Etholakala maphakathi neRoma, iVatican iyisikhungo seSonto LamaKatolika kanye nezwe elincane kunazo zonke eYurophu. Inamakhilomitha-skwele angu-0,44 kuphela futhi ngaphakathi kwezindonga zayo kuhlala abantu abangaphansi kwenkulungwane, kufaka phakathi uPapa ohlala esigodlweni esizungezwe izingadi ezingavakashelwa ngokubhukha kwangaphambili.
Kunezivakashi ezintathu eziya eVatican City ezenza ukuthi zikhanye ngokukhanya kwazo: i-Vatican Museums, iSt. Peter's Square neSt. Peter's Basilica. Mayelana nethempeli elikhulu leLobukholwa, lapho upapa egubha khona ama-liturgy abaluleke kakhulu, sizokhuluma kokuthunyelwe okulandelayo ikakhulukazi ngodome lwayo oluhle kakhulu.
Umlando weSt. Peter's Basilica
Igama layo likupapa wokuqala emlandweni, uSanta Peter, ondumbu zakhe ezifayo zingcwatshwe esontweni. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqala ngo-1506 futhi kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba ngo-1626, kungcweliswa ngawo lowo nyaka. Abakhi abakhaliphile njengoMiguel Ángel, uBramante noCarlo Maderno babambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwalo.
Ingaphandle leBasilica
Ingaphambili leSt. Peter's Basilica kungumsebenzi womakhi wezakhiwo uCarlo Maderno owawuqedela ngo-1614 ngamamitha angama-48 ukuphakama namamitha ayi-114,69 ububanzi. Indlela ebabazekayo ene-tympanum emaphakathi esekelwa yi-oda lokuqhamuka kwama-pilasters aseKorinte kanye namakholomu kuyabonakala. I-tympanum ithweswe umqhele nge-balustrade enezithombe ezinkulu eziyishumi nantathu, okuyiyona emaphakathi emele uKristu umhlengi obusisa amakholwa. Ngaphezulu kwe-architrave, umbhalo wesiLatini ukhumbula ukuthi lo msebenzi wenziwa ngaphansi kukaPapa Paul V.
Endaweni engezansi kuneminyango emihlanu ye-atrium okukhona kuyo amafasitela amaningana, emithathu yayo inebhalkhoni. Lowo ophakathi nendawo unegama "lendawo yezibusiso", ngoba kusukela lapho upapa ubheka ukunikeza isibusiso sakhe se-Urbi et Orbi ngoKhisimusi, ngePhasika nangemva kokukhethwa njengopapa.
Ingaphakathi leBasilica
ISt. Peter's Basilica ingesinye sezakhiwo ezinkulu emhlabeni. Inobude obungamamitha angama-218 nokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-136. Sekukonke, inendawo engama-23.000 m² enikeza umthamo wabantu abangama-20.000.
Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kwaqala ngonyaka we-1506 ngesikhathi sobupapa bukaPapa Julius II ezinsaleleni zesakhiwo esayalelwa ukuba sakhiwe ngu-Emperor Constantine lapho kwavuka khona i-Circus of Nero, okuyindawo efanayo lapho uSanta Peter abulawelwa khona ukholo. Imisebenzi yaphela ngo-1602 noPapa Paul V.
Kunemisebenzi eminingi yobuciko engabonakala ngaphakathi kweBasilica yaseSt.Peter efana nePieta kaMichelangelo owayiklama esakhiweni esisodwa semabula yeCarrara ngenkathi esemncane kakhulu., isithombe sikaSanta Peter esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi noma iBaldachin kaSanta Peter, isakhiwo esikhulu sezakhiwo esachazwa ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa nguBernini ukumaka indawo lapho kwakukhona ithuna likaSanta Peter.
Isithombe | Jabulela iRoma
Dome of San Pedro
I-dome ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-136. Abaculi abaningana bangenelela emisebenzini njengoba yaqalwa nguMichelangelo, uGiacomo Della Porta waqhubeka nomsebenzi futhi waqedwa nguCarlo Maderno ngo-1614. Ubuhle bayo bunjalo njengokuthi bukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kweminye imisebenzi edume kakhulu njengeCapitol eWashington noma iSt.Paul Cathedral eLondon.
Ukungena eSt. Peter's Basilica kungenye yezinto ezingasoze zalibaleka ezingahlala eRoma, kepha ukubona idolobha kusuka kudome lwawo akunakuqhathaniswa. Kodwa-ke, ukukhuphukela edome akulungele wonke umuntu, ngoba isigaba sokugcina senziwa ngezitebhisi eziwumngcingo nezincane ezingaba namandla.
Hlela ukufinyelela iSt. Peter's Basilica
- Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba: ngo-7 ekuseni ngo-19 ntambama
- Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi: 7 ekuseni ngo-18: 30 ntambama
I-dome ivula ihora kamuva bese ivala ihora ngaphambili.
Amanani okukhuphukela edome
Indawo yokungena kuleli sonto imahhala kodwa labo abafisa ukungena kule dome kuzofanele bathenge ithikithi elintengo yalo ingama-euro ayisithupha uma ukhuphuka ngezinyawo (amagxathu angama-6) noma ama-euro ayi-551 uma ukhuphuka ngekheshi uye kuthalanzi bese ukuhamba ngezinyathelo ezingama-8.