Neimwe nzira isu tese tinoziva kuti maEskimos ndivanaani. Achava mabhuku ouduku hwedu here, mabhuku echikoro, mabhaisikopo? Handizivi, asi tinoziva kuti ndivanaani ... kana kuti takangonzwa nezvavo asi hapana chatinoziva?
Posiblemente sea así, así que hoy en Actualidad Viajes vamos a aprender, entre otras cosas, quienes son, cómo son y eskimos vanogara kupi.
eskimos
Kutanga unofanira kutaura kuti zita racho Eskimo chaizvoizvo izita rekuzvarwa iro zvinoreva nzvimbo, boka revanhu, kana mutauro kana mutauro unoshandiswa mukati, ndiko kuti, kuzvisarudzira.
Tataura izvozvo, kana tichitaura nezveEskimos tinonyatso kutaura nezvazvo mapoka maviri ezvizvarwa zvemo, vanhu veInuit uye veYupik. Yekutanga yakakamurwa kuita chikamu che Alaska, mumwe mu Kanadha uye imwe in Greenland, uye yechipiri inogara kumabvazuva kweAlaska uye Siberia. Zvechokwadi kune boka rechitatu rinogara Aleutian Islands, maAleut, asi kazhinji anobviswa paamburera ye "Eskimo".
Mapoka ese ari matatu anogovana achangoburwa tateguru uye vanotaura mitauro yemhuri imwechete. Zvose vanogarawo muArctic Circle uye subarctic regions. Hapana kushaikwa kwenhengo dzemapoka aya avo vanofunga kuti shoko rokuti eskimo harisi ravo uye kunyange kuti rine utsinye.
Nechikonzero ichi, muCanada neUnited States kwave uye kuchiri kuedza kwakakomba kusashandisa izwi iro, zvirinani mumagwaro epamutemo. Saizvozvo, kuCanada izwi rokuti Inuit rinoshandiswa kutaura nezvevagari vepakutanga venyika idzodzo. Nekuda kwako IUnited States inoshandisa "Alaska Natives."
eskimos vanogara kupi
Inofungidzirwa kuti pakati pemarudzi eInuit neYupik nhasi pachava pakati pe171 ne187 zviuru zvevanhu. Ruzhinji runogara kana kuti pedyo nenzvimbo dzakatenderedzwa dzavakagara. Pahuwandu uhwu, vanenge 54 65 vanogara muUnited States, 52 muCanada, uye vanenge 16 500 muGreenland. Kuwedzera kunhamba idzi vanodarika zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu nemazana mashanu vanogara muDenmark, kunyangwe vakaberekerwa muGreenland, uye vamwe vanogara kuSiberia uye, maererano nesangano risiri rehurumende, Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC), vangangoita zviuru zana nemakumi masere.
Kwakatangira nei izwi rekuti eskimo richitorwa serinonyadzisa inonyura munguva yakapfuura. Zvinoita sekuti imwe yezvinoreva "vanhu vanodya nyama mbishi» (rimwe remadzinza rakadana rimwe boka iro, uye ndiro izwi iro vaongorori veEurope vakapedzisira vatora). Ndokusaka, muna 1971, ICC yakasarudza kutora izwi rekuti Inuit kuratidza zvizvarwa zvese zvedunhu re circumpolar, kupfuura zvese. Vakavhota vakatsiva izwi rekuti Eskimo naro inuit uye kunyangwe rakanga risingagamuchirwe zvizere panguva iyoyo, nhasi muCanada Inuit ndiro izwi rinoshandiswa.
Asi kupfuura chero nhaurirano ye etymological kana yemagariro, chii chinozivikanwa nezve vanhu ava? Eya, ufakazi hwemavara okugara nhaka hwakaratidza izvozvo kwenguva refu North America yakagarwa nevanhu vanobva kuEast Asia mumafungu akati wandei.
Nepo maNative America achizivikanwa kuburuka kubva kukutanga kutama kwePaleo-Indians, Vanhu vekuAlaska ndevevanhu vakasiyana vakatamira kuAmerica nguva pfupi yadarika, kuchengetedza hukama hwakasimba nevanhu vekuNortheast Asia. Hukama huripo pakati pavo neveNative America vakasara husina kujeka. Takataura nezvemafungu anotama nemuGungwa reChukchi akaitika pakati pe5 ne10 zviuru zvemakore apfuura.
Saka, Eskimos vanogara muAlaska, Canada, Siberia uye Greenland. Vakawanda zvikurusa vanogara kuchamhembe kweCanada, munzvimbo dziri kure. Kana iri Canada, vanogara Inuit Nunangat, iyo inosanganisira Nunavut, Nunavik kuchamhembe kweQuebec, Nunatsiavut, iri kuchamhembe kwepurovhinzi yeLabrador, uye Inuvialuit Settlement, iri kuNorthwest Territories.
Kubva 2016 vangangoita makumi manomwe neshanu muzana vaigara munharaunda makumi mashanu nenhatu iri mu Inuit Nunangat, "Ini kumba"panguva 64% vakaita saizvozvo muNunavut. Nekudaro, vangangoita makumi manomwe neshanu muzana evaCanada Inuit vanogara kunze kweInuit Nunangat, nezvikamu zviviri kubva muzvishanu zvavo vachigara mumaguta makuru. Kune rimwe divi, muGreenland, pakati pe72 ne50 zviuru zvevagari vemo maInuit uye izvo zvakaenzana ne56% yehuwandu. Hapana chidiki!
Nhasi, Inuit vanogara muCanada vaona mamiriro edzimba dzavo uye kuwana hutano kuchiwedzera, kubva kuma'50s,'60s, pavakatanga kugara. Mukufamba kwenguva, mamiriro ezvinhu aya akavashandura kuva boka revanhu rine zvakawanda mikana yekutambura nezvirwere zvengozi senge hypertension kana cancer, chirwere cheshuga kana kufutisa. Mararamiro avo echivanhu akagadziridzwa nekuda kwe, kune rumwe rutivi, kuwedzera kwemaguta uye, kune rimwewo, mishandirapamwe yekodzero dzemhuka dzagara dzichivhimwa.
Uye hongu zvakare kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunovakuvadza, nokuti hapana mubvunzo kuti kuchinja kunobva mukugadzirwa kweindasitiri kwepasi kwakakuvadza arctic environment. Uye izvo zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa pamararamiro eEskimos, kuchinja, semuenzaniso, zvakanyanya, kudya kwavo. Tembiricha inodziya yakanyungudutsa chando, yakaderedza sinou uye permafrost uye nekudaro nyika yako yatanga kukanganisa, mwaka wekuvhima hausisina kureba, uye kuvhima paaizi yakatetepa kune njodzi ...
La kusvibiswaIzvo zvakatokonzera kuti izvo zvinodyiwa neEskimos zvinewo njodzi dzayo. Sei? Zvawanikwa zvisaririra zvesimbi dzinorema mune dzimwe mhuka dzeArctic, semuyenzaniso. Nokudaro, paunowedzera zvinhu zvose iwe une kuti mararamiro evanhu ava akachinja zvikuru, anoramba achichinja uye ari pangozi yekuparara, chero kwavanogara.
Nhasi, kune mafambiro ekuchengetedza Eskimo tsika. MuCanada, sangano rinonzi Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami rakaumbwa kuti rirwire kodzero dzenharaunda idzi, uye UN yatanga kuongorora mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza muArctic. Kana tikagadzira izvi muhondo yekumisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kucherechedzwa kwevanhu veko uye kodzero dzavo, pano uye nepasirese, tine tariro yekuti ramangwana rakanaka richavhurika kune vanhu vekare.