Kune yakakura gomo renzvimbo inoyambuka yakawanda yeEurope: maAlps. Makomo aro anokudzwa uye mazhinji acho ane mukurumbira, nzvimbo dzevashanyi, protagonists ekupenda, nyaya uye chiuru nyaya.
Tosangana nhasi makadii alps uye izvo nzvimbo akanaka ane isu.
Alps
Alps vanofamba anopfuura makiromita chiuru nemazana maviri vachidarika nyika sere kubva kumadokero kuenda kumabvazuva kukondinendi yeEurope. Makiromita mazhinji saka anoita kunge akawanda asi muchokwadi iwo haana kuwanda, uye vanotora chikamu chidiki checheni isingagumi inoenda ichibva kuAtlas Mountains kuNorth Africa kuenda kuHimalaya, kuAsia, kuyambuka Europe.
Iwo maAlps anomhanya kubva kuchamhembe, kubva kuMediterranean mhenderekedzo pedyo neNice, France, kusvika kuLake Geneva uye kutendeuka kumabvazuva-kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kuenda kuVienna. Vanobata Danube imomo, muVienna Woods, vonyangarika mubani. Ndeapi nyika anoyambuka Alps? France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia neHerzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia neAlbania. Wenyika idzi chete Austria neSwitzerland ndidzo dzinogona kuonwa senyika dzepamusoro chaidzo.
Alps dzinotora makiromita zviuru makumi maviri nezvinomwe uye pasina kupokana ivo chimwe chezviratidzo zvekondinendi. Uye izvo munzira ipi neipi hazvingaenzaniswe nematanho emakomo akaumbwa zvakanyanya kana kushomeka akafanana mamirioni emakore apfuura seakanaka Andes kana Himalaya. Asi Europe iri Eurocentric, saka nekudaro makomo aya dzimwe nguva anonyanya kufarirwa kupfuura mamwe.
IAlps yakave uye ichiri iyo injini yehupfumi hwenyika hwakawanda. Kana kwemazana emakore hupfumi hwaive hwekufudza, kubvira muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX indasitiri inotungamira zvichibva pazvinhu izvo zvinopihwa nemakomo: simbi inoisirwa, mvura inoshandiswa muzvirimwa zvemagetsi, aluminium, indasitiri yemakemikari, simbi ... Uye, nei zvisingaiti, kushanya, indasitiri isina chimneys.
Asi ndeapi mavambo eAlps? Iri gomo renzvimbo yakaumbwa pakati pemakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu nemazana mana emakore apfuura, pakupera kwenguva yeMesozoic. Yekutanga geological mbiri yakazogadziriswa nekufamba kwenguva, iyo glaciation, semuenzaniso, yakaumba zvikuru Alps, ichiumba nzvimbo dzakakwirira, mipata yakakura uye yakadzika, mapopoma, makungwa akadzika, zvikomo nevamwe. Panguva iyoyo Lake Constance, iyo Salzkammergut, iyo Staubbach mapopoma, Matterhorn kana Grossglockner vakazvarwa semuenzaniso.
Saka, muzuva redu, maAlps akapatsanurwa kuita Western Alps, Central Alps, uye maEastern Alps zvikamu ayo akasiyana akasiyana makomo. IWestern Alps inotangira kuchamhembe kubva kumahombekombe, ichidarika kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweFrance nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweItari yakananga kuLake Geneva neRhône Valley muSwitzerland. Heano maMaritime Alps, ezasi uye padyo neGungwa reMediterranean, uye yakadzika Verdon Canyon kana iyo misoro yechando yeMercantour Massif uye iyo Mont Blanc ine 4.807 metres kukwirira, iyo yepamusoro soro muAlps dzese.
ari Central alps Anotangira kuSan Bernardo Pass, kumabvazuva kweMont Blanc uye pamuganhu weSwitzerland neItari, kusvika kudunhu reSplügen Pass, kuchamhembe kweLake Como.Munzvimbo iyi yatichangobva kunyora pane makomo akakwirira akadai Matterhorn, iyo Finsteraarhorn, Weisshorn uye iyo Dufourspitze, ese achikwira. Kune zvakare madziva echando eMaggiore neComo, ayo anodonhera muRwizi rwePo.
Kune avo chikamu Eastern alps iwo ari chikamu cheRätische Mountain Range muSwitzerland, maBavarian Alps kuGerman nekumadokero kweAustria, maDolomites kuItari, maJulian Alps kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweItaly nekuchamhembe kweSlovenia, maTauern Mountains muAustria kana maDinaric Alps paBalkan Peninsula. Nzizi dziri munzvimbo iyi ndeye Mur, iyo Drau, Sava, iyo Salzach, Enns kana Lake Garda.
Chokwadi ndechokuti zororo reAlps rakaenzana: makomo marefu ari kumadokero, muMont Blanc massif uye muFinsteraahorn massif, nzvimbo yeMonte Rosa kana Weisshorn massif. Asi ichokwadi kuti nyika yega yega ine makomo ayo epamusoro soro. Semuyenzaniso? Zvakanaka, muAustria ndiyo Grossglockner, kuGerman iyo Zugspitze, muSlovenia iyo Triglav.
Asi kwete chete kuzorodzwa kweAlps hakuna kukwana asiwo mamiriro ekunze. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekukwirira kune musiyano mumamiriro ekunze, kwete chete pakati pemakomo emakomo asi mumakomo akafanana emakomo. Iyo Alps inonyanya kukanganiswa ne ina mamiriro ekunze: kubva kumadokero kunouya mamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro uye ane hunyoro, kubva kuchamhembe kune inotonhora uye yakawanda polar mamiriro ekunze, kubva kumabvazuva mamiriro ekunze uye anotonhora anounza kupisa kwakapisa, uye kubva kumaodzanyemba mhepo inodziya yeMediterranean.
Zvino, pano isu tiri kufarira kutashanya saka ...Chii chinonzi Alps chinopa kune vafambi? Kubva pakapera Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri, kushanya kuri kuwedzera uye nyika dzichikwikwidza kukwezva vafambi. MuAlps mune zvakapoterera Mazana matanhatu ematanhatu emahotera uye 600 acho ari muAustria chete. Kunyangwe munhu achibatanidza makomo nekushanya kwechando, kune zvakare kwakawanda kushanya kwezhizha, saka zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kune nzvimbo zhinji hupfumi hwayo hwakatarisana nekushanya.
Neraki matambudziko ekufambisa ari munguva yakapfuura. Kune echinyakare makomo anopfuura akawedzerwa nzira, migwagwa mikuru, njanji, mitsetse uye zviri pachena, ndege, saka nhasi hapana nzvimbo isingasvikiki yemakomo.
Kuenda kupi kuAlps? En Alemania kune dzakawanda nzvimbo dzinoyevedza muBavarian Alps. Nguva yechando inotora kubva pakupera kwaZvita kusvika Kubvumbi uye zhizha pakati pekuguma kwaMay uye kutanga kwaNovember. Nzvimbo dzakakura kwazvo dzekugara munzvimbo iyi Garmisch-Chikamu, yakajairika yekubva kuBavaria, asi iwe unogona zvakare kushanyira Oberstdorf, Füssen neBerchtesgaden.
Kana iwe uchihaya mota, imwe yeakanakisa migwagwa yeAlpine ndiyo German Alpine Route iyo inomhanya makiromita mazana mana kubva kuLindau, paLake Constance, kuenda kuSchönau. Alps mukati Ositiriya vanotipa nzvimbo dzinoyevedza dzemupata weDanube nebani rePannonia, pamwe nemataundi nemaguta anoita kunge akatorwa kubva kumakadhi, muSlovenia maAlps neGungwa reMediterranean zvinosangana nebani rimwechete rePannonia uye kune mapako, masango, mipata, zvikomo , mapopoma uye makungwa uye makomo kutenderera.
En France maAlps anogadzirawo nzvimbo dzinoyevedza, nemisha nenhare, mu Italia zvishamiso zvinoitikawo asi sezvatakambotaura pakutanga, kana iwe uchingoda vangangoita 100% alpine nharaunda ipapo ... kwauri kuenda ndiko Switzerland!
Switzerland ine makomo anorota, cogwheel zvitima, tambo mota, ski peaks ane panoramic shongwe, hwomutambarakede uye nzvimbo dzinowanikwa zvirinani, maguta emarudzi uye tsika dzakawanda pamwechete. Zvisinei, ini ndinofunga zviri pachena kuti senzvimbo yekuEurope, munguva yechando kana chirimo, maAlps.