IVictoria City ingelinye lama microstate ambalwa akhona njengamanje eYurophu futhi itholakala eRoma, inhlokodolobha yase-Italy. Ukuzimela kwe-Holy See okuvela ezweni elingumakhelwane kwamenyezelwa ngoFebhuwari 1929 ngokusebenzisa amaLatean Pacts. Kuyaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngokuba yisikhungo sezinzwa zeSonto LamaKatolika.
Inendawo engu-0,44 km2 futhi indawo yayo incane kakhulu ukuthi yi-St Peter's Basilica kuphela ethatha u-7% wobuso bayo. Inabantu abangabahlali abangama-800. UPapa uyinhloko yezwe futhi ezweni elincane kunawo wonke emhlabeni kuhlala abantu abavamile, abaseSwitzerland Guards, okhadinali, abapristi kanye noPontiff wakhe omkhulu.
Ukuzimela kwe-Holy See kusuka e-Italy kwamenyezelwa ngoFebhuwari 11, 1929 ngokusebenzisa amaLatean Pacts. E-Vatican City kunezivakashi ezintathu ezikhanya ngokukhanya kwazo: iSt.Peter's Square, iSt Peter's Basilica kanye neVictoria Museums, lapho kuneSistine Chapel khona.
I-Basilica yaseSt
ISt. Peter's Basilica iyisakhiwo senkolo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ebuKhatholika. Kuyo, uPapa ugubha ama-liturgies abaluleke kakhulu futhi ingaphakathi lawo lamukela iHoly See. Ukungena kuleli sonto akungabazeki ukuthi kungokunye kokuhlangenwe nakho okungenakulibaleka kokuvakashela eRoma.
Igama lalo lisukela kupapa wokuqala emlandweni, uSanta Peter, omzimba wakhe ungcwatshwe ethempelini. Ukwakhiwa kwawo kwaqala ngo-1506 futhi kwaphela ngo-1626 futhi abakhi bezakhiwo abahlukahlukene babamba iqhaza kuwo, phakathi kwawo esasingagqamisa uBramante noma uMiguel Ángel.
Ingaphakathi layo linamandla okugcina abantu abangama-20.000 XNUMX. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yobuciko engabonakala ngaphakathi kwezindonga zayo kukhona iBaldachin kaBernini, iLa Piedad kaMichelangelo nesithombe sikaSanta Peter esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi.
Enye yezinto eheha ukunakwa kwaleli bandla yisakhiwo salo esimangalisayo esibe ugqozi lweminye imisebenzi elandelayo, njengeSt.Paul Cathedral eLondon noma iCapitol eWashington.
Kungenzeka ufinyelele kudome ukubabaza iPlaza de San Pedro evela phezulu uma usuku lucacile kepha akuyona into yazo zonke izethameli njengoba isigaba sokugcina senziwa ngezitebhisi eziwumngcingo ezijikayo ezingaba nzima kwabanye abantu.
Isikwele iSt. Peter
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Lesi sikwele singesinye sezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni futhi sihlangene nesonto elingu-20% wensimu yeVatican City. Yakhiwa nguBernini maphakathi nekhulu le-300.000 futhi ingahlalisa abantu abangaphezu kwama-XNUMX kuma-liturgies nemicimbi emikhulu.
Ngaphezu kobukhulu baso (amamitha angu-320 ubude namamitha angu-240 ububanzi), into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngesikwele ngamakholomu angama-284 nama-pilasters angama-88 agcwala isikwele kuvulanda omugqa omine. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenziwa phakathi kuka-1656 no-1667 esandleni sikaBernini, ngokusekelwa uPapa Alexander VII.
Maphakathi nesikwele, i-obelisk nemithombo emibili ibonakala, eyodwa ngeBernini (1675) enye ngeMaderno (1614). I-obelisk ephakeme ngamamitha angama-25 yalethwa eRoma isuka eGibhithe ngo-1586.
Iminyuziyamu yaseVatican
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Iminyuziyamu yaseVatican ezweni elincane kunawo wonke emhlabeni ihlala ezinkulungwaneni zemisebenzi yobuciko eqoqwe iSonto LamaRoma Katolika eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu.
Umsuka wale minyuziyamu usukela emuva ku-1503, lapho uPapa Julius II eqala isikhundla sakhe sobupapa futhi wanikela ngeqoqo lakhe lobuciko langasese. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, opapa abalandelayo nemindeni eyahlukene yangasese yenza iminikelo futhi yandisa iqoqo laze laba ngelinye elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Ngaphakathi Eminyuziyamu yaseVatican kukhona iSistine Chapel, esaziwa ngomhlobiso waso ocebile nokuba yindawo lapho kukhethwa khona upapa olandelayo. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokugunyazwa kukaPapa Sixtus IV, eqanjwe ngaye. Abanye babaculi ababaluleke kakhulu abasebenza kuyo kwakunguMiguel Ángel, uBotticelli, uPerugino noma uLuca.
Amathiphu wokuvakashela iVatican City
- Cabanga ukuthatha i-metro njengendlela yokuhamba ukuya nokubuya e-Vatican City.
- Izindawo zokudlela eduze nomnyango weSt. Peter's Basilica zivame ukubiza kakhulu futhi azinconywa kakhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, sincoma ukuthi uye kulabo abase-Via Germanico ku-Via Marcantonio Colonna.
- Iminyuziyamu yaseVatican neSistine Chapel kubize cishe ama-euro ayi-17 kanti iDome of Saint Peter ibiza cishe ama-euro angama-8. ISt. Peter's Basilica neSt. Peter's Square mahhala.
- Bhuka umhlahlandlela osemthethweni wokuvakashela iMinyuziyamu yaseVatican nezinye izingxenye zeVatican City. Ngale ndlela uqinisekisa ukuthi uzobona konke.
Indlela yokugqoka
IDolobha laseVatican lingaphezu kwedolobha ongalisebenzisa, liyindawo yomkhuleko iVatican uqobo enekhodi yayo yokugqoka. Uma uyazi, lapha siyakutshela:
- Womabili amadolo namahlombe kufanele ambozwe ngezingubo. Uma lezi zindawo zingamboziwe, zingakwenqaba lapho ungena edolobheni. Ngalesi sizathu, izigqoko ezingenamikhono, ama-sundresses, nezikhindi azivunyelwe. Abesifazane bangakulungisa lokhu ngandlela thile ngokugqoka itshali elizungeze indawo yehlombe noma ukugqoka ama-tights noma ama-leggings ngaphansi kwebhulukwe noma izingubo ezimfishane.
- Gqoka izicathulo ezinhle nezikahle. Yize idolobha lincane, kuzofanele uhambe ulinde kolayini abade ukufaka amasayithi athile (amabasilica, iminyuziyamu, amasonto, njll.).
- Musa ukuphatha ubhaka omkhulu noma isikhwama ukuvakashela izingosi, ngoba zivame ukuskenwa. Uma ungafuni ukumiswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokubheka ezokuphepha, izinto ezincane oziphethe, ziba ngcono.