Imishanguzo yokuhambela eBrazil

Ukukhuluma ngemigomo yokuya eBrazil kusho ukukwenza amathiphu, hhayi yezibopho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhulumeni waseBrazil akadingi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokugoma ukungena ezweni. Ngaphandle kwezidingo ezisuselwa kulo bhubhane (nayi i-athikili ekhuluma nge la mazinga ngesizwe), Azikho izimo zenhlanzeko ezisemthethweni zokuvakashela amazwe aseRio de Janeiro.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi iBrazil iyizwe lesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Inamakhilomitha-skwele angaphezu kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalombili futhi ifaka ukwehluka okukhulu kwesimo sezulu nangokwendawo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi thola imijovo ethile yokuya eBrazilikakhulukazi uma ubheke ezifundeni ezithile.

Imigomo yokuya eBrazil, ngaphezu kwesincomo

Njengoba besisho, izwe laseNingizimu Melika likhulu futhi lifaka ingxenye enhle ye- I-Amazon. Ngakho-ke, ngeke udinge imithi yokugoma efanayo uma uhambela lezi zamuva sengathi uzenza I-Rio de Janeiro, ngokwesibonelo.

Kunoma ikuphi, kunezinombolo zazo ezinconywe kakhulu kungakhathalekile insimu oyivakashelayo. Futhi akekho noyedwa wabo ozokulimaza, ngakho awulahlekelwa yilutho ngokukufaka futhi ukugwema ingozi yezifo eziyingozi. Ungacela i-aphoyintimenti yokuzigoma kunoma iyiphi i- izikhungo zokugoma zomhlaba wonke woMnyango Wezangaphandle waseSpain ku lesi sixhumanisi. Kepha, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, sizokhuluma nawe ngemigomo yokuya eBrazil enconywayo.

Umuthi wokugomela i-Yellow Fever

Lesi yisifo esijwayelekile ezweni laseNingizimu Melika, kuze kube muva nje, abaphathi baso bafuna ukuthi bagonyelwe sona ngaphambi kokungena kuleli. I-yellow fever yisifo esithathelwanayo esithathelwanayo esidluliselwa omiyane ngokulunywa kwaso. Aedes aegypti, obizwa nangokuthi umiyane omama.

Lesi sinambuzane siphinde sidlulise i- i-dengue, iyingozi kakhulu, njengoba ingenawo umuthi wokugoma. Kepha, uma ubuyela ku-yellow fever, izimpawu zayo, empeleni, umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu nobuhlungu beqolo, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Uma ingelashwa ngesikhathi, isiguli siqala ukukhula jaundice (yingakho isiphawulo sesiphawulo) nokuhlushwa ukopha. Lesi sigaba sesibili siveza ukushona okucishe kube ngama-50%.

Ngakho-ke, kuyisifo esibi kakhulu. Futhi, njengoba kungabizi lutho ukugonywa, iseluleko sethu uma uhambela eBrazil ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukwenza ukuze ube nokuzola. Kunoma ikuphi, uma uvakashela i-Amazon, khumbula ukuthi lo mgomo akukuvikeli kulokhu okushiwo ngenhla i-dengue. Ngakho gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide bese usebenzisa into exosha omiyane.

UTetanusi

Ngokungafani naleso esedlule, lesi sifo siyahlupheka lapho amagciwane I-Clostridium tetani ithelela inxeba. Njengoba wazi kahle, lokhu kungakhiqizwa kalula, ikakhulukazi uma uhambela izindawo zasendle zaseBrazil. Futhi kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi amagciwane angenhla atholakala ku- noma iyiphi indawo engcolisiwe. Isibonelo, kuvame kakhulu kuzinsimbi ezine-oxidized.

Ngakho-ke, akunzima kuwe ukuhlangana naye. Ngokulandelayo, i ubhalcum ukukhiqiza ama-neurotoxin ezithinta sonke isimiso sezinzwa. Izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko ukuqaqamba, ukuqina kwemisipha okunodlame, ukuqina ngisho nokukhubazeka. Kuhambisana nomkhuhlane, ukujuluka okweqile, nokukhipha amathe.

Ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okukubangelayo, uma kungalashwa ngesikhathi, kungabulala. Ngakho-ke, njengoba sakuyala phambilini, awulahlekelwa yilutho ngokugonyelwa lesi sifo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuthi wokugomela u-tetanus uvame ukufaka lezo ze- diphtheria futhi we ukukhohlela okubi, Kunconyelwe nokuhambela eBrazil. Esokuqala yisifo esithathelwanayo esidluliselwa ngomlomo, ikakhulukazi ngokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula. Kubangelwa ucingo I-Klebs-Löffler bacillus futhi kungaba kubi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.

Mayelana nokukhwehlela, futhi kuyisifo esithathelanayo sokuphefumula esibangelwa amagciwane I-Bordetella pertussis. Isici sayo ukukhwehlela kwe-spasmodic futhi kuyathathelana kakhulu. Njengakuqala, kuthinta izingane ezisencane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi kubangele izinkinga, kuvame ukuphola kahle.

IHepatitis Umuthi wokugomela

Lesi futhi yisifo esithathelwanayo, esidala ukuvuvukala kwesibindi. Ikhiqizwa, ngqo, yigciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A noma IParamyxovirus 72 futhi asisihle kangako kunezinye izinhlobo zesifo esifanayo esizophinde sikhulume naso.

Eqinisweni, ayikwazi ukuba yimi njalo noma idale ukulimala kwesibindi unomphela. Kepha ingatholwa kalula, ngoba idluliswa ngu ukudla noma amanzi angcolile, nangokungena ezindaweni ezingcolile. Ngalesi sizathu, sikweluleka ukuthi ugeze izandla njalo, into, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ezwakala uyijwayele ngenxa ye-coronavirus.

Futhi-ke, sincoma ukuthi ugonyelwe i-hepatitis A. Ifakwa ngemithamo emibili ngaphandle kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Kulula ukuya eBrazil, ngakho-ke kufanele ucabangele ukuthola umuthi wokugoma ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukuze uyiqede, udinga izinyanga eziyisithupha ukudlula, njengoba sishilo.

Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis B

Singakutshela ngalesi sifo into efanayo naleyo esiyikhombisile yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A. Kodwa-ke, isimo B sinjalo okuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ingakhiqiza ukutheleleka okungamahlalakhona futhi lokhu, nakho, kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi, ukuqina kwesibindi noma umdlavuza wesibindi.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi akuyona into ebucayi. Kodwa kungathatha izinyanga ezine ukuthi izimpawu zivele kusukela lapho usuthelelekile. Kulokhu, idluliselwa nge uketshezi lomzimba. Isibonelo, igazi noma isidoda, kepha hhayi ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nalokho okwenzeka ngezinye izifo, i-hepatitis B iba yisifo esingelapheki kalula abantu abasha ukwedlula ama-majors. Ngenxa yalokho, kungcono ukugoma ngaphambi kokuya eBrazil. Kulokhu, i-antigen inemithamo emibili noma emithathu ehlinzekwayo, ngokufanayo, enesikhawu sezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Umuthi wokugoma we-MMR

Leli yigama elinikezwa lowo ovimbela izifo ezifana ne- isimungumungwane, irubella, kanye nezinsumpa. Esokuqala ukutheleleka kohlobo lwe-exanthematic, okungukuthi, kwenzeka ngokuqubuka okubomvu esikhunjeni, okubangelwa igciwane, ikakhulukazi elivela emndenini biyela. Esinye isibonakaliso salesi sifo ukukhwehlela futhi, uma sishisa ubuchopho, singaba sibi kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene ne rubellaKuyisifo esithathelwanayo esibuye sivele ngokuqubuka kwesikhumba futhi sidalwa yigciwane. Kulokhu, idluliswa ngu indlela yomoya futhi kuthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ukuzibonakalisa, kepha kuyathathelana kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalapho kwenzeka abesifazane abakhulelwe, akuyona into ebucayi leyo. Kulezi, kungalimaza umbungu obangela ukulimala okungapheli.

Ekugcineni, i parotitis kubuye kube yisifo esijwayelekile. Igama lakhe mhlawumbe ngeke kuzwakale ujwayelekile kuwe. Kepha, uma sikutshela ukuthi kunjalo izindundumaUzwile ngabo. Idluliselwa yi Kuqubuka i-myxovirus, yize kukhona futhi okuhlukile okubangelwa amagciwane. Futhi akusona isifo esibi uma nje welashwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kungaholela kwi-meningitis, pancreatitis noma ukungabi namuntu emadodeni.

Umuthi wokugoma weMMR uvikela zonke lezi zifo futhi unikezwa ngemithamo emibili ngaphandle kwamasonto amane.

Ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ohambweni oluya eBrazil

Leyo esikuchazele yona yimithi yokugoma yokuya eBrazil enconywa ngongoti. Sikukwazisa ukuthi uzibeke uma uzokwenza. Kepha, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ulandele ezinye izinyathelo ohambweni lwakho ukuze impilo yakho ingathikamezeki.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthi ubhalisele i- Ukubhaliswa Kwabahambi zoMnyango Wezangaphandle nokuthi uqasha a umshuwalense wezokwelapha wokuhamba. Hlala wazi ukuthi iSpanish Social Security ayinakho ukusebenza eBrazil. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ugula, zonke izindleko babegijima ngezindleko zakho. Futhi lokho kufaka ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ukwelashwa ngisho nokubuyiselwa ekhaya.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zonke izinto eziphilayo zincoma ukuthi, lapho uphuza amanzi, uwaphuze kuphela ibhodlela, ungalokothi uvela empompini noma emithonjeni. Ngokufanayo, izithelo nemifino oyidlayo kufanele ibe njalo igezwe kahle futhi yabulala amagciwane.

Mayelana namabhishi, qiniseka ukuthi awangcolisiwe. Vuliwe Sao Paulo y Santa Catarina kunabambalwa lapho ukugeza kungavunyelwe khona. Ngokuqondene nemithi, bathathe eSpain ukugwema ukuphuma kuzo. Kodwa-ke, bangahlolwa esikhumulweni sezindiza lapho ufika. Ngakho-ke, sincoma ukuthi uphinde ulethe iresiphi noma idokhumenti evumela ukuthi uyawathatha.

Kunoma ikuphi, uma ungabaza, sincoma ukuthi uvakashele i- iwebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezangaphandle ukucacisa konke lokho osazibuza.

Sengiphetha, sikutshele ngakho konke imigomo yokuhambela eBrazil kunconywe ngochwepheshe. Awukho onemiphumela engemihle, ngakho-ke sikucebisa ukuthi uwafake. Futhi, uma usenokungabaza, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ubonisane udokotela wakho. Ngakho-ke, uzohamba ngokuphepha futhi uphile a isipiliyoni esingavamile ukuthi asikho isifo esingakonakalisa.