Isithombe | I-Wikipedia
Kutholakala engxenyeni endala yamaJuda eToledo futhi kubhekwa njengesinagoge lasendulo elalondolozwe kahle kunazo zonke emhlabeni, sithola iSinagoge likaHamuel ha-Leví noma iSynagogue yaseTránsito. Ukuhlukahluka komlando okuguqule kwaba yisonto, isibhedlela, indawo yokugcina ama-oda ezempi, i-hermitage futhi ekugcineni kwaba yi-Sephardic Museum ukumemezela isiko lamaJuda aseSpain.
Isikhala esizinikele emlandweni wamasiko nomlando weSephardic kanye nenkolo yamaJuda njengengxenye ebalulekile yefa lamasiko aseToledo.
Isinagoge Lezokuthutha
Phakathi konyaka we-1355 nowe-1357 ukwakhiwa kweSinagoge Lezokuthutha kwayalelwa nguSamuel ha-Leví (Umgcinimafa enkantolo yeNkosi uPedro I waseCastile) njengendlu yangasese yesigodlo ayala ukuthi yakhiwe esiqeshini esikhulu somhlaba eduze kwaseTagus futhi imikhawulo yayo yafinyelela emaphethelweni omfula. Kodwa-ke, yisinagoge kuphela okuwukuphela kwesakhiwo esime isikhathi eside.
Idizayini yalo elula egumbini lokuphumula ifana naleyo yamasonto amaningi ezigodlo zamaKhristu angaleso sikhathi, yize ivelele ngaphandle nangaphandle kwayo, egcwele imihlobiso yejometri exhunywe ne-vacui horror yesiko lasempumalanga. Lokho okungukuthi, umkhuba wobuciko owawuhlanganisa ukugcwalisa sonke isikhala esingenalutho emsebenzini ngohlobo oluthile lomklamo noma isithombe. Kulokhu, into yokwakha udonga yaziswa ngokuphelele ngomhlobiso ochichimayo osuselwa kupulasitela wesitayela sikaMudejar.
Itimu yokuhlobisa yeSinagoge laseTránsito ikhawulelwe ekumemezeleni nasekubhaleni. Kuwo ungabona izihlangu zeCastilla y León, imibhalo esemfuleni ophakamisa imifanekiso yeNkosi uPedro, uSamuel Leví nomakhi wabo uRabi Don Mayr, abafakwa phakathi kwamahubo nokudumisa uNkulunkulu, bebonga ukuvikelwa okutholakele.
Isithombe | I-Wikimedia
Ingaphambili lodonga olusempumalanga lihlotshiswe kakhulu ngemihlobiso yemifino yendalo yama-Arab ebizwa nge-ataurique. Ngenkathi usodongeni oluseningizimu usengabona izimbobo ezenzelwe ukwakha imishayo yamapulangwe yenkantolo ebekelwe abesifazane, lapho bebeye khona emkhosini ofihlekile futhi ohlukaniswe nabesilisa.
Ngokuxoshwa kwamaJuda ngo-1492, Amakhosi amaKatolika adlulisela iSinagoge laseTránsito ku-Order of Calatrava, owaqala wayenza isonto bese kuthi ngekhulu le-XNUMX e-hermitage ngenxa yokwehla kwemiyalo yamasosha. Kepha lokhu bekungekhona ukuphela kokusetshenziswa enikezwe kona. Isinagoge lalibuye libe yisibhedlela nendawo yokugcina ama-oda ezempi.
Ngenqubo yokuthunjwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX, kwamenyezelwa njengeSikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke futhi kwathathwa izinyathelo eziningana zokuyilungisa nokuyeka ukuwohloka kwayo. Kakade ngekhulu lama-1964, ngo-XNUMX, iSephardic Museum yakhiwa eSinagogeni lase-El Tránsito. Ngemuva kweminyaka emine umnyuziyamu uzomenyezelwa njengeNational Museum of Hispano-Jewish Art.
Isithombe | Cindezela i-CLM
ISephardic Museum
Amakamelo eSephardic Museum ahlala esikhaleni esidala sama-oda ezempi eCalatrava nase-Alcántara. Sekukonke kunamakamelo ayisihlanu agcina izinto zokuvubukula nezokuziphatha zomphakathi wamaJuda waseSpain ahlobene nemvelaphi yawo, inkolo yawo, indlela yakhe yokuphila, umlando namasiko.
Igumbi lokuqala likhombisa umlando wabantu abangamaJuda e-Near East yenkathi yasendulo. Lapha kukhonjiswa izinto ezahlukahlukene eziphakathi kuka-2.000 BC kanye nekhulu lokuqala AD njengeTorah nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo.
Igumbi lesibili lomnyuziyamu lisisa empilweni yamaJuda ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseRoma, isikhathi samaVisigoth kanye nase-al-Andalus. Okwamanje, egumbini lesithathu singafunda ngokutholwe okusha kwemivubukulo kanye nomlando womphakathi wamaSephardic emibusweni yobuKrestu.
Ekugcineni, amakamelo wesine nawesihlanu anikezelwe empilweni nasemjikelezweni womkhosi weSephardim. Itholakala endaweni ebizwa ngeGalari Yabesifazane, okwakuyindawo ebekelwe abesifazane esinagogeni.
Isithombe | CLM 24
Kuwo wonke amaqoqo, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Old Bibliographic Fund kuvelele, okuqukethe izincwadi, imibhalo yesandla kanye nemibhalo ngolimi lwesiHeberu, iSephardic neSpanish oluqala ngekhulu le-XNUMX kuya kwele-XNUMX.
Njengezikhala ezihambisanayo singabona i-patio esenyakatho noma i-Garden of Memory (lapho kunamatshe amathuna) ne-patio esempumalanga noma indawo yokuphumula (lapho singabona khona izinsalela zemivubukulo zalokho okungaba izindawo zokugeza zomphakathi zekota yamaJuda yaseToledo). Ekugcineni, kunesikhala semultimedia, okuthi, ngemisindo, sisivumele ukuthi sikhumbule ukuhamba ngekota yamaJuda yedolobha maphakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX.
Amathikithi nohlelo lweSinagoge Lezokuthutha
Intengo yamathikithi
Ukwamukelwa okujwayelekile kubiza ama-euro ama-3 nezindleko ezincishisiwe ama-euro angu-1,50. Kumahhala kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala, ngeMigqibelo kusukela ngo-14: XNUMX ntambama nangamaSonto.
Uhlelo
Kuvalwa njalo ngoMsombuluko, amaholide asendaweni futhi ngoJanuwari 1 no-6, Meyi 1, Disemba 24, 25 no-31.
Bavula amaSonto namaholide kusukela ngo-10: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-15: 00 ntambama. Isikhathi sasebusika sivela ngoNovemba 1 kuya kuFebhuwari 28 kusuka ngoLwesibili kuya kuMgqibelo kusukela ngo-9: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-18: 00 ntambama. Ehlobo bavulwa kusukela ngoMashi 1 kuya ku-Okthoba 31 kusuka ngoLwesibili kuya kuMgqibelo kusukela ngo-9: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-19: 30 ntambama.