ari vikings Ivo ndivo protagonists enhoroondo yeEurope, uye kwenguva yakati rebei vava mufashoni zvakare yeakanakisa TV akateedzana, Vikings. Izvi zvadhonzera nyika dzeNordic netsika yavo ndosaka nhasi tichashanyira iyo Viking Ship Museum.
Iyi miziyamu iri muOslo, Norway, uye iri chikamu cheMuseum yeCultural Nhoroondo yeyunivhesiti yemuno. Kuishanyira kunofanirwa kana yako ari maViking uye kukunda kwavo nekuti ngarava dzekutanga idzo dzimba ipfuma yechokwadi.
Iwo maViking
MaViking ari Vanhu veNorse vakave vakakurumbira muEurope muzana ramakore rechisere kubva pane zvavo zvekutora zvakapambwa. Iwo mamonasteri ndiwo avanofarira nyama uye kufamba kwavo kwakasiya mucherechedzo sezvo kwavo kurwiswa kwaive neropa uye chisimba, kunyangwe kwenguva yacho. Panguva iyoyo masimba epakati nepakati muEurope aive asati apedza kubatanidza, saka paive nemamiriro ezvinhu engozi nekushaikwa kwekudzivirirwa.
Asi kupfuura izvi zvisikwa zvemusango zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa izvozvo Ndivo vanokwira kuvanhu vaNorman, sezvo vazhinji vavo vakaguma vava kugara muNormandy, France. Uye isu tatoziva kare kuti maNormans akafamba sei muEurope.
Iwo maViking vakanyora mumaroni, kusvika zvino zvakaoma kunzwisiswa, saka zvisaririra zvezvokuchera matongo netsika dzemumuromo zvakabvumira kurondwa kwenhoroondo yayo. Sezvo ivo vaigara mune isina hunhu jogirafi, ivo vakasundidzirwa mugungwa, saka ivo vakaita mvura yavo chinhu uye vakasarudza nzira dzekutaurirana. Nekudaro vaive vafambisi vengarava uye zvinotofungidzirwa kuti ndivo vakatanga kusvika muAmerica.
Nguva yeViking inosvika kumagumo kutenderedza zana ramakore regumi nerimwe apo chiKristu chinogadzikana munzvimbo yekuchamhembe nemaitiro e acculturation. Zviripachena, hapana chinofa uye zvese zvinoshandurwa saka, sezvatakataura pamusoro, vakapedzisira vaine vanhu vane simba vaNorman, vanobva kuFrance, vachisvika kuItari, Jerusarema neKiev, kuRussia.
Iyo Viking Ship Museum
Iyi miziyamu ine pfuma nhatu: tatu ngarava dzeviking dzepakutanga iyo yakambofamba negungwa. Yekutanga yavo uye inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Ngarava yeOseberg. Ichi chikepe cheViking chinouya kubva muguva rakawanikwa papurazi rezita rimwe chete, muVestfold County. Guva raivewo nemapfupa evakadzi vaviri nemidziyo yakawanda.
Ngarava misi kubva muna 834 AD asi zvikamu zvacho zvati kurei. Iyo murwi wekuviga yakafukunurwa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Ngarava iwo wese muoki. Iva 21 metres kureba uye 58 metres yakafara ine mbambo iri pakati pemamita mapfumbamwe negumi kukwirira kana kuderera. Ine maburi angangoita gumi nemashanu emaburi saka zvinofungidzirwa kuti paive nemamwe Vafambisi makumi matatu. Iyo ine anchor yesimbi, kumashure uye uta zvakashongedzwa nezvakavezwa zvakavezwa uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti ngarava ingadai yakasvika gumi nemapfundo ekumhanya.
Tinogona kufunga kuti nekuti chikepe ichi chakawanikwa mukati meguva, hachina kumboona gungwa, asi izvi handizvo. Dzese ngarava dzeViking mumuseum dzakafamba chaizvo usati waunzwa kumahombekombe uye ukaitwa zvipo zvekuviga. Kuchera uye kudzoreredza kweiyi chaiyo nave kwakatora makore makumi maviri nerimwe. Igwa racho raifanirwa kudhonzwa uye nekuomeswa zvakakwana, asi zvishoma nezvishoma, risati ragona kujoina uye kugadzirisa zvikamu zvaro nehuni hwepakutanga, 90%.
Kufanana kwakafanana kwakakweverwawo kune dzimwe mbiri dzeViking ngarava dzino chengetwa nemuseum Gokstad Chikepe uye Tunas Chikepe. Iyo Gokstad yakawanikwa muguva ramambo riri papurazi risingazivikanwe kumasipala weSandefjord, mukudonha kwa1879, nevechidiki vaviri. Kuchera matongo kwakatanga muna 1880 uye zvakabva zvangova pachena kuti saiti iyi yaive yakakosha.
Kumativi kwechikepe kwaive nemadziro mashanu emamita pakureba uye dhayamita yemamita makumi mana nemashanu saka murwi wacho waive muhombe. Ivhu rakafukidza ngarava rakaora madheki maviri ekumusoro neuta nekumashure mbichana asi rakachengetedzwa chaizvo nekutenda kwekudzoreredza kwavakaita kwakabvarurwa nekusunganidzwa zvakare.
Imwe ngarava yeViking mumuseum ndiyo inonzi Tuna chikepe, iyo inofanirwa kunge iri ngarava inomhanya yaitakura vanhu kubva kudivi kuenda kune rimwe. Yakawanikwa muna 1867 papurazi muNedre Haugen, pachitsuwa cheRolvsoy, padhuze neFredrikstad uye ndiyo yaive yekutanga ngarava yeViking kuwanikwa uye kuchengetedzwa. Iri guva raive rakakurawo, rinokwana mita makumi masere uye hupamhi hwemamita mana, rimwe remakuru muNorway.
Kuchera uku kwakaitwa apo ruzivo rwekuchera matongo rwemazuva ano rwakanga rwusati rwagadzira nzira zhinji, saka kana yawanikwa ngarava yakabviswa nekukurumidza, saka murume aive mukati make akavigwa uye zvimwe zvezvinhu zvake zvakakuvadzwa kana kurasikirwa. Ndiyo diki pane matatu eViking zvikepe mumuseum asi inoonekwa seyakarebesa, nemamita angangoita 19 zvimwe.
Inofungidzirwa kuti yakavakwa kutenderedza gore re910, mu oak, uye izvo yakanga iine vakwasvi gumi nembiri padivi. Ingangove yaimhanya, yakanaka kwazvo mumakungwa asina kugadzikana, asi isina huremu hwakakura. Ndosaka ichifungidzirwa kuti ingadai yakashandiswa kutakura zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita segirazi, varanda kana zvinhu zvisina kurema zvakanyanya.
Kushanya kwezvikepe zvitatu kunowedzerwa ne huwandu hwezvinhu kubva kumakuva matatu ari kuratidzwa, uye izvo zvinovhura maziso edu kune yakapfuura yeViking. Kubva pazvinhu zvezuva nezuva kusvika kuzvombo kana midziyo yechitendero.
Zvakare, katatu paawa iyo museum inopa rwendo kune Viking Age kuburikidza nefirimu inonzi Vikings Alive, iyo inoratidzwa padenga remuseum. Vikigns Alive ine yemaminitsi mashanu makuru firimu uye maviri ezvinyorwa mafirimu. Pakupedzisira, iyo miziyamu inotipawo iyo chitoro chezvipo kupi kwekutenga zviyeuchidzo, mabhuku uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Uye kunze kune nzvimbo yekudyira inova nzvimbo yakanaka yehurukuro nezvechiitiko cheViking pasi pedenga rezhizha.
Ruzivo runoshanda kushanyira Viking Ship Museum
- Iko hakuna marwendo akatungamirwa akarongedzwa nemuseum asi hongu nevanhu vechitatu. Iwe unogona zvakare kurodha yemahara odhiyo redhiyo application pane yako nhare, mumuseum, sezvo paine WiFi, kana kubva kumba kwako nekushanyira webhusaiti.
- Iyo miziyamu ine pasi maviri uye nzvimbo yekuratidzira yakakodzera wiricheya, kunze kwemabhalkoni ekumusoro. Musuwo mukuru unowanikwawo, kunyangwe musuwo unorema. Masuo epamberi ndeevashandi chete. Mukati mune wheelchair lift uye zvimbuzi zvakakosha.
- Iyo miziyamu Inovhura mazuva ese. Kubva May 1 kusvika Gunyana 30 inozviita pakati pa9 am na6 pm; uye kubva muna Gumiguru 1 kusvika Kubvumbi 30 kubva 10am kusvika 4 pm. Yakavharwa muna Ndira 1, Kukadzi 6 na13.
- Iyo miziyamu inobhadharisa mari yekupinda ye NOK 100 pamunhu mukuru uye NOK 80 kweanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu. Aya matikiti akakosha 2 x 1, Ndokunge, vanokutendera iwe kuti upinde mamamuseum maviri, imwe yeiyo Viking chikepe and the nhoroondo Museum, kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere. Hazvitengeswe pamhepo.
- Iyo miziyamu iri paHuk Aveny 35, 0287 Oslo.