El isinkwa sabafileyo Kuyisiko laseMexico elineminyaka engamakhulu ambalwa ubudala. Kuyisidlo esiphundu esenziwe ngezinsuku ze Usuku lokufa, okulingana neyethu usuku lokufaNgakho-ke, ngoNovemba XNUMXst.
Akuyona yodwa abayenzayo I-México. Izwe lama-Aztec linayo isiko lonke ehambisana nalolo suku oluhlanganisa amasiko amaningi. Hhayi ngeze, lolo suku selumenyezelwe Amagugu Amasiko Angaphatheki Wobuntu yi-UNESCO. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa konke okuhlobene nesinkwa sabafileyo. Mhlawumbe kamuva uzofuna ukuphumelela.
Imvelaphi yesinkwa sabafileyo
Isinkwa esikhulu sabafileyo e-altare
Njengoba sinitshelile, lesi sidlo esimnandi sinomlando wamakhulu eminyaka ngemva kwakho. Ngaphambi kokufika kweSpanishi eMelika, abomdabu baseMexico benza uhlobo lwesinkwa olubizwa ngokuthi i-papalotlaxcalli, esingahumusha ngokuthi "isinkwa sovemvane." Izithako zayo eziyinhloko kwakuyi-amaranth kanye nommbila omisiwe futhi wawunomumo oyindilinga nesicaba.
Wawufakwa esikweni lokuhlonipha unkulunkulu I-Huitzilopochtli, unkulunkulu oyinhloko wase-Mexica, futhi yabelwana ngawo wonke umphakathi. Ngokufika kwabeLungu, kwaba njalo amakhekhe akho. Ngakho, lesi sinkwa sanothiswa nezinye izithako ukuze kwakhiwe isinkwa esisazi namuhla. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona izinhlobo ezahlukene ngokwezindawo ezahlukene zezwe. Kodwa singasho ukuthi kukhona iresiphi ye-canonical lapho konke lokhu kusetshenzwa kabusha kuvela khona. Sikuchazela yona.
Senziwa kanjani isinkwa sabafileyo
Isinkwa sabafileyo nama-donuts avela e-Hidalgo
Izithako eziyisisekelo zalo shukela ziyi ufulawa kakolweni, iqanda, ubisi, imvubelo, usawoti, ushukela kanye nebhotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inambitheka nayo amanzi e-orange blossom, i-anise ne-orange zest. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuyinika ukuthinta okungavamile, yengezwe ngisho. cempasuchil imbali. Lolu uhlobo lwezitshalo oludabuka eMexico oluphinde lusetshenziswe, ngokuqondile, ukuhlobisa ama-altare ngoSuku Lwabafileyo.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba sesibonisile, okwamanje kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zale recipe. Ngokwesibonelo, esimweni Guerrero Iza ngombala obomvu ogqamile; kwe Guanajuato Yenziwa ngokuyinikeza ubujamo bezilwane kanye naku Hidalgo abantu, ngenkathi, phakathi I-Mexico CityKwesinye isikhathi ifafazwa ngoshukela obomvana. Ngokufanayo, amanye amaswidi esikhumbuzo soSuku Lwabafileyo alungiselelwa kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe. Kamuva sizokhuluma nawe ngabo, kodwa manje sifuna ukukhuluma ngesiko lapho lesi sinkwa sisetshenziswa khona.
Uphawu lwalesi sinkwa
Ukulethwa kwesinkwa ngoSuku Lwabafileyo
Isinkwa sabafileyo siyingxenye yazo zonke izenzo ezenziwa abantu baseMexico ukuhlonipha abangasekho babo. Njengoba wazi, ezweni lama-Aztec kunenkolelo yokuthi imiphefumulo yalabo abafileyo iyalondolozwa Babuyela ngaloloSuku Lwabafileyo ukuze bavakashele izihlobo zabo. Kungumbono ovela kubantu bangaphambi kwe-Columbian nokuthi, kuhlangene nenkolo yobuKristu, sekufinyelele ezinsukwini zethu.
Lezi zinkokhelo kumuntu oshonile zazibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwama-Mexica noma ama-Aztec. Kuyaziwa ukuthi la madolobha asevele elungise ama-altare aneminikelo yomufi, njengoba enza namuhla. Nokho, izinto ezibekwe kuzo cishe bezizohluka.
Njengamanje, ama-altare abantu baseMexico abalungiselela ukuhlonipha abangasekho bahlanganisa izingcezu eziningi, ngalinye linencazelo yalo. Kanjalo, isinkwa sabafileyo sibekelwa yehlisa ukulamba kwemiphefumulo. Sishilo nokuthi ama-bouquets of cempasuchitl izimbali futhi, ngokufanayo, ye imbali ye-velvet. Lokhu bakwenza ngoba, ngokwesiko, lezi zitshalo ziqondisa imiphefumulo ohambweni lwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengophawu lokulila, bayabeka amakhandlela onombolo yakhe kumele ihlale ilinganayo, a Isiphambano sobuKristu futhi a isithombe somufi okhunjulwayo. Ngisho nokudla, okuphuzwayo nogwayi obekumnandi kumuntu oshonile kubekwa e-altare. Ngalo mqondo, akunakushoda ummbila, njengoba kuyisitshalo esinezinganekwane eziphelele ezixhumene nonkulunkulu bangaphambi kwe-Columbian.
Noma kunjalo, izithungo ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, kumnandi, izibalo ezenziwe ngephepha eliqoshiwe noma a induku ye-tejocote Zivame ukuba khona ema-altare eduze kwesinkwa sabafileyo. Lezi zinduku zifanekisela ukusiza umufi aqonde ezihlotsheni zakhe. Ngokufanayo, emibhalweni eminingi, a umnsalo owenziwe ngomoba nezimbali y ikhophi. Lena inhlaka enephunga elimnandi eyayivele ikhona ezinkolelweni zangaphambi kweSpanishi. Ngokwalokhu, yayihlanza futhi yahlanza indawo lapho ibekwe khona amandla angalungile.
Olunye usuku olujwayelekile lwamaswidi Abafileyo
Usuku Lwezinkwa Ezifile namanye amaswidi
Njengoba besinithembisile futhi siqeda, sizokhuluma nawe ngezinye izibiliboco ezenziwa abantu baseMexico, ngaphezu kwesinkwa sabafileyo, salezi zinsuku. Ukubuyekeza izifundazwe ezahlukene futhi, e-Guerrero bayalungiselela imiphefumulo enoshukela, onodoli, izimvemvane y "izimbongolo". Ngokwengxenye yayo, eGuanajuato nabo benza almas, kodwa ngesimo somuntu futhi isinkwa sikasinamoni.
I-Hidalgo ingesinye sezifundazwe ezinenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo ehlobene noSuku Lwabafileyo. Phakathi kwezinto ezikujabulisayo AmaMoor, ezenziwe ngofulawa, iqanda, i-pulque (isiphuzo esidakayo sangaphambi kweSpanishi) nesinamoni, kanye iziphambano zikashukela. I-Puebla futhi inekhekhe elithakazelisayo elixhunywe kulolu suku. Isibonelo esihle salokhu yilezi izintamo noma imicu enemibala kanye ne sequillo, ikhekhe lesipontshi eliphuzi nelomile.
Ngokuqondene noMichoacán, kwenziwa izimbali ezipendiwe nezingebhezi, kanye ne idonadi, isinkwa esinamaqabunga kabhanana, i-anise ne-piloncillo noma ushukela onsundu. Umkhiqizo wendabuko we-Oaxaca ngu wathethiswa, okuyisinkwa se-puff khekhe. Kodwa futhi zenziwa isinkwa se-cassava noma isikhupha seqanda ngembewu yesesame noma ngaphandle kwayo. Ekugcineni, uMorelos wenza isinkwa sabafileyo sibe sesimweni somuntu futhi, ngokungafani nezinye izifundazwe, ngezingalo eziphambanayo.
Ekugcineni, manje usuwazi kangcono isinkwa sabafileyo, isiko lokupheka laseMexico elihlotshaniswa ne izinsuku zomufi. Kuyinjabulo ye-gastronomic efakiwe kokuvele kukuhle kakhulu ukudla kwe-aztec. Alinge ukuyizama futhi ujabulele ukunambitheka kwayo.