ICuzco kwakuyi- inhlokodolobha yombuso wamaInca futhi, ngezikhathi zamakholoni, kwaba elinye lamadolobha abaluleke kakhulu eViceroyalty yasePeru. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi lokho okwakuyisikhungo sezinzwa zombuso omkhulu kunayo yonke eMelika yangaphambi kweColumbian namuhla kugcina ubuhle balezo zindawo lapho umlando uphefumulelwa khona. Lokhu kuqinisekiswe yi-UNESCO, okwathi ngo-1983, yamemezela iCuzco Amagugu Omhlaba.
Okunye okuheha leli dolobha yilo ukunotha kwezwe. Uku elisezintabeni i-Andes, ngamamitha angu-3399 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, inezimo zezulu ezikhetheke kakhulu okuyinikeza ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, uma uvakashela ePeru, ICuzco nendawo ezungezile kufanele kube yisitobhisi esiyimpoqo kumzila wakho.
Ukuze ungaphuthelwa yimvelo ebukeka kahle, ingcebo yokuvubukula nezikhumbuzo endaweni, ngizokunikeza kulokhu okuthunyelwe hlela ngezindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu ongazivakashela eCuzco futhi ngizokunikeza imininingwane ngemisebenzi nohambo ongalwenza eduze kwedolobha.
Yini ongayivakashela edolobheni laseCuzco
Ingqikithi ye-Inca yeCuzco
Ngokwenganekwane eyasungula, iCuzco yadalwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule ngokwakhiwa kukankulunkulu we-Quechua we-Sun, Inti. Yize zikhona izinganekwane ezahlukahlukene ezungeze ukusungulwa komuzi, Ngizokwabelana nawe ngaleyo eyasakazwa yi-Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Kwakungowokuqala abangitshela wona lapho ngifika eCuzco futhi, mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokho, kunendawo ekhethekile enkumbulweni yami.
Ngokomlando, eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule unkulunkulu welanga wathumela amadodana akhe amabili emhlabeni, UManco Cápac noMama Ocllo, ngomsebenzi wokusungula idolobha elisha. Abafowethu bahamba ngomkhumbi eLake Titicaca, bahamba nabo induku yegolide okwathi lapho ifinyelela eCuzco yanamuhla, yabethelwa emhlabathini ngokushaya okukodwa. Ngakho-ke kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi indawo ezokwakhiwa kulowo muzi omusha
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke inganekwane, iqiniso elingokomlando eliqinisekisiwe ukuthi ICuzco yayiyisikhungo samandla ombuso wamaInca Nanamuhla izinsalela zomunye wemiphakathi ebaluleke kakhulu futhi yasendulo eNingizimu Melika zisagcinwa edolobheni. Uma ufuna ukwazi iCuzco, kufanele uqale ngezimpande zayo, yingakho ngifuna ukuhlanganyela nawe ezinye zezindawo ezizokusiza ukuthola ingqikithi ye-Inca yeCuzco.
Qorikancha
IQorikancha ibiyi ithempeli elikhulu le-Inca elakhiwe eCuzco. Igama layo livela ekuhlanganeni kwamagama amabili esiQuechua: "quiri", igolide, ne-kancha, ithempeli. Kuleli "thempeli legolide" Indi, unkulunkulu weLanga kwakukhonzwa. Isakhiwo saso esihle nokuhlobisa okuhehayo kwakuyisihlonipho kunkulunkulu. Ingaphambili lalakhiwe ngodonga lwetshe futhi, ngokusho kwezindaba zesikhathi, kufakwe uhlobo lwe umngcele wegolide elimsulwa.
Ngeshwa, ngokufika kweSpanish, ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni kweQorikancha kwanyamalala futhi, kugcinwa izindonga zethempeli, kwakhiwa isigodlo seSanto Domingo (1963), owokuqala we-oda laseDominican ePeru. Izisekelo ze-Inca zazimbozwe ngosimende nemidwebo yamaKatolika, kwaze kwaba ngo-1650 ukuzamazama komhlaba kwabangela ukuba lesi sakhiwo siwe kancane, kuvusa izinsalela zethempeli elidala. Ungakhohlwa ukuvakashela iQorikancha, kuyisibonelo esihle se- izakhiwo ze-hybrid futhi r bukhomaokukhombisa izigaba ezakha iCuzco namuhla.
Itshe lama-engeli ayi-12
I-12 Angle Stone, etholakala kuHatum Rumiyoq Street, iyi- itshe block "green diorite" leyo bekuyingxenye ye- Isigodlo se-Inca Roca. Itshe eliphakathi nodonga inama-engeli ayi-12, yingakho igama layo, liqoshwe ngokunemba ngokweqile nokuthi hlanganisa ngokuphelele nazo zonke izingcezu. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo, oluvame kakhulu esikweni lama-Inca, lwavumela ukuthi amatshe afakwe ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lodaka. Ukuthi izigodlo namathempeli akhiwe ngale ndlela asamile kungubufakazi bokuqina kwawo.
Isigodlo, esakhiwa ngomyalo we-Inca Roca, sasiphinde sibe yindawo yokuhlala inzalo yakhe kwaze kwafika iSpanish (ngekhulu le-XNUMX). Ngesikhathi samakholoni yaphangwa futhi, ngokugcina udonga oludumile njengesisekelo, abaseSpain bakha iNdlu yeMarquis yaseBuenavista kanye neNdlu yaseMarquis yaseRocafuente. Ekugcineni, lesi sakhiwo sanikelwa esontweni saba yiNdlunkulu ka-Archbishop. Njengamanje, kubuye kube yiMnyuziyamu Wezobuciko Bezenkolo wedolobha laseCuzco.
Yize i-priori ucabanga ukuthi ukubona udonga lwetshe akuyona into ekhangayo, ngincoma ukuthi ungeqi lesi sitobhi lapho wenza uhambo lwakho eCuzco. Ubukhulu betshe nokupheleliswa kwesakhiwo ngeke kukushiye ungenandaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba semgwaqweni womphakathi, ngeke kudingeke ukhokhe noma yini ukuze usivakashele futhi ngeke wazi noma yiluphi uhlelo, ungaluvakashela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.
Amanxiwa eSacsayhuamán
Uma sikhuluma ngezinsalela ze-Inca zemivubukulo, sicabanga ngqo ngoMachu Pichu. Noma kunjalo, eCuzco kunezinye izindawo zemivubukulo namanxiwa amadolobha asendulo okufanele ukuvakashelwa. Yize kuyizindawo zokuvakasha ezingaphansi, zithakazelisa ngokulinganayo futhi zinikela ingxenye yokuhlala kwakho edolobheni ukuzithola, ngaphandle kokungabaza, kuyimpumelelo enkulu.
Eduzane kakhulu neCuzco, cishe Ukuhamba ngemizuzu engama-30 ukusuka ePlaza de Armas, Amanxiwa eSacsayhuamán. Inqaba yasendulo ye-Inca isesiqongweni segquma eliphakeme, endaweni ebabazekayo. Empeleni, kusukela emanxiweni ungakwazi jabulela ukubukwa okuhle kakhulu kwe-panoramic kweCusco. I- "Sacsayhuamán" yigama eliqhamuka eQuechua futhi lingahunyushwa ngokuthi: "indawo lapho uswazi luthishelwe khona", mhlawumbe igama linikezwa oKlebe abahamba phezu komsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha.
ISacsayhumá kwakuwumuzi oyiqiniso, omkhulu, okugcinwe kuwo ama-x ha kuphela. Bekuhlala zonke izinhlobo zokwakhiwa: izakhiwo ezingcwele nezomkhosi, izindawo zokuhlala, imibhoshongo, imisele yamanzi ... Edolobheni lase-Inca kusenemihubhe, amasango, izindonga nemibhoshongo futhi, yize ingxenye enkulu ilahlekile, Kulula ukucabanga ngobukhulu nobukhazikhazi eyayinakho ngaphambili.
Umzila odlula efeni le-Viceroyalty
Isikhathi samakoloni sashintsha ngokuphelele idolobha laseCuzco. Ngemuva kokufika kweSpanish, izakhiwo eziningi ze-Inca zacekelwa phansi noma zaguqulwa, zahlanganisa idolobha lapho isitayela se-Inca sihlalisana ne-baroque engeniswe ngabahlali. Ngemuva kokuzamazama komhlaba kuka-1650, kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziningi kuleli dolobha, okwadala i- IMuzumental Cuzco ebonakala ngokuba khona kwezakhiwo zenkolo. Ukwakhiwa kwamakoloni eCuzco kuyamangalisa futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngokuningiliziwe. Ngihlanganyela nawe lawo, okungenani kimi, amaphuzu abalulekile uma ufuna ukucabanga ukuthi inhlokodolobha ye-Inca yayiqonde kangakanani kwi-Viceroyalty yasePeru.
Indawo yaseSan Blas
IBarrio de San Blas ivuselelwe ngokuphelele ngokufika kweSpanish, ngakho-ke kuyisibonelo esihle sokwakhiwa kwamakoloni. Imigwaqo yayo emaweni, phansi kwamatshe kanye nezitebele ezakhiwe emigwaqweni kunika le ndawo impilo ekhethekile nentshisekelo enkulu yabavakashi.
ICuzco Cathedral
Kutholakala ePlaza de Armas, kulokho okwakuyiNdlunkulu ye-Inca Wiracocha, iCathedral of Cuzco namuhla esinye sezibonelo ezisobala kakhulu zeBaroque ePeru futhi sekuyithempeli lamaKristu elibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke idolobha.
Amasonto aseCuzco
ISonto lafika kuleli nabahlali baseSpain, kanye nalo, kwakhiwa izindawo eziningi zokukhonzela zamaKatolika kanye nezindela ezazisedolobheni. Ngo-1973, UMnyango Wezemfundo umemezele Amagugu Esizwe Esizwe endaweni enhle kakhulu yaseCuzco, ukubona ubuhle nokubaluleka komlando walezi zakhiwo. Uma uhamba eCuzco enkulu, ISonto Lenkampani kanye neThempeli LikaMusa ukuvakashelwa okuyisibopho.
Yazi idolobha ngenye indlela
Ukubuka indawo akuyona nje ukuvakashela izakhiwo nezikhumbuzo eziyizimpawu. Kwesinye isikhathi, sithatha isithombe sangempela sedolobha esizulazula ngokungenanjongo emigwaqweni yaso noma sivakashela izimakethe zasendaweni futhi sibona imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Ifa lomlando nelikhulu leCuzco alinakuphikwa, kepha futhi kunjalo idolobha liyiqiniso impela. Uma ngabe ufuna ukumunca isiko lasePeruvia kanye nokufuna yazi le jewel yasePeru ngomunye umbonoNakani izindawo engizokuphakamisa kuzo ngezansi.
Imakethe yaseSan Pedro
Etholakala eduze kweCalle Santa Clara, iMercado de San Pedro, eyasungulwa ngo-1925, iyaqhubeka nokuba yi umsuka wezohwebo zasendaweni eCuzco. Imikhiqizo emisha, ubuciko bendabuko, izimbali, izinongo, ophudingi abajwayelekile banqwabelana ngendawo, bakha ukuqhuma kwemibala nokunambitheka ezikucwilisa ngokuzumayo emasikweni asePeruvia.
Uzozwa abantu bekhuluma ngesiQuechua, abathengisi abanobuhlakani baphakamisa amazwi abo ukubeka impilo yabo yokugcina futhi uzoba yingxenye yalabo bavakashi abangenalwazi abahlangana nabantu baseCuzco abeza ukuzothenga khona nsuku zonke futhi abangasayithandi imininingwane yesikhundla ngasinye.
Zama ama-dessert, ukudla okujwayelekile (ngokuqapha uma unesisu esibucayi), xoxa nabanini bezitolo bese ucwilisa konke okudlulisa amehlo akho. Uma unesithakazelo ku-gastronomy futhi ufuna ukwazi isiko lasePeruvia kuqala, faka iMercado de San Blas ohlwini lwakho "lwezinto okufanele uzenze eCuzco."
vuka
Ngokwami, enye yezinto zokuqala engithanda ukuzenza lapho ngifika okusha edolobheni ukukhuphukela endaweni yokubuka, kukhuphuka ngcono, ukwazisa ubukhulu bayo. IPukamuqu, yindawo ekahle yokucabanga ngeCuzco kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Kutholakala cishe imizuzu engama-30 uhamba usuka esikhungweni esinomlando, eduze kwesifanekiso sika-White Christ, IPukumaqu ngumbono wemvelo ozokunikeza umbono ongenakulibaleka wedolobha. Ukuhlelwa kwemigwaqo, uphahla olubomvu, izakhiwo ezihlangana ndawonye esigodini nasemagqumeni kude, zakha isithombe se-Cuzco ongeke ukwazi ukugwema ukuthandana naso.
Yikuphi ukuvakasha ongakwenza kusuka eCusco
Machu Picchu
Ngamamitha angu-2.430 ukuphakama nasenkabeni yehlathi elishisayo, iMachu Picchu. Idolobha lasendulo le-Inca, elizungezwe izintaba, selibe ngesinye sezindawo ezivakashelwa kakhulu emhlabeni futhi Ithathwa njengesinye sezimangaliso eziyi-7 zomhlaba wanamuhla Angimangali! Izinsalela zokwakha, izindonga, amasimu, kutholakala phakathi kwamafu anikeza amanxiwa imilingo kanye nemfihlakalo ekhetheke kakhulu.
Hay amafomula amaningi okufika eMachu Pichu Ukusuka eCuzco ungafika mahhala (ngesitimela, ngemoto, noma ngebhasi) noma ngokuqasha izinsizakalo ze-ejensi. Okufanele ukukhumbule uma uzihambela ngokwakho ukuthi, njengoba uyisikhala esinenani eliphakeme kangaka lomlando, imithethonqubo yokuvakashela ipaki inzima impelaUngangena kuphela uhambisana nomhlahlandlela osemthethweni futhi kufanele uthenge ithikithi lakho. Zama ukwenza lezi zinyathelo ezimbili kusengaphambili, ngokushesha nje lapho ubhukha uhambo lwakho, ngoba ukuba yindawo ematasa kangaka nalapho amandla alinganiselwe khona, ungalahlekelwa yithuba lokulazi.
Maras
UMaras uyi- idolobha elihle lasePeru, etholakala ngamamitha angu-3.300 4 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi cishe amakhilomitha ama-XNUMX ukusuka eCusco. Idolobha elincane laziwa ngamafulethi alo anosawoti. Kwakhiwe emathangeni, i- imithombo engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu kasawoti wemvelo balungiselela ukwakheka kwezwe okuyingqayizivele okungeke kukushiye ungenandaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphakathi kwezimayini zikasawoti, imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngosawoti okhishiwe iyathengiswa. Uma ufuna ukuthatha isikhumbuzo kumuntu okhethekile, ungazisebenzisa lezi zikhundla, ngakho-ke ungazisebenzisa uma ufuna ukuthenga isipho noma isikhumbuzo sangempela.
Kungaba njalo fika eMaras ngebhasi usuka eCuzco bese uthatha itekisi eMaras ukuze ufinyelele emaflethini kasawoti. Enye inketho ukuqasha amanye amafayela we- izinkambo ezinikezwa yizikhungo zezokuvakasha ezibandakanya ezokuhamba. Kukhona ama-ejensi anikezela ngamathuba okufinyelela ezimayini zikasawoti ngesithuthuthu noma nge-quad. Okuhlangenwe nakho kuyamangalisa, kunconywa kakhulu uma uhamba ngeqembu.
Amathiphu awusizo ohambo lwakho oluya eCusco
Ungayishintsha kanjani imali eCusco
Ukushintsha imali eCuzco kulula impela, kukhona izindlu zokushintshanisa yonke indawo, ikakhulukazi esikhungweni esinomlando, futhi amanani ngokuvamile avamile. Ngaphambi kokushintsha, nge-calculator yakho yenza ama-akhawunti ngokwakho, ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukuthi kufanele bakunikeze malini futhi ngeke kudingeke ungene enkingeni yokufuna imali uma kunephutha bese uthola kamuva.
Eduze kwezindlu zokushintshanisa nasemigwaqweni ematasa yesikhungo, bavame ukukunikeza shintshela kokumnyama. Yize ushintsho lungabonakala lunenzuzo enkulu, Angikukhuthazi ngoba bangakucathamela izikweletu ezingekho emthethweni kuwe unganakile.
Uzungeza kanjani iCuzco
Ngenhlanhla, iCuzco idolobha lelo imbozwe kahle kakhulu ngezinyawo. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi uhambe kancane kusuka esikhungweni esinomlando futhi ungahle ufune ukuvakashela izindawo ezikude kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngizokunikeza imihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nokuhamba eCusco.
I-Taxis
Amatekisi eCuzco Zishibhile kakhulu, ukufuduka kuseduze nezinyawo eziyishumi zePeruvia (okulingana nama-10 euros). Uma ungena eqenjini, kuyindlela enhle nezindleko ezingabizi kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, abantu bathembekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuba yizivakashi sihlala sengozini yokuthi amanani ethu anyuswe noma angene etekisini yamapirate singazi (eCuzco kukhona). Ukugwema lolu hlobo lwesimo, kungcono ukumisa umuntu lapho emgwaqweni bese ubuza ukuthi uhambo luvame ukushiya malini. Izokunikeza inani elizokusiza ukuthi wahlulele uma umshayeli wetekisi ekunikeza amanani wangempela. Ngaphambi kokungena, zama ukuvumelana ngezinga nomshayeli, uyogwema izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ngisho ukuthi angizange ngihlangane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga.
Amabhasi
Amabhasi eCuzco Ziphethwe yizinkampani ezizimele. Imoto ngayinye inophawu olukhombisa ukuthi bayaphi. Intengo yethikithi icishe ibe ngamathesi angu-0,70, okucishe kulingane nama-cents ayi-15 futhi ukhokha ngaphakathi kwebhasi. Kwenzeka kaningi, njalo ngemizuzu emibili noma emithathu.
Ithikithi lezokuvakasha laseCusco
ICuzco Tourist Ticket iyisimangaliso sangempela. Isebenza njengohlobo lwe ivawusha evumela ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezithakazelisa izivakashi endaweni. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathikithi: ithikithi lezokuvakasha elibalulekile, elikuvumela ukuthi uvakashele izindawo eziyi-16; namathikithi ayingxenye, avumela ukungena kwezinye zezindawo ezikulolo hlu.
Uma uzoba seCuzco isikhathi eside, angicabangi ngakho. Yize i-BTC ingafaki ukungena kweMachu Picchu, kufanelekile futhi imele ukonga okuphawulekayo lapho ungena ezindaweni eziyizifanekiselo kakhulu zedolobha.
Izinkambo Zamahhala
Akufani nokuvakashela iCuzco uwedwa kunokuthola usizo lomhlahlandlela. I- izinkambo zamahhala wakhe Kunconywe kakhulu kubahambi abafuna ukwazi imininingwane yomlando kuwo wonke amakhona abawathola enhlokodolobha yasendulo yoMbuso wama-Inca.
Kunezinkampani ezahlukahlukene ezizihlelayo futhi, ngokujwayelekile, zisuka enkabeni yomlando wedolobha. Umsebenzi ulula kakhulu, uyabhalisa (ungakwenza nge-inthanethi) futhi ekugcineni kohambo unikeza umhlahlandlela inani olibona lifanele.
Qaphela ukugula kokuphakama!
Njengamamitha amaningi kangaka ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, isivakashi esivakashele iCuzco singathola ukugula okusabekayo "kokuphakama". Yize kumnandi impela futhi kukhona labo abanesikhathi esibi impela Imvamisa kwenzeka lapho usunedolobha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ubukhulu bezimpawu buxhomeke esimweni ngasinye, kepha imvamisa kuholela esiyezi, isicanucanu nekhanda.
Ukugwema ukugula kokuphakama, kungcono kakhulu thola ukuphumula okuningi, ungadli ukudla okukhulu kakhulu, futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi. Lapho bahlafuna amaqabunga e-coca ukuze balwe nayo. Uma ungomunye walabo abahlangabezana nezimpawu ezibucayi kakhulu futhi "ukugula kokuphakama" kuphazamisa uhambo lwakho, ungathinta ikhemisi, kunemithi ethile eyidlayo.
Amanzi nokudla
Uma ungumfokazi, akukhuthazwa ukuphuza amanzi ompompi ePeru. Yize abanye abantu basePeru beyithatha ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kungenzeka ukuthi wena, njengoba ungayijwayele, kungakwenza uzizwe kabi. Kungcono ukungazibeki engcupheni uphuze kuphela amanzi ahlungiwe noma asemabhodleleni.
Ngokuqondene nokudla, kwenzeka into efanayo. Akukona ukuthi ukudla kwasemgwaqweni kubi noma konakele, kepha kungaba nolaka esiswini esingajwayele. Qaphela ukuthi uzama ini futhi uphathe imishanguzo yokunciphisa isifo sohudo, uma kungenzeka.