Kwi-Paseo del Prado eMadrid uyakufumana into eyaziwa njenge 'art triangle' okanye 'uhambo lobugcisa', indlela yeemyuziyam ezintathu apho enye yezona ndawo zibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela: iMyuziyam yasePrado , IMyuziyam yaseReina Sofía kunye neMyuziyam yaseThyssen-Bornemisza.
Qho ngonyaka batyelelwa ngamawakawaka abantu kodwa hayi kuphela 'kunxantathu wobugcisa' ohlala eMadrid. Kwikomkhulu laseSpain zininzi iimyuziyam zemixholo eyahlukeneyo.
Kutshanje, iimyuziyam ezintlanu eziphantsi koMphathiswa Wezemfundo, iNkcubeko kunye neMidlalo zidibene ukuza kubonisa enye indlela yobugcisa ejikeleze isixeko: iimyuziyam ezintlanu, enye iMadrid.
Kodwa, zeziphi iimyuziyam ezenza le ndlela ikhethekileyo kwaye olu luhambo lutsha lwenkcubeko luphakanyiswa njani yikomkhulu?
Imvelaphi yendlela
Intsholongwane yeemyuziyam ezintlanu, enye indlela yaseMadrid ifunyenwe ngo-2012, unyaka apho iimyuziyam ezenza uhambo zaqala ukwenza uthotho lwezenzo zokudibanisa ukuzazisa nokwazisa kwinqanaba labakhenkethi kunye nenkcubeko.
IiMyuziyam ezenza indlela
Le ndlela iphakamisa ukutyelela iimyuziyam ezintlanu ezizele yimbali kunye nobugcisa. Ayilothuba nje lokwazi ingqokelela abayigcinayo kodwa kunye nokubuka ubuhle bezakhiwo.
IMyuziyam kaZwelonke yoBugcisa bokuhombisa
Ukunikezelwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla bexesha elidlulileyo nelangoku, ineqoqo elisisigxina elibhaptiza undwendwe kubudlelwane bamagumbi ngamanye amaxesha. Kwelinye icala, imiboniso yethutyana inikezelwe kuyilo lwangoku kunye namagcisa amancinci okanye amiselweyo asuka kwindalo yethu.
Ukwakhiwa kweZiko loLondolozo lweMbali leSizwe lobuGcisa bokuhombisa kwagunyaziswa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-20 ziiDuchess zaseSantoña ehlotyeni. Nangona kunjalo, yayingazange isetyenziselwe le njongo kwaye yaqeshwa de kwaba li-1932s, xa yayinikezelwa kwiSikolo seMfundo ePhakamileyo. Kwakukho ngo-XNUMX xa yaba yiMyuziyam kaZwelonke yoBugcisa boBugcisa. Ukusukela ngoko, ibhotwe langoku lenze uhlengahlengiso olwahlukeneyo, ngelixa lihlonipha imbonakalo yalo yoqobo.
IMyuziyam yaseCerralbo
Le myuziyam ibonisa ukuba ubume bokuqala bokuhombisa bendawo yokuhlala esezingeni eliphezulu ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX babonakala ngathi. Ingqokelela egcina iMyuziyam yaseCerralbo yenziwe ngezinto zakudala, imizobo kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo (yenkulungwane ye-1845 ukuya kweye-1922) eyahliselwa uRhulumente ngu-Enrique de Aguilera y Gamboa, Marquis waseCerralbo (XNUMX-XNUMX), onomdla kwezakudala nenkcubeko.
NjengeMyuziyam kaZwelonke yobuGcisa boBugcisa, eli bhotwe lakhiwa njengendawo yokuhlala yesiqhelo iMarquis. Imisebenzi yagqitywa ngo-1893 kwaye ukuhonjiswa kwayo ngaphakathi kunee-rococo kunye neo-baroque element. Isitiya sayo esihle simihlaba okanye isiNgesi ukusuka kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye yenye yezona mfihlo zigcinwe kwikomkhulu.
Imyuziyam yaseLázaro Galdiano
Ifumaneka kwindlu endala eCalle Serrano, iMyuziyam yaseLázaro Galdiano ibonisa ingqokelela yobugcisa ebandakanya imisebenzi yeZurbarán, Bosco, Goya okanye i-El Greco kunye nebronzes, iiseramikhi, iikristali, amalaphu, iimedali kunye nezixhobo zexabiso elikhulu.
Ukudalwa kwayo kungenxa yomhleli kunye nomqokeleli uJosé Lázaro Galdiano owathi, phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX, wasungula iphephancwadi loncwadi iLa España Moderna.
Imyuziyam yaseLázaro Galdiano inoxanduva lokubonisa, ukugcina nokusasaza ingqokelela yayo yobugcisa kwindawo eyayihlala indawo yayo yangaphambili, neyasebenza njengendawo yokuhlanganisela uncwadi. apho ababhali abadumileyo abanjengoRubén Darío, Miguel de Unamuno okanye uEmilia Pardo Bazán abathatha inxaxheba.
Imyuziyam yoLuntu
Yenziwe nguBenigno de la Vega-Inclán y Flaquer, Marqués de la Vega-Inclán (1858-1942) enegama likaMuseo Romántico kwaye yavula iingcango zayo ngo-1924 ukubonisa iziqwenga nemisebenzi yomsunguli, nangona nayo ifumene idiphozithi kunye neminikelo.
Imyuziyam yeRomanticism yavalwa ngo-2001 ngokulungiswa okwahlukileyo. Kwakukho ngo-2009 xa ivulwa kwakhona phantsi kwegama langoku. Le myuziyam icebisa uhambo oluya kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX ukuya kujonga ukuba babunjani ubomi ngeloxesha beklasi yongxowankulu. Ngale ndlela, undwendwe lunokuhambahamba kwigumbi lokudlala ibhola, kwigumbi lokutyela, kumagumbi abucala eenkosi zendlu okanye egadini, indawo ezele ngoxolo.
Imisebenzi kaGoya, Madrazo kunye nabazalwana bakaBécquer, iiseramikhi ezivela eSargadelos naseSèvres, ingqokelela yoonodoli be-porcelain, i-Empire okanye ifanitshala yesitayile ye-Elizabethan kunye nompu u-Larra azibulale ngawo, wakhonza ukuphinda enze imeko ye-Romanticism.
IMyuziyam yaseSorolla
Ifumaneka kwisithili saseChamber, iMyuziyam yaseSorolla yenziwa ngokomnqweno ocacileyo womhlolokazi wakhe, uClotilde García del Castillo, emva kokubhubha kwendoda yakhe. Ngomnyaka we-1925 usapho zonke iiasethi zabo kuRhulumente waseSpain ukuba bafumane imyuziyam ngokumzukisa kwinto eyayiyikhaya lomzobi kunye nomasifundisane.
Imyuziyam yaseSorolla ilawulwa ngumsebenzi wegcisa kunye nezinto awaziqokelela esaphila. Ukongeza, ukusukela ngo-1982 inyuswe ngentengo eyenziwe nguRhulumente ukugqibezela ingqokelela.
Indlu yakhiwa ngo-1911 kwaye yayiyiprojekthi yobuqu kaJoaquín Sorolla. Ngaphakathi ungayibona ingqokelela yemizobo ayenzileyo malunga nokuba likhaya lakhe kunye negadi yayo kufuneka ibe njani.
Ingenziwa njani indlela?
Kundwendwelo oluhlanganisiweyo lwemyuziyam, kwenziwe ivawutsha enokuthengwa nge-euro ezili-12 kwiiofisi zamatikiti nganye nganye kwaye iya kuvumela ukutyelela iindawo ezintlanu ngeentsuku ezili-10.