Mongoriya. Iro chete zita rinotitora isu nekukasira kunzvimbo dziri kure uye dzisinganzwisisike, iine mireniyumu. Iyo yakakura, yakavharirwa nyika, katatu kukura kweFrance, semuenzaniso.
Iine Russia neChina sevavakidzani, ine zvitsauko zvenhoroondo yayo zvinoyevedza, uye kana iwe ukawedzera inoverengeka nharaunda kune izvo saka hapana mubvunzo kuti inokodzera kuve pane yako runyorwa rwekufamba nzvimbo. Ngatione nhasi chii chekuona muMongolia kudanana.
Mongoriya
Iyo ine zviuru zvitatu zvemakiromita e muganho neRussia, kuchamhembe, uye anenge makiromita mazana mana nemazana manomwe neChina kumaodzanyemba. Kubva kune mumwe mugumo kuenda kune imwe Mongolia inogona kukamurwa kuita nharaunda ina, nyika yemakomo, makomo, gomo renyika, uye magwenga.
Mongoriya iri pachinzvimbo chegumi nepfumbamwe pachinyorwa chenyika dzakakura kwazvo pasirese, ine zvishoma inopfuura miriyoni imwe nehafu mativi emakiromita epasi. Inogarwa nevanhu vashoma, vasingasvike mamirioni matatu vanhu, pakati pevaMongolia nemamwe mapoka emarudzi. Hafu inogara mumaguta. Nyika yakakamurwa kuva matunhu makumi maviri nerimwe uye guta rayo guru iguta reUlaanbaatar.
Nguva mutauro wepamutemo chiMongolian, mutauro wechipiri unozivikanwa chiRussia. Zvitendero? Hafu yacho chiBhudha uye makumi mana muzana vaPurotesitendi. Mararamiro avo echinyakare anongodzungaira sezvo hupfumi hwenyika hwagara huri hwekurima uye hwekufudza. Zviripachena nhasi kuti hazvina kudaro, asi kunyangwe mumaguta mune pamwe chete, nharaunda, mararamiro eboka.
VaMongolia vane hukama hwepedyo neTibetan Buddhism, kunyangwe chete nekudonha kweSoviet Union ivo vakakwanisa kuzviita zvakare vakasununguka. Munhoroondo yese, simba reTibet rakagara richivimba neimwe nzira kana imwe kumarudzi eMongolia kuti azviriritire.
Pakupedzisira, Mongolia inyika yematenga matema, ine zuva rakawanda mazuva anoda kusvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ekupenya kwezuva pagore. Zhizha dzinopisa uye nguva yechando iri kutonhora, saka chenjera kuenda pakati paNovember naMarch sezvo tembiricha inogona kukugwamba.
Chii chekuona muMongolia
Isu tinogovanisa nyika kumatunhu mashanu: kumadokero, kuchamhembe, pakati, kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba. Pakati pane guta guru, iro rinowanzo ghedhi kuenda kuMongolia: Ulaanbaatar kana Ulaanbaatar. Iri mumupata uye rwizi runoyambuka, ingori pamusoro pe 1300 metres pamusoro pegungwa.
Ndiyo yemari uye maindasitiri mwoyo wenyika uye iyo node muhurongwa hwekufambisa hwenyika. Heino Genghis Khan International Airport uye chiteshi chechitima uko Transmongolian, chitima chinoyambuka nyika kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kumaodzanyemba uye chinobatana neTrans-Siberian iri muChinese guta reJining.
Iyo yakavambwa mu1639 sevanhu vanonamata uye nhasi ane yakajeka chikominisiti chinyorwa pane zvekuvakisa. Muchokwadi, pane zvishoma zvivakwa zvakasara Hondo yechipiri isati yasvika, kusanganisira mamonari akati wandei kubva muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX: iyo Dambadarjaalin uye iyo Daschoilin, iyo Bogd Khan Nguva yechando Palace, iyo Museum of Nhoroondo, iyo Museum yeArt ... Mune imwe nguva kwaive nemadzimba mazhinji asi kwasara imwe chete, yechando imwe chete, iyo yave miziyamu yemutongi wekupedzisira weMongolia uye inoyevedza yakaoma ine tembere nhanhatu.
Mwoyo weguta ndihwo Sukhbaatar Square, nemufananidzo wake wekukwikwidza waDamdin Sukbaatar (iko iko iko kunonzi koporari yataurwa pamusoro apa yakaita weti muna Chikunguru 8, 1921 pakati pemusangano weRed Army. chiumbwa chikuru chaGenghis Khan uye Avenida Paz, inova ndiyo huru muguta.
Choijin Lama Monastery ibwe rinokosha kubva muna 1908 uye sezvo rakashandurwa kuita miziyamu muna 1942 rakapunyuka kuparadzwa kwemamonisiti-era monasteries. Iyo Gandan Kuvaka ndeimwe pfuma yeguta guru, yakavakwa muzana ramakore rechi26, ine chifananidzo chayo chakakurumbira chegoridhe chaMigdij Janraisig, anoremekedzwa zvikuru bodhisattva muBuddhism, XNUMX metres kumusoro.
Kubva kuUlaanbaatar kune akawanda marwendo zvinogoneka zvemazuva akasiyana ehurefu. Unogona kuenda ku Terekh, kuona iyo Naadam Mutambo, mumwe hustay kana kunakidzwa nezvakasikwa mumapaki emunyika eGorkhi - Terej uye de Bogd khan kana iyo Gun Galuut kana Khustai zvisikwa zvisikwa.
In the pakati peMongolia kumwe kushanya kunogoneka kuita a Gobi Desert safari, kushanya kwenzvimbo dzemamongi echiBuddha, kana kufamba nemumakungwa masere, kana kutasva bhiza kana, kana karenda ichiwiriranwa, tora chikamu mune imwe yemitambo ine mavara uye echinyakare senge Mutambo weYak kana iye ataurwa pamusoro, Naadam.
El kumaodzanyemba kweMongolia Inopawo renje reGobi asi inowedzera Eagle Valley, Khongor dunes, Flaming Cliffs, Sum Khukh Burd oasis, Ongi Temple uye White stupa. Mupata weChapungu, Yol Am, kanoni Yakapetana nerwizi runoyerera nemuZuun Saikhan Mountain, anenge makiromita makumi matanhatu nematanhatu kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweDalanzagdad, iri pakati peruwa rweSouth Gobi. Munguva yechando ine mitauro yechando uye canyon nematombo ayo inopa inoshamisa nharaunda.
Dune guru kwazvo rejecha muMongolia ndiKhongor Els, iine kureba kwemakiromita zana nemakumi masere uye pakati pemamita gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri pakukwirira nehurefu hwemamita mazana masere. Icho chikamu chegwenga uye kune zvakare oasis padyo neRwizi Khongor, kumucheto kuchamhembe kwedune. Mumhepo, jecha rinonzwika nenzira inokuyeuchidza nezveinjini yendege ...
Kune chikamu chayo, the Inopisa Cliff kana Bayanzag, yakabata yakakosha paleontological zvakawanikwa. Pano muna 1923 iyo dendere rekutanga remazai edinosaurs inoonekwa pasi rese. Iyo Sum Khukh oasis Iyo ipfuma, ine monastery yayo yeMongolian pachitsuwa chidiki cheBurd Lake. Tsagaan Suvarga, inozivikanwa seye chena stupa, idombo remamita zana rakafara rakavezwa nemhepo kwezviuru zvemakore.
La Western Mongolia dunhu inyika yemakondo saka ndezvekupedzisira kana iwe uchida shiri idzi. Mutambo wakanaka unoitika pano, iyo Mutambo weAltai Golden Eagle, Uye zvinogara zviripo kunyangwe mukupa kukuru kwekushanya kunowanikwa nevamiriri vezvekushanya munzvimbo iyi. Kumadokero, ipapoka, inyika yamakungwa ane chando.
Kuchamhembe, unogona kuenda kunoshanyira gomo rakatsakatika regomo reUran, 600 metres upamhi uye 50 yakadzika nedziva rayo diki remamita makumi maviri pahupamhi. Kubva kuma20 yave inzvimbo yakachengetedzwa uye yakanaka, iine masango akasvibira nemapere, mhembwe nemadhadha. Kuenda kuchamhembe zvakare zvakare tembere hombe yechiBhudha, chaizvo makiromita mazana matatu kubva paguta guru. Yakavakwa muzana ramakore rechi60 uye ine tembere diki makumi maviri nenomwe. ndiye Amarbayasgalant Monastery.
Kuchamhembe zvakare kumusha 30 mhuri dzinodzungaira dze Tsaatan, vafudzi vetsvuku tsanga, yekutenda shaman uye tsika dzemadzitateguru, uye yedziva hombe uye rakadzika kwazvo munyika, iyo Huvsgul Lake. Iri dziva zvakare rakakosha mutero weimwe hofori, Lake Baikal. Yakadzika kwazvo, yakakomberedzwa nemakomo nemasango uye nzvimbo yacho inopesana nenzvimbo yenyika. Ine mitsara makumi mapfumbamwe uye rwizi rumwe chete runoiburitsa, iyo Egiin Gol, inova iyo inosvika kuSiberia, chaiko kuBaikal.
Pakupedzisira, Eastern Mongolia ndiyo nzvimbo yakazvarirwa hunhu hwayo inozivikanwa: Genghis Khan. Icho chiri pamusoro Deluun boldog uye pano kubvira 1962 pane chifananidzo chikuru chinoyeuchidza makore mazana masere ekuberekwa kwake. nyika dzekuzvarwa dzeGuru Khan dzine iyo Khan Khentii Mountain National Park, ine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinokosha dzetsika, nemasango, taiga uye nharaunda dzemakomo. Iyo mhando yechisikigo monument yerudzi uye UNESCO yakazivisa iyo World Heritage Saiti.
Anenge makiromita makumi mana nemashanu kubva kuBatshireey soum kune mudhuri wekare, wakachengetedzwa chaizvo, unonzi iyo Rusvingo rweVakare, inotendwa kuti yakavakwa mu zana regumi nematatu uye padivi payo kwakatenderedza makuva makumi matanhatu emamaki akakosha eMongolia akawanikwa. Pamwe kunyangwe Genghis Khan. Zvakare zvine hukama naye ndeye Gungwa HugNurr, uko muna 1189, zita raGenghis Khan rakapihwa wechidiki Temuujin, kumuita mambo weMongolia.
Sezvauri kuona, kubva pane zvandataura nezvayo uye mifananidzo iri muchinyorwa, Mongolia inyika yerunako rusingakanganwiki. Ukafunga kuenda, hauzombozvidemba. Kunyangwe iwe uchida rwendo rwekushanya kana nyaya yevakundi veMongolia yakabata pfungwa dzako. Rwendo rwakanaka!