Imigede ehamba phambili e-Santander

Kunzima ukukhetha Imihume engcono kakhulu e-Santander. I-Cantabria inokuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu kobuciko be-rock emhlabeni: isamba samashumi ayisithupha. Kodwa eziyishumi zazo sezimenyezelwe Amagugu Emhlaba yi-UNESCO ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo kwe-anthropological.

Nokho, inombolo ekhonjiwe ibhekisela kuphela emigodini enobuciko be-rock. Emphakathini ozimele kukhona, cishe, nezinye izinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalolunye abanentshisekelo enkulu kubo ukwakheka okumangalisayo kwe-geological. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa imigede ehamba phambili e-Santander, senze ireferensi ekhethekile kweyokuqala esiyishilo.

Umhume wase-Altamira

Nakanjani, kufanele siqale noma yiluphi uhambo lwemigede ehamba phambili e-Santander ngalo u-Altamira. Injalo inani layo ukuthi ukufinyelela emgodini wokuqala kukhawulelwe kakhulu. Ukuze ujabulele amafomu ayo futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, imidwebo yayo, a i-neocave ekhiqiza kabusha ngokwethembeka okuyiqiniso.

Iseduze kakhulu nedolobha elingemuhle kangako ISantillana del Mar futhi inesethi eyingqayizivele yobuciko be-rock. Eqinisweni, yaziwa ngokuthi "I-Sistine Chapel ye-Quaternary". Kuwo wonke amamitha ayo acishe abe ngamakhulu amathathu kunezithombe zezilwane ezinjengezinyathi, izinyamazane noma amahhashi, ezinye zazo ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, futhi inezibalo ze-anthropomorphic kanye nemidwebo ethile engabonakali.

Le midwebo iyingxenye yocingo Isikole saseFranco-Cantabrian, ebonakala ngokuba ngokoqobo kwayo. Ziyi-polychrome, zinenqwaba emnyama, ebomvu ne-ocher futhi kukhona nemidwebo. Ngokuqondene nokutholakala kwayo, kwaqondana. I-Asturian yayithola I-Modesto Cubillas ngenkathi ezingela endaweni. Nokho, imidwebo yatholwa ngu UMarcelino Sanz de Sautuola nendodakazi yakhe, abasabalalisi bangempela bokubaluleka komhume.

Umhume waseChufin

Itholakala eduze kwedolobha lase Riclone, kaMasipala wase I-Rionansa, iyaphawuleka nangemidwebo yayo emigedeni. Endabeni yazo, ziyizithombe ezilula zezilwane, ikakhulukazi izinyamazane, ama-bovids nezimbuzi. Ngokufanayo, ungabona kuwo ezinye izimpawu ezifana nalezo ezibizwa imisele.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imidwebo yenziwa eminyakeni engaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili edlule, nakuba umhume wawugcwele kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili edlule, phakathi nale nkathi. Upper Solutrean. Uma singayibona namuhla, sikweleta umthwebuli wezithombe UManuel de Cos Borbolla, owayithola maphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX.

I-Covalanas Cave

Kutholakala kumasipala we Amagatsha Okunqoba, ifakwe eqenjini lemigede endaweni. Kwaziwa ngokuthi Indawo yokuvubukula yaseRamales futhi cishe bonke abayakhayo batholwa ngumpristi Lorenzo Sierra kanye nomvubukuli U-Hermilio Alcalde del Río.

Ukungena e-Covalanas kudlula endaweni yokukhosela enkulu yamadwala. Ngemva kwalokho, umgodi uhlukaniswa waba amagalari amabili acishe afane, kodwa imidwebo yomhume ingakwesokudla. Izibalo ezibomvu ze-zoomorphic zigcwele phakathi kwazo, ikakhulukazi izinyamazane, nakuba kukhona nehhashi nama-auroch. Ungayivakashela ephelezelwa umhlahlandlela.

El Pendo, omunye wemigede ehamba phambili e-Santander

Uzothola lesi sigqoko phakathi Escobedo de Camargo, eduze kakhulu netheku elihle lase-Santander. Owokuqala owayihlola nguyena oseshiwo ngenhla UMarcelino Sanz de Sautuola, nakuba imivubukulo eyinhloko yokuvubukula kamuva futhi yenziwa UJesu Carballo, UJulio Martinez Santaolalla kanye nabanye.

Lezi zinhlolovo azenzanga nje ukuthi kutholakale imisebenzi yakhe yezithombe, kodwa futhi nokuthola izingcezu eziningi ze-Prehistory ezifana, ngokwesibonelo, okuthiwa. Venus of Pendo, umhlobiso olengayo owenziwe ngezinyamazane zenyamazane.

Iphakathi kwemigede ehamba phambili e-Santander kokubili ngobukhulu bayo obukhulu kanye nenani lemidwebo yayo emigedeni. Lezi zenziwa nge-iron oxide futhi ikakhulukazi zizala izinyamazane, nakuba kukhona nembuzi, ihhashi kanye ne-aurochs engenzeka, kanye nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, izithombe ezintsha zisatholakala. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1997 i-frieze yonke eyabhalwa eminyakeni engaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili edlule yatholakala.

I-Hornos de la Peña

Itholakala entabeni eduze kwedolobha Phezulu, kumasipala we San Felices de Buelna. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iseduze kakhulu ne-Monte Castillo complex, esizokutshela ngayo kamuva. Iyona kuphela evulekele umphakathi lapho ungabona khona imifanekiso eqoshiwe futhi yatholakala ngo-1903.

Kubhekwa umgede lapho AmaNeanderthal okugcina ahlala enyakatho yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, kanye, kamuva, ama-sapiens okuqala. Ngokuqondene nemidwebo yayo, ephawulekayo phakathi kwayo ihhashi nenyathi engenakhanda esendlini yokuqala kwamabili. Ngokwengxenye yayo, okwesibili ungabona izibalo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu zezilwane ezifana nama-auroch, izimbuzi futhi, ngokulinganayo, i-bison namahhashi.

Ayenziwe ngeminwe odongeni noma nge-burin, eqopha edwaleni. Kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi uyazi ukuthi eminye yale midwebo injalo endala ogwini lwaseCantabrian, ngoba ngenxa ye Isiko le-Aurignacian (cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane edlule).

Umgede waseGarma

Kulokhu, inani le-geological kanye nemidwebo yalo yomhume kuhlangene. Ngoba lesi sikhala sitholakala endaweni I-karst complex yeNtaba iGarma, ebizwa kanjalo ngenxa yobuningi bokwakheka kwalolu hlobo oluvezayo. Uzoyithola phakathi kwamadolobha Omoño y I-Carriazo, okungaba, ngokulandelana, komasipala be Ribamontán al Monte y URibamontán al Mar.

Umhume unezitezi ezintathu futhi ukungena kusezingeni eliphezulu. Into yokuqala ozoyibona uhlobo lwendawo yokwamukela izivakashi bese kuthi, ngokusebenzisa igalari yayo enezinsongo, ufinyelele umhosha oya kuwo uye esitezi sesibili, esikhudlwana. Ngokufanayo, umhosha uholela esitezi esiphansi, esinamaphasishi amakhulu namakamelo. Njengoba sakutshela, bonke bakhona ama-karst formations angenangqondo.

Ngokuqondene nemidwebo, yenziwe ngombala omnyama nobomvu futhi imelela izibalo zezilwane ezinjengezinyamazane, izimbuzi, amahhashi noma ama-bovids. Ngokufanayo, i-a indawo enkulu yezinto ezingaphansi kwe-Upper Paleolithic.

I-Monte Castillo Caves

Leli qembu le-geological and rock litholakala endaweni kamasipala IViesgo Bridge. Yakhiwe ngemigodi emine: iLas Monedas, iLas Chimeneas, iLa Pasiega ne-El Castillo. Okubaluleke kancane yi- Umcibisholo Umgede, nakuba indawo yemivubukulo nayo itholakele lapho.

Umgodi we inqaba Futhi ingomunye wemigede ehamba phambili e-Santander, kokubili ngenani layo ledwala nokubaluleka kwalo ngokomlando. Eqinisweni, ubufakazi bomuntu kusukela eminyakeni eyikhulu namashumi amahlanu edlule buye batholakala endaweni yayo yokwamukela izivakashi. Phakathi kwazo, amasampula a ukuhlalisana okungenzeka phakathi kwamaNeanderthal okugcina nama-sapiens akudala. Imidwebo yabo emigedeni nayo ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba bayethula anhlobonhlobo amasu nezitayela. Ngokuqondene nendikimba, ingaphezu kwayo yonke i-zoological, enezithombe zenyathi, amahhashi nezinyamazane. Kodwa kukhona izandla kanye nezimpawu enigmatic.

Cishe amamitha angamakhulu ayisithupha ukusuka kuyo Las Monedas emhumeni. Njengelukuluku, sizokutshela ukuthi igama layo livela eqinisweni lokuthi yayineqoqo lezinhlamvu zemali kusukela ngesikhathi Amakhosi amaKatolika. Imidwebo yakhe iveza amabhere, amahhashi nezimbuzi ngamathoni amnyama.

Futhi Amashimula Iqanjwe ngenxa yesimo esiyilukuluku. Kulokhu, kubhekiselwa koshimula ababili be-karst abaxhuma iphansi layo eliphezulu nelingaphansi. Eyakamuva iyona ethakazelisayo, njengoba eyokuqala ingaphezu kwe-labyrinth. Phansi phansi kunemidwebo eveza izinyamazane nezinye izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwatholakala izinsalela zezitsha ezenziwe ngensengetsha.

Ekugcineni, i La Pasiega umhume Inegalari eyinhloko ekala amamitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa futhi lapho kuvela khona amanye amafushane nasongayo esibili. Ngokunjalo, ibinezindlela zokuphuma eziyisithupha, kodwa ezine zivinjiwe. Ngokuqondene nokubonakaliswa kwayo emhumeni, ziyizibalo zezilwane ezinjengamahhashi noma izinyamazane, kodwa kukhona nezimpawu ezimbalwa ezingabonakali. Njengamanje, lesi sikhala sisavaliwe. Ukuze uyivakashele, kuzodingeka ucele imvume ku-Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Sports of Cantabria.

I-Cueva del Soplao, nayo iphakathi kwemigede ehamba phambili e-Santander ngenani layo le-geological

Imigodi eyishumi esesibalulile kuze kube manje yilezo ezimenyezelwe njengeziNdawo Zamagugu Omhlaba ngokubaluleka kwazo komlando kanye nedwala. Kodwa manje sizokhuluma nawe mayelana ne-Soplao njenge-exponent enkulu kakhulu yemigede ene- isithakazelo esikhulu sokwakheka komhlaba. Eqinisweni, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kucatshangelwa esiyingqayizivele emhlabeni wonke.

Hhayi ngeze, inobude obucishe bube ngamakhilomitha angamashumi amabili ngaphansi kwe Izintaba ze-Arnero, nakuba ungavakashela ezine kuphela. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, isatshalaliswa komasipala base U-Herrerías, u-Valdáliga no-Ríonansa. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukutholakala kwayo kube ngengozi ngenkathi kumbiwa. Eqinisweni, uhambo luqala kwenye yegalari yemayini. Uhambo lwenziwa futhi ujantshi omncane futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ukulandelana okumangalisayo kokwakheka kwe-whimsical rock. Kukhona ama-stalactites amaningi (amanye ama-eccentric), ama-stalagmite, ama-flowstones noma amakholomu.

Sengiphetha, sikubonise i- Imihume engcono kakhulu e-Santander. Kodwa baningi abanye. Phakathi kwalezo zenani le-geological, nazo ziyagqama labo baseCullalvera naseSopeña. Ngokwengxenye yabo, lezo ezibalulekile zamadwala ziphelezelwa yizimbotshana ezifana lezo zePorquerizo, iFuente de Salín, iMicolón noma iLas Aguas. Woza uthole leli gugu elimangalisayo elikunikeza lona Cantabria futhi lokho kumane kungenye yezimangaliso zayo eziningi.