Red Square yeRussia, inofanirwa kuona

Chero ani anopfuura makore makumi mana ekuberekwa acharangarira nguva yeHondo Yemashoko uye kuti Zvakaipa zvakamirirwa sei neSoviet Union. Moyo weiyi ideology yakatarisana ne capitalism yaive muMoscow uye kana isu tichigona kufunga nezve imwe nzvimbo yekongiri yatinogona kufunga nezve Red Square.

Nhasi Red Square ndeimwe yekutanga, kana isiri iyo yekutanga saiti yakashanyirwa nevashanyi. Asi chii ichocho? Chii chiripo chekuona? Ndeipi nhoroondo yayo? Kana iwe ukaenda kuRussia kune 2018 World Cup iwe unonyatso famba mairi saka pano une zvakawanda mashoko.

Iyo Red Square

Kufanana nemaguta ese ekare, Moscow yakave nenzvimbo huru pakaitirwa musika panguva iyoyo uye ndipo panotangira Red Square. Semoyo weguta, zvave zvekare chiitiko chemhemberero, kufora kwemauto, kuziviswa kwemadzimambo uye kumukira. Ehezve, iyo dhizaini zvakare yakachinja zvakanyanya kwemazana emakore.

Iyo square inopatsanura Kremlin, yaimbova imba yamambo uye nhasi ndipo panogara mutungamiri, kubva kudhorobha reguta reKitai-gorod. Zvagara zvichikosha asi kubva pakavandudzwa midhiya yekutaurirana midhiya, kunyanya terevhizheni, yakwanisa kuve iyo mufananidzo wekare wecommunism. Vakanga vari veSoviet vaizviita mucherechedzo wehurongwa hwavo, vachibata mapati emauto uye chero mhemberero yenyika imomo gore rimwe nerimwe.

Muchokwadi, apa pakanga paine kuratidzira kukuru mushure mekukunda muGreat Patriotic War muna 1945, yechipiri Hondo Yenyika. Chokwadi ndechekuti maSoviet akaputsa zvimwe zvivakwa zvekare kuti matangi avo nemaroketi vafambe, kunyangwe nerombo rakanaka vakazovakwazve. Kupenya kwayo kwakadzoka zvine mutsindo apo muna 1990 UNESCO yakadoma Red Square seNyika Heritage Site

Zvokuona muRed Square

Pano kune zvivakwa zvekunyika nezvivakwa zvechitendero kuvhakachira. Ivo vanotarisisa nhoroondo huru yeRussia saka handifunge kuti iwe unofanirwa kusiya chero yavo mupombi. Pakati pezvivakwa zvechitendero pane Kazan Cathedral o Cathedral yeMukadzi Wedu weKazan, Orthodox tembere, kuvakwazve kweshanduro yekutanga iyo yakaparadzwa muna 1936.

Kereke yekutanga iyi yakatanga kubva muzana ramakore regumi nemanomwe payakavakwa yekutenda Mhandara nekudzosa guta kubva mumaoko emauto ePoland-Lithuanian. Yekutanga yaive yakagadzirwa nematanda asi sekuparadzwa kwayo nemoto chinotevera chakavakwa nezvidhinha. Gore rega rega, uchirangarira chaizvo iyo nguva, mudungwe unoitwa kubva kuKremlin kuenda kuchechi.

Pakati pa1936 na1990 kereke yakanga isipo, yakanga yaputswa, saka yaive imwe yekutanga kuvakwazve mushure mekudonha kwemaCommunist. Muna 1993 yakavhurwa zvakare.

El Kremlin Iyo inovhenekerwa yakaoma, yaimbova imba yamambo, yakatarisana nerwizi Moskva, Red Square uye St. Basil's Cathedral. Inosanganisira dzimbahwe shanu, shongwe, madziro uye mana machedhedral. Mushure mekudonha kwemambo, hurumende yeSoviet yakatama kubva kuPetrograd ichienda kuMoscow muna 1918. Lenin aigara pano munguva yake, gare gare Stalin, Khruschev nevamwe vatongi.

Kana iwe ukaita kushanya ivo vanokuudza iwe kuti shongwe nemadziro eKremlin zvakavakwa muzana ramakore regumi nemashanu nemasters eItaly. Nhasi shongwe refu kwazvo ndeye 80 metres.

Pakati peKremlin iCathedral Square, iine machedhedral matatu ekare uye naka dzakanaka dzegoridhe. Kune machechi maviri madiki nebhero tower, iyo Bell tower yaIvan the Grande 81 metres kumusoro uye kubva muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kune zvekare mamwe madzimbahwe, Armory neArsenal kubva panguva yaPeter Mukuru.

Iyo nguva yemakomunisti yakasiya Lenin Mausoleum, dinosaur yecommunism yausingakwanise kufuratira. Pano pazorora iyo mutumbi wakaomeswa wemutungamiriri weSoviet kubvira 1924. Kunze kwekusara kushoma, semuenzaniso, hondo, yakagara iriko ichiratidzwa. Iyo mausoleum inogadzirwa negranite uye yakagadzirirwa naAleksey Shchusev. Mamirioni avanhu akashanyira ino saiti mukati mezana ramakumi maviri uye kushanya kunoenderera.

Kwenguva yakati Stalin aive padhuze nepadhuze neumwe, iwo makuva maviri, asi nhasi raStalin rinogara muNecropolis yeKremlin Wall. Iyo poindi ndeyekuti Unogona kushanyira Lenus's Mausoleum Chipiri, Chitatu, China, Mugovera neSvondo kubva 10am kusvika 1 pm. Kune vanhu vanogara vakamirira saka iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kumirira mumutsetse. Kupinda kuri mahara uye mapurisa anochengetedza kuti hautore mavhidhiyo kana mifananidzo, kana kutaura kana kupfeka ngowani. Pfungwa ndeye kuratidza rukudzo.

MuRed Square mune zvakare chitoro chebazi chinonzi GUM. Iine matavi akati wandei munyika, kwayakatangira yakadzokera kunguva yeiyo tsars, asi imba yeMoscow ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa. Zviripachena kuvhurwa kwenyika muma '90s kwakanyatso shandura chimiro chechitoro uye nhasi chaicho chiri nzvimbo yekutenga. Pedyo pane imwe kunotenga diki, TsUM. GUM yakakodzera kushanyirwa here? Ehe.

Iyo yekunze facade ingangoita 800 metres kureba uye iri chivakwa chakare chakare. Iyo ine trapezoidal chimiro uye yakawanda simbi negirazi, kunyanya padenga. Iyo ine yakajeka maitiro eiyo 14th century njanji chiteshi. Denga rakavezwa rine dhayamita yemamita gumi nemana, semuenzaniso, uye pane façade kune Finnish granite, marble uye limestone, arches nemigwagwa. Kuvakwa kwaro kwakarairwa naCatherine Catherine kune mugadziri weItaly uye munguva dzeSoviet yaigara zvitoro chiuru nemazana maviri, zviri pachena kuti zvakasimudzwa

Stalin akachinja chivakwa kuita mahofisi, muchidimbu, uye kunyangwe pano mutumbi wemukadzi waStaliya waive uchiratidzwa mushure mekuzviuraya kusinganzwisisike. Nhasi iyo GUM yakavanzika. Yayo diki vhezheni, ine yakafanana runako uye nhoroondo, ndiyo TSUM, padhuze neBolshoi Theatre.

Kune rimwe divi kune zvekare State Museum yeNhoroondo, iri pakati peRed Square neManege Square. Kune ese marudzi ese ezvinhu muzvivakwa yakavambwa muna 1872. Iine gumi neimwe showroom uye iyo tikiti inodhura mazana mana ema ruble pamunhu mukuru. Kune maodhiodhi eodhiyo, ezvinyorwa zvakasiyana uye nemitengo yakasiyana.

Pakupedzisira, pamwe iwe unomira pamberi pechiumbwa. Zvifananidzo uye zvakavezwa ensembles zvakakosha kune nhoroondo yenyika uye mune ino kesi uchaona iyo chivezwa pamberi peSaint Basil's Cathedral. Inomiririra Muchinda Dmitry Pozharsky naKuzma Minin, nhengo dzekuzvipira dzeuto reRussia rakadzinga maPolish - maLithuania mauto kubva kuMoscow muna 1612. Yakaiswa imomo mukurangarira makore mazana maviri echiitiko chenhoroondo uye chakagadzirwa nendarira.

Kuziva zvese izvi wagadzirira kumira pakati peRed Square uchiziva zvishoma zvishoma zvinoonekwa nemaziso ako.