Asia ndiyo kondinendi ine vanhu vakawanda uye hombe pasi rose. Izvo zvakapfuma, zvakasiyana muvanhu, mitauro, nharaunda, zvitendero. Kune nyika dzakasiyana kubva kune imwe neimwe seIsrael neJapan, Russia nePakistan kana India neKorea. Asi nhasi tichataura nezve izvo zviri, mumaonero angu, zvakanakisa misoro mikuru yeAsia.
Ndiri kureva maguta ane nyika dzakasiyana dzeTokyo, Beijing, Taipei, Seoul neSingapore. Imwe neimwe inopa yayo, ine nhoroondo yayo, tsika yayo, idiosyncrasy yayo. Isu takavawana here?
Beijing
Beijing kana Peking ndiro guta guru rePeople's Republic of China uye ndiro guta rine vanhu vakawanda kwazvo pasi rino, riine kanenge 21 mamiriyoni vanogara. Iri kuchamhembe kwenyika uye ine gumi nematanhatu ekumaruwa, emumaguta uye mumadhorobha matunhu.
Ndiyo moyo wenyika padanho rezvematongerwo enyika netsika uye nekuda kwehukuru hwayo iguta chairo. Shure kweShanghai, ndiro guta rechipiri rine vanhu vazhinji uye mushure mekupedzisira kwehupfumi hwenyika inogara dzimbahwe remakambani akakosha echiChinese pasi rese.
Zvakare, Beijing Iri rimwe remaguta ekare kwazvo pasi, ane anopfuura zviuru zvitatu zvemakore yekuvapo. Yakanga isiri iro chete guta guru ramambo munyika, asi yaive imwe yeakakosha uye akasimba. Iyo yakakomberedzwa nezvikomo uye yayo yakanakisa yapfuura ichiri kuoneka nhasi mu tembere, dzimbahwe, mapaki, mapindu nemakuva. Hazvigoneke kufuratira iyo Yakarambidzwa Guta, Muzinda weZhizha, iwo Ming Tombs, iyo Big Wall kana Grand Canal.
La UNESCO yazivisa nzvimbo nomwe muBeijing se Nhaka Yenyika (mamwe ndiwo atakambotaura kare), asi kupfuura nzvimbo idzodzo dzekubwinya iro guta pacharo, nemigwagwa yaro uye tsika dzechivanhu, hutongs, zvinoshamisa.
Beyond yayo yekushanya zvinokwezva uye yazvino zvazvino, ndiyo hub chinonyanya kukosha kutakura kuchamhembe kwenyika. Iyo ine yakakwira-kumhanya zvitima-kumaguta senge Shanghai, Guangzhou, Kowloon, Harbin, Inner Mongolia zvichingodaro. Beijing Railway Station yakavhurwa muna 1959 asi kune zvimwe zviteshi zvakavakirwa mumakumi emakore anotevera, sezvo njanji yacho yakawedzerwa uye kuwedzeredzwa. Kune zvakare metro, ine 23 mitsara uye ingangoita 700 makiromita kureba.
Uye zvakare, kune migwagwa mikuru nemigwagwa inosiya guta nedzimwe dzinopinda mukati. Iyi migwagwa yakatenderera, vano tenderera neguta vachitarisa Rakarambidzwa Guta sepakati payo. Uye zviripachena, muguta mune nhandare yenyika. Izvo zvakakodzera kuti udaro kubva ku2013 Kana iwe uchibva kunyika dzakaita seBrazil, Argentina, European Union kana Japan, pakati pevamwe, unobvumidzwa a 72 awa vhiza kushanyira guta.
Tokyo
Ndiyo Guta guru reJapan, rinoreva guta guru kana guta rekumabvazuva, uye iri pakati kumabvazuva kwechitsuwa cheHonshu, mudunhu reKanto. Ndiye zvematongerwo enyika, zvemagariro, zvedzidzo, zvetsika uye zvehupfumi nzvimbo yenyika.
Tokyo ine vagari vakatenderedza 40 mamiriyoni evanhu (Nyika yakaita seArgentina, semuenzaniso, ine huwandu hwevanhu vanosvika mamirioni makumi mana nemana uye yakawedzera zvakapetwa kane chiuru), saka kune vanhu vazhinji munzvimbo diki.
Pakutanga waive musha wehove unonzi Edo, asi wakazove wakakosha muMiddle Ages, pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kwemakore zana akatevera raive guta iro maererano nehuwandu hwaro rakanga ratofananidzwa nemaguta eEurope. Yakanga isiri iyo nguva dzose guta guru reJapan, Kyoto yaive kwenguva yakareba, Nara yakafanana, asi muna 1868 rakava guta guru.
Tokyo akatambura kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru muna 1923 uyezve iyo Hondo Yenyika II mabhomba. Shanduko yayo huru uye kukura kwakatanga muma50, zvakabatana nekuvandudza hupfumi hwenyika.
Tokyo haina kushaya zviitiko zvemitambo zvepasirese senge maOlimpiki (kunyangwe maOlympics e2020 achizokanganikwa), uye kunyangwe isina hupfumi hwakawanda hwekuvaka hwakapukunyuka kuurayiwa kwakawanda, chokwadi ndechekuti zvazvino uno ndicho chinokwezva kwazvo.
Usakanganwa kushanyira iyo Tokyo Tower, iyo Tokyo Skytree, iyo migwagwa yeShibuya, iko kunaka kweGinza, Roppongi Makomo ...
Seoul
Ndiyo guta guru reSouth Korea uye guta guru munyika ino. Iine huwandu hwevanoda kusvika 20 mamiriyoni evanhu uye ine hupfumi hwakasimba kwazvo. Heano mahofisi makuru emakambani akadai se LG, Samsung, Hyundai ...
Seoul ine nhoroondo ine zvitsauko zvinoverengeka zvinosuruvarisa kubvira maJapan akapinda munyika uye vakaiisa kuumambo hwavo muna 1910. Ipapo yakazopararira kumadokero, zvivakwa zvakati wandei, uye madziro akaputswa, uye pakazopera hondo maAmerican akasvika kuzoisunungura. Muna 1945 guta rakanzi Seoul, kunyangwe hupenyu hwaro hwaisazove hwakanyarara nekuti muma50s iyo Hondo yeKorea.
Mushure make, mushure mekurwa pakati peSouth Koreans nemaAmerican vachirwisa maNorth Koreans nemaSoviet, guta rakatambura zvakanyanya kukuvara. Kuparadza kwacho kwakawedzerwa nemafashama evapoteri, saka yakawana huwandu hwevanhu nekukurumidza. Kukura kwaro mumaguta uye kwehupfumi kwakatanga muma60. Nhasi 20% yehuwandu hwevanhu vanogara pano kubva kuSouth Korea.
Iri iguta rine mwaka unotonhora uye unopisa. Yakakamurwa kuita makumi maviri neshanu maiwe, matunhu, ehukuru hwakasiyana. Imwe ndeye Gangnam ine mukurumbira yatakanzwa pane iyo yekuKorea pop yakarova makore mashoma apfuura. Seoul ipapo ine huwandu hwehuwandu hwakawanda zvakapetwa kaviri hweNew York.
Iyo ine enhoroondo nzvimbo dzekushanyira, iyo chikamu pakati peSouth Korea neNorth Korea, inozivikanwa Demilitarized Zone, mamuseum, zvivakwa zvechinyakare, nharaunda dzinoyevedza uye yakawanda yehusiku husiku.
Singapore
Iyo inyika uye panguva imwechete guta guru. Iyo nyika yechitsuwa, guta-dunhu riri muSoutheast Asia. Icho chitsuwa chikuru uye chine dzakatenderedza 63 zvitsuwa kana zvidiki zvidiki saka ivo vanowedzera kumusoro kwenzvimbo.
Vanhu vazhinji vanogara pano uye inzvimbo ine tsika dzakasiyana ine mitauro mina yepamutemo: Malay, Chirungu, Mandarin Chinese uye Tamil. Yemazuva ano Singapore yakavambwa muna 1819, sechikamu chebhizimusi cheihwo hweBritain Humambo. MuHondo Yenyika II yaigara nemaJapan, yakazodzoka kudzora kweChirungu uye pakupedzisira akawana kuzvidzora kwake muna 1959, muAsia decolonization maitiro mushure mehondo.
Kunyangwe paine zvirevo zvisina kunaka, kushaya ivhu, zviwanikwa, yakava imwe yeiyo Makumi mana eAsia Tigers uye saka yakawedzera nekukurumidza kumhanya. Sisitimu yayo yehurumende ndeye unicameral paramende uye hurumende inodzora zvese zvishoma. Bato rimwe chete rakatonga magumo eSingapore zvachose.
Ehe, iri nzanga inochengetedza. Kuita bonde murume mumwe chete hakusi pamutemo, Zvirinani izvozvi. Kune zvakare akawanda mamirionea, yakaderera urovha chiyero uye kwenguva yakati ikozvino kune zvakare kwakawanda kushanya. Saizvozvo, iro guta ndiro guta rechishanu rinoshanyirwa kwazvo pasi rese uye yechipiri mudunhu reAsia Pacific.
Taipei
Ndiyo guta guru reTaiwan kana Republic of China. Iri kuchamhembe kwechitsuwa uye ine huwandu hwevanhu vane mamirioni maviri kana kupfuura vanhu, kuverenga nzvimbo yeguta. Muchokwadi, zita rinoreva kune iyi yese seti.
Zviripachena, ndiyo zvematongerwo enyika, zveupfumi uye zvetsika moyo wenyika uye rimwe remaguta akakosha muAsia. Zvese zvinhu zvinopfuura nepakati peTaipei nenhandare dzayo dzendege nenjanji. Uye zvakare, ine zvivakwa zvinozivikanwa zvinoverengeka, zvine mukurumbira kungave kwekuvaka kana kwetsika, senge chivakwa chakakurumbira cheTaipei 101 kana Chiang Kai-shek Chirangaridzo.
Asi zvakare Taipei ine misika, ine mamuseum, migwagwa, makwere, mapaki. Uye nhoroondo, zvakasikwa. Yakagara iine hukama neChina, muchokwadi nhasi People's Republic of China iri kuramba ichiti chitsuwa ichi chayo, asi zvakare yaigara nemaJapan muna 1895. Mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika II, China yakadzoka kuidzora, asi mushure mehondo yevagari vemuChinese umo makomonisiti akakunda, venyika vaifanira kutama kubva kumahombekombe ndokuenda kuTaiwan.
Nyika anga aine coups nehudzvanyiriri nematambudziko ezvehupfumi izvo zvakamanikidza vagari vayo kutizira kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zvakaipisisa, muma '90s imwe nguva yezvematongerwo enyika yakatanga uye kubvira 1996 pane mapato akati wandei nesarudzo dzenyika.
Taipei ine Mamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro saka zvirinani kutiza zhizha risingatsungiririki. Yakakomberedzwa nemakomo uye ine nzizi uye kushanya kunyanya kushanyira iyo Chiang Kai- Shek Chirangaridzo, iyo yakavamba Taiwan mushure mekurasikirwa nehondo yevagari vemo, iyo National Concert Hall, yemitambo yenyika, tembere dzayo dzakasiyana, uye mitambo yetsika, iyo Freedom Square, iyo National Museum, dangwe munyika uye yakavambwa nemaJapan ...
Taipei 101 ndiyo inovhenekera skyscraper yeTaipei. Yakavhurwa muna2004 uye yaive yakareba kwazvo pasi rose kwenguva yakati kusvika kuvakwa kweBurj Khalifa. Iva 509 metres kumusoro uye kupera kwegore mafireworki anoshamisa chaizvo.
Ndasarudza izvi pamusoro pemimwe misoro mikuru muAsia nekuti ndiyo chikamu chenyika ino chandinonyanya kufarira. Hapana chinhu sekufamba kuno kuti unzwe kure netsika nemagariro edu. Uye sezvavanotaura, kusaziva kunorapwa nekuverenga uye rusaruro runorapwa nekufamba.