Girisi ndiyo nzvimbo iyo pasina mufambi anofanirwa kurasikirwa Iine zvese: zvisingaite gastronomy, yakawanda nhoroondo, yakawanda tsika uye nzvimbo dzekuchera matongo dzinongo fananidzwa neidzo dzeEjipitori. Imwe yacho iri mu Delphi uye kwete pasina maturo yakazivisa UNESCO nzvimbo ino Nhaka Yenyika.
Tese takanzwa nezvazvo chirevo chedelphi pane imwe nguva, ndizvo zvazviri here? Kupatsanura, kuverenga mune ramangwana, mashura…. Pamusoro peiyi nyaya kubva kuAntiquity kana chaizvo nekuda kwavo, chokwadi ndechekuti inzvimbo yausingakwanise kupotsa.
Delphi
Nhasi iro guta riri pane rimwe remateru eGomo reParnassus, padyo padyo nenzvimbo ine mukurumbira yenzvimbo inoyera uye nenzvimbo tsvene yaApollo, padyo neguta reKastri uye chete 15 km kubva kuGulf of Corinth.
Munguva dzekare, nzvimbo yaro pakati pemakomo emakomo yakaita kuti zviome kuwana, saka paive nenzira nhatu dzekupinda mairi: kubva kuAnfisa, kubva kuCrisa uye kubva kuBootiotia. Yaiva imwe guta diki inodzivirirwa kwazvo neiyo yayo jogirafi, asi madziro aive akavakirwawo iyo.
Nzvimbo yacho inozivikanwa kuti yaive tembere inoera kunyangwe pamberi pevaGiriki vekare. Homer akati hwaro hwechirevo ibasa raApollo, uyo aida kuwana imwe padhuze neGomo reParnassus, akafarira nzvimbo yacho zvakanyanya uye akavaka tembere. Ehezve, asati atarisira kuchenesa nzvimbo yenyoka nezvikara, achikwezva vapristi pakati pevaCreta uye nekuronga zvese. Kana saka vanoti.
Chokwadi ndechekuti, pakutanga, guta reCrisa raitonga chirevo nenzvimbo tsvene, asi pakupedzisira, padyo nenzvimbo tsvene, rimwe guta rakatanga kuumbika iro, pane imwe nguva, raida kuitora. Delphi. Nekufamba kwenguva Delphi yaive yakakosha kupfuura Crisa nechiteshi chayo uye yakava guta rine simba - nyika. Vaprisita venzvimbo inoera vakasarudzwa kubva mudzinza remunharaunda vaifanirwa kuve vekwaDoric, uyezve vatongi vavo.
Kwakange kusina democracy pano kana chero chinhu chakadai. Hurumende yeDelphi yaive kutonga kwaMwari nekuti zvese zvakapfuura nepatemberi nekunamata kwayo. Nyika iyi yaishandirwa nevaranda uye vapirisita vaigamuchira zvipo nezvipo kubva kumadzimambo akapfuma nevatengesi vaibvunza kun'anga. Hapana chatisingazive. Chirevo chacho panguva iyoyo chaive chakakurumbira Saka payakabatira moto mugore ra548 BC kwakasarudzwa kuivaka nekubwinya kukuru.
Gare gare vaPersia vaizosvika, kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaparadza, kumanikidzwa kuita basa sezvo hupfumi hwetemberi hwaiyevedza kune vakawanda, vamwe vachipamba uye pakupedzisira Nero uyo akatora mazana emifananidzo, akagovanisa nyika pakati pemasoja ake uye akabvisa chirevo. Yakagara kwenguva yakati rebei nerubatsiro rwaAdriano asi pakupedzisira Theodosius I akarambidza kunamatwa kwechihedheni muna 385. Nekusvika kwechiKristu, kwaive kukanganikwa nekuregeredzwa.
Kuchera kwekuchera matongo kwakatanga muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX pamaoko emaGerman uye isu tine chikwereti navo zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinoyevedza uye zvekuchera zvazvino zviri kuenderera pamaoko eFrance Chikoro cheAtene.
Zvaunofanira kuona muDelphi
Nzvimbo yekuchera matongo ine nzvimbo tsvene mbiri, imwe yakatsaurirwa kuna Athena uye imwe yacho kuna Apollo uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvemitambo. Paunosvika wakananga uchibva kuAthens chinhu chekutanga chaunoona iSanctuary yeAthena Pronaia, pamberi peTemberi yaApollo. Kunze kwemadziro kugara kweDelphi kunotambanuka, asi mukati memadziro ndimo mune Tholos, nhasi mucherechedzo wechitsuwa, uye zvakasara zvematembere matatu akakumikidzwa kuna mwarikadzi.
Kune tembere mbiri dzekare kufambidzana kubva pakati pezana ramakore rechinomwe uye 500 BC Tembere yechitatu inogadzirwa neremestone yakaparadzwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika muna 373 BC Nzvimbo tsvene inosanganisirawo maaritari kunaZeus, Athena Ergane, Athena Zosteria, Eileithyia naHygeia uye kune zvakare zvisaririra zvezvivakwa zviviri zvakatsaurirwa kunamatira magamba emuno akadzinga vaPersia kubva kuchitsuwa, Autonos nePhylakos.
Zvichienderana neichi chokwadi chechokwadi pane zvakare chiyeuchidzo, a chifananidzo chamambo Hadrian uye chivakwa chinozivikanwa se "imba yevapristi." Kuenda kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwenzvimbo tsvene yeAthena ndiyo jimi, nhandare uye dzimba dzekugezera. Kukwira chikomo paimbova nechitsime, iyo chitubu chitsvene cheDelphi kuti vafambi vaiwanzoenda kunonwa uye kuzvichenesa vasati vabvunza svikiro.
Mwoyo wenzvimbo iyi zvakadaro iSanctuary yaApollo, yakakomberedzwa ichiteverana nemadziro ane musuwo mukuru kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Kubva pano Nzira Tsvene kana nzira inosvika kuTemberi yaApollo inotangira, ndipo panotangira mupristakadzi kutaura kwake kufungidzira. Pamativi pane materu ekugadzirwa ane akakurisa madziro ane mabiravira uye mazhinji zviyeuchidzo zvakakumikidzwa kune vapfumi uye vamwari vechiGiriki.
Zvese izvi zviyeuchidzo, mamwe acho akanaka kwazvo, ayo anoratidza hunyanzvi hwenguva dzakasiyana uye hupfumi hweavo vakautuma sechiitiko chekutaura. Kune mamwe mabhuronzi kana sirivheri, mabwe akanaka, uye iwo akasarudzika.
Iyi nzvimbo chinhu chaicho chinokatyamadza uye chakazara uye muchiitiko chinofanira kunge chaive chakanakisa. Funga izvo kuwedzera kumusoro kwetembere paive nemitambo yemitambo kwaiitwa makwikwi emimhanzi nemitambo yemitambo uye zvakatokwirira zviripo nhandare yemitambo yemitambo. Anonakidza! Wedzera kumusoro zvasara zve kumakuva echinyakare uye echikadzi nguva izvo zviri kunze nekukomberedza nzvimbo dzinoera uye iwe uchapedza nguva yakawanda uchifamba, uchitora mifananidzo uye uchifungidzira.
Ungaenda sei kuDelphi? Guta remazuva ano reDelphi riri mumugwagwa unobatanidza Amfisa neIta neAráchova. Vashanyi vanobva kumativi ese epasi nekuti nzvimbo yekuchera matongo iri padyo kwazvo. Maari mune iyo Archaeological Museum yeDelphi nefuma yayo yose. Delphi angori anopfuura maawa maviri kubva kuAthens nemotokari. Sezvo Delphi ichiri munzvimbo yakaoma kuwana iwe unogona chete kusvika ipapo nemugwagwa uye chinhu chakanakisa kutora mukana parwendo rwekuziva dzimwe nzvimbo, semuenzaniso Meteora nemamonasteries ayo.
Unogona kukwereta mota kana kuenda nebhazi. Iyo Atene - Delphi nzira yakafukidzwa nematanhatu masevhisi pazuva. Mabhazi anoenda kubva kuTerminal B paLiossion Street muAthens kubva 7:30 am kusvika 8 pm. Rega maawa matatu ekufamba.