Imwe yezviratidzo zveUnited States ndiyo Statue of Liberty. Mabhaisikopo neterevhizheni zvakatarisira izvozvo uye chero munhu anoenda kuNew York anosanganisira kushanya kwake murwendo rwevashanyi. Kana musingazive zvakawanda nezvake ndinokuudzai kuti ane nyaya inonakidza saka nhasi tichamuziva.
Kutanga, kunyangwe isu tese tichimuziva seStatue yeRusununguko, zita chairo ndere Rusununguko rwunovhenekera nyika.
Chiumbwa cheRusununguko
Inowanikwa paLiberty Island, kumaodzanyemba kweManhattan Island, pedyo nemuromo weHudson River uye kusiri kure neEllis Island yakakurumbira. Icho chipo kubva kuhurumende yeFrance kuhurumende yeUnited States pamakore zana ekutanga ekuzvitonga kwenyika yekuchamhembe.
United States yakazvimiririra kubva kuGreat Britain muna 1776 ichibva yapinda muHondo yeVanhu, hondo yemukati yakaita kuti nyika iome pakati pa1861 na1865. Panguva iyoyo, wezvematongerwo enyika weFrance uye gweta Eduardo Laboulaye, mutevedzeri uye senator weThird Republic. yaive nepfungwa yekuwedzera kuwirirana neUnited States nekuipa chifananidzo.
Muvezi akasarudzwa aive Alsatian Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, uye kunyange chifananidzo chaifanira kunge chakagadzirira muna 1876 kwete zvese zvaive nyore. France yakaenda kuhondo nePrussia, tsitsi dzeAmerica dzevaGermany hadzina kugara zvakanaka, Third Republic yaivawo nezvinetso zvemukati, umambo hwakatyisidzira kudzoka... Asi kunyange zvakadaro, muvezi wemifananidzo akaenda kuUnited States muna 1871 ndokusarudza zviduku. chitsuwa paifanirwa kumira chifananidzo chakanakisa, mukuwedzera kujoina panguva iyoyo-Mutungamiri Grant.
zvakajeka chifananidzo ine pesvedzero yehunyanzvi hwechiGiriki uye nhasi kunofungidzirwa kuti muvezi akafuridzirwa namwarikadzi wechiGiriki Hecate kuti ape Liberty chiso nechimiro. Mamiriro akanyanya echiso amutsawo mibvunzo yakawanda.Ko iye musikana wemillionaire muvambi Issac Singer, ndiamai vemuvezi here, kana kuti kune vakadzi vakati wandei muuso hwemhando yepamusoro? Zvose zvinogoneka.
Kune rumwe rutivi Bartholdi akanga ashanda pakuvakwa kweSuez Canal, muIjipiti, uye Ndakanga ndatova nemamwe magadzirirwo eimba yemwenje-chifananidzo chisina kumbobvumidzwa. Sezviri pachena zvimwe izvo zvakapinda mumagadzirirwo ake ekutanga emutambo muNew York, dhizaini umo akasiya chivharo chekare uye chenguva dzose chokuFrygian ndokuchitsiva nekorona yemwaranzi yezuva.
Pakati pehurumende dzakasiyana vakanga vagadza izvozvo United States yaizoita hwaro hwechiyeuchidzo uye France chifananidzo uye gungano raizotevera. Asi matambudziko ezveupfumi aigara aripo. MuFrance, sangano rakatangwa kuti riunganidze mari, sangano raishandisa nzira dzose dzenguva yacho kuunganidza mari, uye zvimwe chetezvo muUnited States.
Chiumbwa cheRusununguko Iine skeleton yemhangura yakagadzirwa nainjiniya Gustave Eiffel, zvimwe chetezvo zveshongwe yakakurumbira. Mabasa akatanga uye vaikarirwa kuva vakagadzirira nokuda kwezana ramakore, pana July 4, 1876, asi kwakanga kune kunonoka kwakawanda uye zuva iroro rakanga risingabviri kuremekedza..
Zvishoma nezvishoma chifananidzo chacho chakatanga kuumbwa, zvisinei, uye mativi awo aigona kushanyirwa mumashopu, pamwe chete namapikicha namapepa, zvose kuunganidza mari yokukurumidzisa kupera kwebasa racho. Kutaura idi, avo vakapinda Universal Exhibition muParis muna 1878 vakakwanisa kupinda mukati memisoro yavo ndokukwira kukorona kupfurikidza namasitepisi akareba mamita 43 akakwirira. Musoro wacho wakaiswa paMunda wakakurumbira weMars.
Uye panguva iyi chii chaiitika muUnited States? Hwaro hwechiumbwa chaifamba nekunonoka kwehozhwa. A) Hongu, muzvinabhizimusi wezvenhau Joseph Pulitzer akatanga chirongwa chikuru chekushambadzira kubva mubepanhau rake, vachikurudzira mipiro kune troche uye moche. Pakazosvika 1884 ibwe renheyo yenheyo yakanga yaiswa, kunyange zvakadaro zvose zvakapedzwa muna 1886 chete.
MuFrance chifananidzo chakanga chatopedzwa uye vakawanda vakanga vashanya vachichiyemura. Yakazoparadzaniswa, yakatumirwa kuRuen nechitima, nechikepe paSeine kuchiteshi cheLe Havre, ichisvika muNew York muna June 1886. Yakafamba yakaputswa muzvidimbu mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu, mumabhokisi mazana maviri negumi nemana. Murazvo neruoko rwerudyi zvakanga zvatova muAmerica kare. Mune mamwe mabhokisi aifamba mabhaudhi, rivets uye nzungu.
mwedzi mina gare gare iyo Statue of Liberty yakanga yatoungana uye yakavhurwa pamberi peMutungamiri Cleveland, vaenzi vakakosha uye vanoda kuziva. France yakamiririrwa neMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weFrench Senate, Desmons. Chifananidzo chacho chakanga chisati chagadzirira kusvitsa zana kusvika makore gumi gare gare, asi hezvino zvakanga zvapera.
Pane imwe nguva mukuvapo kwayo chifananidzo yakashanda sechiedza cheNew York, pakati pegungano rayo na1902 chaizvo. Chiedza chayo chaigona kuonekwa makiromita makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe kubva ipapo uye yaive nejenareta remagetsi rakaiswa pachitsuwa kuti rishande. Uye zvino, maererano nenguva, Statue of Liberty Yakanga ichivandudzwa nekuvandudzwa, kunyanya yemagetsi.
ruoko nemagetsi lift yakaiswa pakutanga kwezana remakore, rakagadziridzwa mu'30s, a kudziyisa hurongwa mumakore gumi anotevera uye headband lights kuvandudzika yemwaranzi yezuva. Uye zvechokwadi, vakawanda kudzorerwa kwemaitiro iyo yakavimbisa hupenyu hurefu hwechiyeuchidzo. Chakanyanya kukosha chakaitika muma80, nguva iyo torch yepakutanga yakatsiviwa, nemashizha egoridhe nemamwe marambi. Iwe unogona chaizvo kuona mwenje wekare mumuseum weiyo monument pachayo.
Uye zvechokwadi, simbi yekare yakatsiviwa nesimbi isina tsvina, elevator yekare neimwe itsva uye nezvimwe zvakawanda. Nokudaro, yakavhurwa zvakare muna July 5, 1986.
Chii chinorehwa neStatue of Liberty?
Zita rake rinotaura zvakakwana. Rusununguko ndiye mukadzi anomanikidza uyu, akamira, akapfeka mbavha uye akashongedzwa korona korona yezvikomo zvinomwe, zvinomiririra makondinendi manomwe nemakungwa manomwe. Mahwindo makumi maviri neshanu ekorona inomiririra matombo anokosha epasi, korona inoyeuchidzawo iyo yakashandiswa namwari Helios, Zuva nokuda kwevaGiriki. Muruoko rwake rworudyi anosimudza mwenje unovhenekera nyika, uye muruoko rwake rworuboshwe ane tablet ine zuva rakasainwa Declaration of Independence yeUnited States.
Chifananidzo chinokwira mamita 46 uye kana tikaverenga kureba kubva pasi kusvika kumucheto kwetochi iwo. 93 metres pamwe chete. Patsoka dzake dzimwe ngetani dzakadambuka dzinofananidzira rusununguko rwakawedzerwa. Yaani? Zvakanaka, kubva kuGreat Britain, iri kufanana nedzimwe dzose dzeEurope kumabvazuva, uko ndiko kwakatarisana nechiyeuchidzo.
Shanyira iyo Statue of Liberty
Kuti ushanyire unofanira tenga tikiti rechikepe uye ronga kushanya. Iyo kambani iStatue Cruises, iyo chete yakatenderwa kutakura vafambi kuenda kuzvitsuwa, uye tikiti rimwe chetero rinokupa iwe kupinda kune zvikepe, zvakatenderedza, iyo museum uye maodhiyo dhairekitori. Ellis Island neStatue of Liberty zvinongosvikika nezvikepe zvinobva munzvimbo dziri kuLower Manhattan neNew Jersey.
Isla Libertad ine paki yakanaka uye museum uye ndiyo yakanakisa yekutora mafoto echiyeuchidzo kubva kumakona akasiyana. Iyo statue museum ine zviratidziro zvakanaka uye uchaona mwenje wepakutanga uchiratidzwa. Kune chikamu chayo, Ellis Island inovhura hwindo pane nhoroondo yekutamira kuAmerica.