La Ellora Caves Ndiwo mamwe mashura e India, imwe yedzakawanda, sezvo iyi nyika huru iri dura rechokwadi repfuma. Inogona kunge isiri pane yako runyorwa rwenzvimbo dzekushanyira parwendo rwekutanga, asi vazhinji vanowira murudo neIndia uye kudzoka, saka unogona kuisanganisira parwendo rwako rwekudzoka.
Aya mapako, akawanda uye asingakanganwiki kana iwe uchinge wava kuaziva, ari World Heritage Site kubvira 1983. Ngativazivei.
Ellora Caves
Ivo varipo in maharashtra, nyika iri kumadokero kwenharaunda yepeninsular yenyika. Ndiyo nyika yechipiri ine vanhu vakawanda muIndia. Iyo, zvakare, yakakamurwa kuita matunhu mazhinji uye dzimbahwe rayo, Mumbai, ndiyo ine vanhu vakawanda maguta munyika.
Iyi nyika ine matanhatu World Heritage Sites mune yayo geography, uye pakati pawo pane Ellora Caves. Mapako aya Imhaka yebakoMuchokwadi, vanovanza zvinyorwa uye matembere izvo Vanobva muna 600 AD kusvika mugore re1000 uye inoratidza budiriro yekare yeIndia.
Iko kune huwandu hwe mazana emapako, vari vose akacherwa mumawere ebasalt, chigadzirwa chekuputika kwemakomo, muCharanandri Hills, uye zvese zvakavhurika kune veruzhinji. Kune 17 hindu caves, kubva pa13 kusvika ku29 maererano nenhamba dzavakarongwa nadzo, mapako echiBuddhas, kubva pa1 kusvika pa12, uye shanu Jain caves, kubva pa30 kusvika ku34.
Boka rimwe nerimwe remapako inoratidza vanamwari kubva mungano dzakatekeshera munguva yadzakavezwa, uye kunewo dzimba dzemamongi.. Iwo akavakwa ari pedyo zvikuru nomumwe nomumwe uye anoratidzira kuvapo pamwe chete kworudzidziso kwagara kuripo murutivi irworwo rwenyika.
Chii chatinoziva nezvekuvakwa kwayo? Zvakanaka, zvakadzidzwa zvakanyanya, kunyanya munguva iyo India yaive pfuma yeBritish. Chidzidzo chayo chaive chisina matambudziko, kunyanya nekuda kwekusangana kwechiHindu, Jain uye maBhudha masitaera, zvekuti zvinhu zvakaomarara kutora nguva yakanaka.
Pakupedzisira, pane kubvumirana, kunowanikwa nekuenzanisa nemamwe mapako munharaunda, zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakanyorwa uye uchapupu hunowanikwa munzvimbo dziri pedyo dzekuchera matongo, kuti Ellora Caves. Vakavakwa munguva dzinoverengeka: nguva yekutanga yechiHindu, nguva yeBuddha, nguva yechiHindu uye pakupedzisira chikamu cheJain.
Saka, ngatiendei muzvikamu. Pazvivakwa zvechiHindu, zvinoti mapako 13 kusvika 29, mapfumbamwe emapako temberi akavakwa munguva yeKalachuri, kubva pakati pezana ramakore rechitanhatu kusvika pakupera kwezana ramakore rechisere. Ipapo kune mamwe akavakwa panguva yeRashtrakuta, nebako rechi16 riri rekupedzisira kuvezwa, rine monolith yakakura kwazvo pasi rose. Mambo Krishna pachake akatsigira mapako aya.
Temberi dzemapako ekutanga kuvakwa aive maHindu, pamberi pevaBhudha nevaJain. Kazhinji ivo vakatsaurirwa kuna Shiva, pakati pevamwe vamwari vakakosha zvakaenzana. Pamusoro pezvose, Bako hombe zvakare nderimwe rekare, iBako 29 kana dhumar Lena, yakavakirwa kutenderedza mapopoma emvura echisikigo, inoonekwawo kubva pamhanza.
ari Zviyeuchidzo zveBuddha, mumapako 1 kusvika ku12, dziri kumaodzanyemba kwenzvimbo yekuchera matongo uye dzakavakwa pakati pe630 ne700, zvishoma kana zvishoma, AD. VaHindu.
Mapako echiBhudha akanaka. Gumi nerimwe pavane gumi nembiri dzimba dzemamongi dzine mahombe, ane nhurikidzwa dzakawanda dzeminamato, zvose zvakavezwa pamberi pegomo, nedzimba dzokurara, dzokubikira nedzimba dzokugara. Gautama Buddha, vatsvene uye bodhisattvas vanokudzwa uye iwe uchaona kuti mune mamwe makona. ibwe rakaita somuti.
Pakati pemapako ese echiBhudha pane akanaka Vadivelu Comedy Vishvakarma Cave, Bako 10, rinozivikanwawo se «bako romuvezi nokuti chaizvoizvo dombo rakavezwa nenzira yokuti rinoratidzika sedanda. Ane a stuppa Inoratidzika secathedral uye pakati pane chifananidzo chikuru chaBuddha akagara achinamata. Iri bako rine dhizaini ine nechepakati nave uye rudzi rwemachapel ekudivi ane 28 octagonal columns. Frizzes chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa.
Uye pakupedzisira pane Jain monuments, mapako kubva 30 kusvika 34. Ndivo kuchamhembe kweEllora uye ndeveboka reDigambara, saka Vakacherwa muzana remakore rechi9 neregumi. Ivo vakawanda zvidiki kupfuura mapako echiBuddha kana kuti echiHindu, asi haana kushaya runako. Enzanisa yakawanda yechimiro cheapashure, asi, mukupesana, simbiso inoiswa parondedzero yavaJina 24, vakundi vomudzimu vakakwanisa kukurira nhambo isingagumi yokuberekwazve. Muboka iri rekupedzisira, mapako ese ane zvawo, pfuma diki ine mbiru dzakakura, pasi akati wandei, mahoro nemifananidzo yevamwari.
Iyo saiti yebako ichokwadi chikamu chekare chekutengeserana nzira kuburikidza neSouth Asia, uye yakanga iri nzvimbo yezvokutengeserana inokosha, kupfuura idi rokuti mapako aishanda setembere nezororo nokuda kwavafambi. Nei vachinzi Ellora? Zita ndiro pfupi shanduro ye Ellorpuram, zita rinowanikwa muzvinyorwa zvekare.
Mapako eEllora ari kupi? Varipo anenge makiromita makumi maviri nepfumbamwe kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweguta reSambhaji Nagar uye makiromita mazana matatu kubva kuMumbai.. Pane zviratidzo zvakajeka kuti kubvira pakuvakwa kwayo Ellora Caves Vakashanyirwa zvakanyanya, pahwaro hwenguva dzose, sezvavakanga vari mukati menzira yakabatikana yokutengeserana. Izvo zvakagadzira Yakawanda kukuvadza, kunyanya kukuvadzwa kwave kuchiitwa nezvidhori zvavamwari nezvidhori sezvo zvakavezwa pambiru kana pamadziro zvakangofanana.
Zvinoita sekuti kukuvara kukuru uku kumifananidzo yevamwari Iwo ainyanya kugadzirwa mukati memazana emakore 15, 16 ne17, apo mauto eMuslim akasvika. ku peninsula. Zvinofanira kutaurwawo izvozvo kamwe izvi zvese zvakapendwa zvakanakisa, dombo rakanga rakafukidzwa nepurasita uye rakanga rakapendwa nemavara. Mune zvimwe zvikamu chete plaster yekutanga uye pendi zvakasara.
Ndeipi nguva yaunofanira kushanyira Ellora Caves? Kunyange zvazvo zviuru zvevashanyi zvichisvika gore negore, nguva yakanaka yekushanyira inguva ye vhiki yechitatu yaMarch, kwemazuva ano chaizvo, kubvira the Ellora Classical Mimhanzi uye Dhanzi Mutambo.
La kushanya Inogona kuitwa mumaawa matatu kana mana, uchisarudza mapako auchashanyira kubva kuboka rega rega (kunyangwe mapako eJain achigona kushanyirwa ese nekuti iwo madiki). Chinhu chakanakisisa, zvisinei, kugara zuva rose. Iyo saiti yakavhurika mazuva ese kunze kweChipiri, kubva 9am kusvika 5:30 pm.