Singathola abaningi amajele alahliwe eSpain. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwezikhungo zejele ezweni lakithi kwenziwa ngokwakhiwa kwamajele amaningana anamuhla. Ngenxa yalokho, iningi lalezo ezikhona zahlala zingenalutho.
Nokho, ezinye zazo zingaphambili kakhulu, ikakhulukazi Ephakathi. Ngokufanayo, ezinye zinikwe amandla emisebenzi emisha. Kunoma yikuphi, bonke namuhla bayingxenye yokuvakasha kwejele okwaqala eminyakeni eminingi edlule e- Ijele lase-Alcatraz de i-San Francisco (USA). Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa amanye amajele ahlaba umxhwele alahliwe eSpain.
Pedraza Prison
Ijele leNkathi Ephakathi likaPedraza
Itholakala kuleli dolobha esifundazweni sase Segovia, ingeyalawo majele eNkathi Ephakathi alokhu emile. Kulokhu, isakhiwo esasihlala kuso siyisikhumbuzo esihle esakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX njenge umlindo odongeni.
Eqinisweni, angeke kushiwo ukuthi ishiywe, kodwa kunalokho ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo wejele. Ngoba ungavakashela khona uthole ukuthi impilo yayinzima kangakanani eziboshwa. Abantu abavamile babehlala beminyene ezitokisini ezimbili ezingamamitha-skwele ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela. Okubi nakakhulu kwakuyizimo zalabo ababelahlwe amacala anzima. Baphonswa ngomnyango wesicupho emakamelweni angaphansi angahlanzekile.
Ngokuqondene nezivimbelo, emini zazingakwazi ukunyakaza, kodwa lapho kufika ubusuku, zagcinwa ezitokisini nasemaketangeni ukuze kuphephe umgcini wejele, owayehlala lapho. Uma uyivakashela, uzokwazi futhi ukubona a imnyuziyamu encane esilandisa ngakho konke esisanda kukutshela kona.
Barcelona Model Prison
Ijele Eliyisibonelo laseBarcelona
Kwaze kwaba kuvalwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule, bekuyijele elisebenzayo endala eCatalonia, njengoba yayivuliwe kusukela ngo-1904. Ithatha amabhulokhi amabili e-Ensanche yase-Barcelona, phakathi kwe-Entenza, i-Rosellón, i-Provenza ne-Nicaragua imigwaqo. Abadwebi bezakhiwo ababephethe ukuklama kwaba Salvador Vinyals y Josep Domènech, abagqugquzelwa izimiso ezisungulwe ngu ujeremy bentham emajele ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX.
Ngokusho kwabo, inohlelo lwe-radial olunama-nave amakhulu ayisithupha ahlangana emzimbeni omaphakathi ombozwe nge-dome. Kulokhu kwakukhona isikhungo sokuqapha (the i-panopticon ukuthi uBentham uhlongoze). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijele lalinamabhilidi amaningi ayisijobelelo anikezelwe emakhishini, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, indawo yeziguli kanye neminye imisebenzi, kanye namavulandi nezingadi.
I-Zamora, elinye lamajele adume kakhulu phakathi kwamajele angasasetshenziswa eSpain
Igalari yejele
Manje sifika ejele elidala laseZamora futhi siyakutshela ukuthi lingelinye lamajele adumile eSpain ngenxa yokuthi kwaqoshwa ifilimu edume kakhulu eyaklonyeliswa ngoGoyas abayisishiyagalombili. Imayelana Iseli 211, kuqondiswe ngu UDaniel Monzon futhi ihunyushwe ngu Luis Tosar, Alberto Amman, Marta Etura kanye no-Antonio Resines, phakathi kwabanye abalingisi. Njengoba uzokhumbula, yalandisa, ngokuqondile, isiphithiphithi esinonya sasejele.
Yavalwa eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nanye edlule futhi itholakala emgwaqweni Almaraz de Duero. Yahlala amaphekula ayingozi avela ku-ETA nase-GRPO, kodwa futhi nabapristi abaningi abalahlwe yizinyunyana nezizathu zezombangazwe. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona ababhali Xabier Amuriza y U-Lluis María Xirinacs. Eyokuqala yazo i-versolari edumile (i-verse improviser) kanye ne-revitalizer yolimi lwesi-Basque. Ngokwengxenye yakhe, owesibili kwakuyisazi sefilosofi esifanele esaba yilungu lephalamende kuNguquko.
I-Fort yaseSan Cristobal
Ijele laseSan Cristóbal, elinye lamajele amangalisa kakhulu phakathi kwamajele alahliwe eSpain
Futhi ubizwa Inqaba ye-Alfonso XII, itholakala eNtabeni i-Ezkaba noma iSan Cristóbal, okuyigama layo. Ingekamasipala wase-Antsoain, eduze Pamplona. Ngokuqondile, ngenxa yendawo yayo, ibusa isifunda senhloko-dolobha yaseNavarrese enyakatho nangaphezulu.
Yakhiwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka U-Alfonso XII, njengoba kuboniswa umbhalo ongawubona kukhava yayo yokufinyelela. Umsebenzi wayo wasekuqaleni wawunjengenqaba yokuzivikela, ayizange iguqulwe yaba ijele kwaze kwaba ngu-1934 futhi yahlala injalo iminyaka eyisikhombisa kuphela.
Kakade ngo-1941 kwakuhloswe ukuba isifo sofuba sanatorium. Lesi kwakuyisifo esasiqeda isibalo sabantu ngaleso sikhathi futhi kwakunenkolelo yokuthi izindawo eziphakeme zazikhulula ukuphefumula kweziguli. Ngakho-ke umsebenzi wayo omusha. Kamuva, waba nabanye. Eqinisweni, yasetshenziswa njengendawo yokugcina izikhali kwaze kwaba ngu-1987, nakuba yayigadiwe kwaze kwaba ngu-1991 lapho yagcina iyekwa.
Umklami wayo wayenguColonel we-Corps of Engineers UMiguel Ortega, owaklama inqaba enamakona amaningi futhi, ukuze yakhiwe, ingxenye yesiqongo sentaba kwadingeka iqhunyiswe. Ngale ndlela, izitezi eziningana zihlala ngaphakathi kwentaba. Ngokufanayo, izungezwe umsele futhi ithatha indawo engaphezu kwamamitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ayisithupha, lapho kwakhiwa izinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, Ayizange isetshenziswe njengenqaba. Ukuvela kwezikhali zesimanje ezifana nezinganono ezihamba ibanga elide noma ukuhamba kwezindiza kuyenze yaphelelwa yisikhathi njengesakhiwo samasosha.
Ijele laseBroto
Ijele laseBroto
Sibuyela ekupheleni kweNkathi Ephakathi ukuze sikutshele ngelinye lamajele alahliwe anelukuluku lokwazi kakhulu eSpain. Itholakala edolobheni elincane laseHuesca ngiyahluma futhi yasebenza njengetilongo leziboshwa ezivela kuso sonke isigodi. Uzoyithola eduze kwebhuloho leGothic phezu kwe Umfula i-Ara.
Eqinisweni, lakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX ngesikhathi esifanayo naleli futhi libe neqhaza ekulivikeleni. Ngokufanayo, eduze kwayo uzothola i- Indlu yesigodi, okuyindawo lapho ubulungisa benziwa khona kuyo yonke indawo yaseBroto.
Eqinisweni, ingumbhoshongo onohlelo lwesitezi esingu-quadrangular nezindonga eziqinile ezinezintuba kanye nefasitela. Inezitezi ezintathu futhi ifinyeleleka phakathi nendawo, kusukela eCasa del Valle eshiwo ngenhla. Elingenhla lifinyelelwa ngezitebhisi eziwumngcingo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kweliphansi kunamagumbi amabili amancane asebenza njengezitokisi zalabo abagwetshwe ngamacala abucayi kakhulu.
Uma uvakashela lo mbhoshongo uzohlabeka umxhwele imidwebo eminingi ezindongeni zayo ezazenziwe iziboshwa ezifanayo phakathi kwekhulu le-XNUMX nelama-XNUMX. Lena eminye imilayezo, kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, imidwebo emele izingqikithi ezihluke kakhulu. Kukhona ezenkolo nezejiyomethri, kodwa futhi kukhona eziningi ezidala kabusha izilwane nezihlahla. Imidwebo yenziwe inqubo yokubuyisela ngenxa yayo ukubaluleka kwe-ethnographic. Banikeza ulwazi oluningi mayelana nomphakathi wasePyrenean wamakhulu eminyaka adlule.
Ijele elidala lase-Alcalá de Guadaira
Ukungena ejele
Laziwa ngaleli gama ngoba lalisebenza njengejele kusukela ngo-1850 kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ekhulwini elidlule. Kodwa ingesinye sezakhiwo ezinomlando omkhulu edolobheni laseSevillian. Ukwakhiwa kwekhulu le-XNUMX, kuze kube yi-XNUMX, kwasebenza njengesibhedlela segazi sabesifazane. Futhi lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu ngoba lubalulekile enye yezinsalela ezimbalwa ezisele kubo esifundazweni saseSeville, lapho kwakukhona abangaphezu kwekhulu.
Kodwa amanani alesi sakhiwo awagcini lapho, etholakala kuSánchez Perrier Street, ngemuva kwesakhiwo esihle. esontweni likaSantiago El Mayor. Cishe yakhiwe kusetshenziswa endala indlu ye-mudejar kanye nekhanvasi ye Udonga engaphansi kwenqaba ebabazekayo yedolobha. Kukho konke lokhu, iziphathimandla zase-Alcalá de Guadaira zicabanga ukumba ingaphakathi layo bese ziqhubekela ekuyilungiseni.
Amajele asetshenziselwe eminye imisebenzi
Ijele elidala laseSegovia
Ukuze siqedele isihloko sethu esiphathelene namajele alahliwe eSpain, sizokhuluma nawe ngamanye amajele angasasebenzi kanjalo, kodwa aqhubeka esetshenziswa ngendlela ehlukile. Isibonelo esihle salokhu esidala Ijele lasePalencia, okumanje Isikhungo samasiko. Yisakhiwo esihle neomudejar kusukela ekhulwini le-XNUMX elivelele ngezitini zalo ezibomvu. Ngemva kokubuyiselwa, unomtapo wolwazi kaMasipala onamagumbi okufunda amathathu nelinye elinikezelwe izingane, kanye nehholo elihlala abantu abayikhulu namashumi amathathu nesishiyagalolunye.
Icala elilodwa nakakhulu elomuzi wase Segovia, ngoba inakho amajele amabili amadala manje usenolunye usizo. Okwakudala Ijele Lasebukhosini, esikuJuan Bravo Street, manje isiwuMtapo Wolwazi Kamasipala. Sikweluleka ukuthi uyivakashele ngoba iyisakhiwo esihle se-classicist. Njenge-anecdote, sizokutshela ukuthi umbhalo omkhulu uboshiwe lapho I-Lope de Vega.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, i Ijele lesifundazwe elidala laseSegovia Namuhla iyisikhungo esinemikhakha eminingi yokudala ezobuciko. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1891, nakuba ingazange ivulwe kwaze kwaba ngo-1924 njengejele labesifazane. Ngokwezakhiwo, igqame ngombhoshongo wayo omkhulu omaphakathi kanye neminye emincane emikhawulweni yamanye ama-nave, kodwa futhi nangokuqina kokwakhiwa, okufakwe izindonga ezibanzi neziqinile.
Njengasendabeni esandulele esikuchazele yona ngoZamora, ijele elidala laseSegovia liye lasebenza ifilimu kanye nesethi yethelevishini. Izigcawu ezivela kumamuvi afana indoda yobuso obuyinkulungwane kanye nochungechunge olufana Inxusa y Ake ungitshele ukuthi kwenzeke kanjani, ngaphezu kwezikhangiso eziningi, amadokhumentari ngisho namavidiyo omculo. Eqinisweni, yindlunkulu ye- Segovian Film Office, okufanele uye kuyo uma ufuna ukuyivakashela.
Sengiphetha, sikubonise okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu amajele alahliwe eSpain. Kodwa singabala abanye abafana ISan Cristóbal, eGran Canaria; lokho kwe Santa Ana, eLa Coruña, noma leyo ye Can Brians, e-Barcelona. Qhubeka uhlangane nabo, bazokuthinta.