Kana iwe uchida magwenga, zvirokwazvo wakanzwa nezve Gwenga reAtacama, renje rine mukurumbira muSouth America, riri mukati Chile Ndiro gwenga rakaoma kwazvo risina polar uye gwenga rakakura kwazvo rine mhute pasi rose.
Yakakura kwazvo uye unogona kuishanyira, saka pano tinokuudza kuti zvakamira sei uye nguva yekushanyira gwenga reAtacama.
Gwenga reAtacama
Atacama desert Iyo ine nzvimbo ye1600 km., iri pamhenderekedzo yePacific, kumadokero kweAndes, muChile. Zviri pamusoro a nzvimbo ine matombo, ine madziva ane saline, jecha, uye matombo anoputika.
Kutambura nekupisa kwakanyanya, nekuti inoratidzwa kune zvese zviri zviviri Humboldt ocean current uye anticlonic current yePacific. Kunyange zvazvo munhu achifunga nezverenje senzvimbo yakaoma, Gwenga reAtacama rakanga riri, kutozosvikira nguva pfupi yapfuura, inzvimbo ine miti iyo. Yakatemwa nemigodhi muzana remakore rechiXNUMX nerechiXNUMX.
Chaizvoizvo iri gwenga rinopisa, rekare uye rakaoma. Inonzi irenje rekare pasirese uye mamiriro ayo asina mvura atova makore 150 miriyoni (maererano neNature Magazine). Mwoyo wegwenga wanga wakaoma zvakanyanya kwemakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, nekuda kwekuita kwakasanganiswa kweiyo geology uye mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo. Ndicho chikonzero iyo nzvimbo iyo NASA inoedza zviridzwa uye inoongorora marabhoritari yemamishini kuMars.
Izvo ndezvekuti iyi hyper arid heart inenge ichidzivirira kuvepo kwezvirimwa kana mhuka uye kune humwe hupenyu huri muchimiro chemicrobe, super inoshingirira kunaya nemafashama nekupisa. Uye vanoti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuchaita kuti madutu epano ave nesimba nekuita kuti mamiriro ekunze awedzere kushanduka zvakare, saka pachinzvimbo chekuti gwenga riwedzere kuoma, zvinoita sekunge. kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuchaita kuti zvinyorove. Panguva ino, Desert reAtacama rinogona kubatsira masayendisiti kuona kuti vanhu vanogona sei kurarama paMars.
Gwenga zorora mujinga meAndes, makomo akavhara kusvika kwemvura yaibva kumabvazuva. Kumadokero, mhepo inotonhora inobva kuPacific inosimudzira mamiriro ezvinhu emuchadenga kuti mvura yomugungwa ipfuure, nokudaro ichidzivisa kuumbwa kwamakore emvura. Mune mamwe magwenga epasi tembiricha inogona kukwira zvakanyanya, asi pano avhareji tembiricha mukati megore inodziya zvakanyanya uye inosvika 18ºC.
Atacama desert Ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa munyika kuona zvakavanzika zvepasirese uye nechikonzero ichi kazhinji inoshanyirwa nevanoongorora nyeredzi, vanodzidza uye nyanzvi. Mugwenga ine husiku 330 pagore pasina makore saka rinongori hwindo rinoshamisa kune zvakasikwa, uye nechikonzero ichi pane zvakawanda zvinoongorora: kune inonzi inonzi ALMA, network ye 66 teresikopu iyo inotungamirirwa nevarongi vezvesayenzi vanobva kumativi ose enyika, kubva kuEurope, North America, East Asia uye zvechokwadi, Chile.
Teresikopu yeEuropean Space Agency, somuenzaniso, yakawana gadziriro yepuraneti yakafanana neyedu anenge 40 light-years kubva kure, uye pamwe chete nedzimwe, yave ichitizivisa zvakavanzika zveboka redu renyeredzi. Asi sezvandambotaura, vanoongorora nyeredzi vanouyawo pano vachiita chaizvo zvakadanwa "astrotourism". Uye ndizvozvo izvozvi kune zvinopfuura gumi zvekuongorora, vazhinji vavo vari pedyo neSan Pedro de Atacama (ALMA, Alarkapin, Paranal).
Kumaodzanyemba kune Mamalluca, Collowuara, Tololo neLas Campanas observatories, kungodoma mashoma. Uye tingasaina sei kuti titarise masaiti aya? Cherechedza: muLa Serena, muElqui Valley, muAntofagasta, Iquique kana San Pedro de Atacama kune masangano anopa izvi. rwendo rwe astrotourism: Zvinosanganisira pekugara, chekufambisa uye chekutarisa michina.
Uye zvechokwadi, ndezvekuita shanyira nzvimbo dzinocherechedzwa nezvivakwa zvadzo uye ufunge nezvenyeredzi. Ongorora kuti rwendo rwakadai runotora mazuva mashanu uye runofukidza avhareji yemakiromita 5. Guta riri padyo negwenga ndiSan Pedro de Atacama, nzvimbo yatinogona kusvika nemotokari yavose kana nebhazi kubva kuCalama, muChile, kana kuti, kana uri muArgentina, kubva kuSalta. Ndiyo inonyanya kukurudzirwa kutanga.
Mugwagwa unoenda kuSan Pedro de Atacama, taundi rekaresa muChile, uzere nenzvimbo dzakaisvonaka, ungave uchienda nenyika kana kuti nendege. MaAndes anoenda kunzvimbo yeshava yegwenga, kumapani ayo akati sandara akazara nemakoronga. Mugwagwa uri pakati peSan Pedro neCalama nenyika makiromita zana, uri rwendo rwemugwenga, sokunge uri kufamba paMwedzi. Bva, zvishoma nezvishoma, Andes inofamba pamusoro uye paunosvika muSan Pedro unoita sokunge wasvika panzvimbo yakasvibira yakakomberedzwa namakomo, dziva remunyu nemirwi yejecha.
Nebhazi, nzira inotora ingangoita awa nehafu, inobatanidza San Pedro neCalama airport. Vafambi vazhinji vanohaya mota muCalama kana kugovera imwe nhanho kubva kunhandare yendege kuenda kuSan Pedro kuti vatore nzendo kubva ipapo. Kana ukasarudza bhazi pasvondo pane kazhinji 145 masevhisi. Nzira yakachipa ndeye kushandisa chekufambisa ichi, asi chinokurumidza kutora tekisi.
Nzendo dzinonyanya kufarirwa kuAtacama Desert dzinotanga paSalar, Mupata weMwedzi, maTatio geysers.. Asi kunze kwenzvimbo iwe unogona zvakare kuenda panguva yecarnival mwaka, akanaka kwazvo uye ane mavara mapato. Chinonyanya kukosha iCarnival Con la Fuerza del Sol, muguta reArica, asi kune zvakare Carnival yeMukadzi Wedu weAyquina kana mutambo weLa Tirana. Uye ndinotaura nezve carnivals nekuti kupfuura renje, huvepo hwevanhu huripo.
Renje rave riri mutsara wevakawanda pre-Columbian budiriro, saka nhaka yaro inogona kuonekwa mukati. dombo art uye pamberi pemamwe marudzi aripo. Nokuda kweizvi unogona kushanyira Azapa kana Valle de Lluta, Pucará de Quitor kana Aldea de Tulor, muSan Pedro, somuenzaniso.
Saka, kana ukaenda kuAtaca Desert haugone kupotsa San Pedro, iyo Pucará de Quitor neValle de Marte, iyo Baltinache, Chaxa, Altiplánica neCejar lagoons, iyo inonzi Piedras Rojas uye Aguas Calientes Salt Flat, iyo Tatio geysers, Mupata weMwedzi uye maonero eKari uye Rainbow Valley.
zvakanaka, Ndeipi nguva yakanaka yekuenda kuAtacama Desert? Mwedzi yakanakisa, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akanaka, enda kubva munaNdira kusvika Kubvumbi uye kubva munaGunyana kusvika Zvita, kusanganisira. Mwedzi inodziya zvikuru ndiNdira, Kukadzi naKurume naGumiguru, Mbudzi naZvita. Iyo yakanyanya kuoma kubva muna Kubvumbi kusvika Zvita. Uye Chikunguru ndiwo mwedzi unotonhora zvakanyanya.
Kuva saizvozvo, mwaka wepamusoro, nevashanyi vakawanda, ndiFebruary, September, October naNovember, ichiva nhamba yepamusoro-soro munaJanuary naDecember. Mwaka wakaderera unotanga muna Kurume uye unosvika muna Nyamavhuvhu, uye wakanyanya kuderera uri muna Chikumi.
Hazvina mhosva kuti nguva ipi yaunoenda, gara uchipfeka zvipfeko zvezhizha uye zvipfeko zvechando. Kupisa kunopisa masikati uye kunotonhora zvikuru usiku. Zvakare, kana uchizoshanyira maTatio geysers kana Altiplanic Lagoons, pfeka jasi.