 ngokusebenzisa iiLatean Pact. Iyaziwa kwihlabathi liphela njengeziko leemvakalelo leCawa yamaKatolika.
Inommandla we-0,44 km2 kwaye intsimi yayo incinci kangangokuba yi-Basilica yaseSt.Peter kuphela ehlala i-7% yomphezulu wayo. Inabemi abamalunga nama-800 abemi. UPopu uyintloko yelizwe kwaye kwelona lizwe lincinci emhlabeni bahlala abantu abaphantsi, Abalindi baseSwitzerland, amakhadinali, ababingeleli kunye noPapa wakhe oPhakamileyo.
Inkululeko ye-Holy See evela e-Italiya yabhengezwa ngo-Februwari 11, 1929 ngeeLatean Pact. KwisiXeko saseVictoria kukho amatyelelo amathathu akhanya ngokukhanya kwawo: iSt.Peter's Square, iSt.Peter's Basilica kunye neVictoria Museums, apho ikhoyo iSistine Chapel.
I-Basilica yaseSt.Peter
I-St. Peter's Basilica sesona sakhiwo senkolo sibalulekileyo kubuKatolika. Kuyo, uPopu ubhiyozela ezona liturri zibalulekileyo kwaye ngaphakathi kwayo kwamkela iNgcwele. Ukungena kwi-basilica ngokungathandabuzekiyo yenye yezona zinto zikhumbulekayo zokutyelela eRoma.
Ifumana igama layo kupopu wokuqala embalini, uSanta Peter, onomzimba wakhe ungcwatyelwe etempileni. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lwaqala ngo-1506 lwaza lwaphela ngo-1626 kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo bathatha inxaxheba kuyo, apho sasinokuqaqambisa uBramante okanye uMiguel Ángel.
Ingaphakathi layo linabantu abangama-20.000 XNUMX. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yobugcisa enokubonwa ngaphakathi kweendonga zayo yiBernini's Baldachin, iMichelangelo iLa Piedad kunye nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Saint Peter kwitrone yakhe.
Enye yezinto ezitsala umdla we-basilica yidome yayo engummangaliso eye yakhuthaza njengezinye iiprojekthi, ezinje ngeSt.Paul Cathedral eLondon okanye iCapitol eWashington.
Kuyenzeka ukuba ufikelele kwidome ukuze uncome iPlaza de San Pedro evela ngentla ukuba usuku lucacile kodwa ayisiyonto yabo bonke abaphulaphuli kuba icandelo lokugqibela lenziwa ngezinyuko ezinqamlezileyo ezinokubangxunguphalisa abanye abantu.
Isikwere iSt
Umfanekiso | I-Pixabay
Esi sikwere sesinye sezona zintle kwihlabathi liphela kwaye kunye ne-basilica ihlala i-20% yommandla weSixeko saseVatican. Yakhiwe nguBernini phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-300.000 kwaye inokwamkela abantu abangaphezu kwama-XNUMX kwiiturikhi kunye nemicimbi ephambili.
Ukongeza kubungakanani bayo (i-320 yeemitha ubude kunye ne-240 yeemitha ububanzi), eyona nto inomtsalane malunga nesikwere ziikholamu ezingama-284 kunye nee-pilasters ezingama-88 ezibeka isikwere kumacala amane emiqolo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwenziwa phakathi kwe-1656 kunye ne-1667 ezandleni zeBernini, ngenkxaso kaPopu Alexander VII.
Embindini wesikwere i-obelisk kunye nemithombo emibini imile, enye nguBernini (1675) enye nguMaderno (1614). Iobelisk ephezulu yeemitha ezingama-25 yaziswa eRoma isuka eYiphutha ngo-1586.
Iimyuziyam zaseVatican
Umfanekiso | I-Pixabay
Amaziko olondolozo lwembali eVatican kwelona lizwe lincinci ehlabathini lonke agcina amawaka emisebenzi yobugcisa eqokelelwe yiCawa yamaRoma Katolika ngaphezulu kwenkulungwane ezintlanu.
Imvelaphi yale minyuziyamu yabuyela emva ngo-1503, xa uPopu Julius II waqalisa ukuba ngupopapa kwaye wanikela ngengqokelela yakhe yobugcisa. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu, oopopu abalandelayo kunye neentsapho zabucala ezahlukileyo zenze imirhumo kwaye zonyusa ingqokelela de yaba yenye yezona zikhulu emhlabeni.
Ngaphakathi kwiiZiko loLondolozo lweMbali laseVictoria kukho iSistine Chapel, eyaziwa ngokuhombisa okutyebileyo nokuba yindawo apho kukhethwa upopu olandelayo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwenziwa ngexesha lokuyalelwa nguPopu Sixtus IV, ethiywe ngaye. Abanye babaculi ababaluleke kakhulu abasebenza kuyo yayinguMiguel Ángel, uBotticelli, uPerugino okanye uLuca.
Iingcebiso ngokundwendwela iSixeko saseVatican
- Cinga ukuthatha i-metro njengendlela yokuhamba ukuya nokubuya e-Vatican City.
- Iindawo zokutya kufutshane nomnyango weSt. Peter's Basilica zihlala zibiza kakhulu kwaye azikhuthazwa kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, sicebisa ukuba uye kwabo bakwi-Via Germanico nge-Via Marcantonio Colonna.
- IiMyuziyam zaseVatican kunye neSistine Chapel zibiza malunga nee-euro ezingama-17 kwaye iDome yaseSt.Peter ixabisa malunga nee-euro ezisi-8. I-Basilica yaseSt.Peter kunye neSt.
- Bhukisha isikhokelo esisemthethweni sokundwendwela iVictoria Museums kunye nezinye iindawo zeVictoria City. Ngale ndlela uqinisekisa ukuba uya kubona yonke into.
Indlela yokunxiba
IsiXeko saseVictoria asisi sixeko nje ukuba sisetyenziswe, yindawo yokuthandaza apho iVatican inekhowudi yayo yokunxiba. Ukuba uyayazi, apha siyakuxelela:
- Omabini amadolo namagxa kufuneka agqunywe ngempahla. Ukuba le mimandla ayigutyungelwanga, banokukulahla xa ungena esixekweni. Ngesi sizathu, iintloko ezingenamikhono, iisundress, kunye neebhulukhwe ezimfutshane azivumelekanga. Abasetyhini banokuyilungisa le nto ngokunxiba i-shawl ejikeleze indawo yegxalaba okanye ukunxiba iithayithi okanye i-leggings phantsi kweebhulukhwe okanye iilokhwe ezimfutshane.
- Nxiba izihlangu ezifanelekileyo nezintofontofo. Nangona isixeko sincinci, kuya kufuneka uhambe ulinde kwimigca emide ukungena kwiindawo ezithile (ii-basilica, iimyuziyam, iicawa, njl.
- Musa ukuphatha ubhaka omkhulu okanye ibhegi undwendwela iisayithi, njengoko zihlala ziskenwa. Ukuba awufuni ukumiswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokujonga ukhuseleko, izinto ezincinci oziphetheyo, ngcono.