Imwe yenzizi dzakakurumbira pasi pano pasina mubvunzo ndiyo Rwizi rweNile. Usandiudze haina halo hombe ye chakavanzika, mashiripiti, iyo isina kukomberedzwa naka naka, mireniyamu nyaya. Uyu ndiNire, rwizi rune zita rinongomutsa kuda kuziva.
Zvingave here kuti anogara akabatana nevaIjipita pamwe nebudiriro yavo? Zvingave izvo here kuti isu titi zita rayo nemifananidzo zvinoratidzika senzira yayo yekumira, yebrown, yakakomberedzwa nejecha regoridhe netemberi dzinotaura nezvevamwe vamwari? Zvinogona kudaro, asi nhasi tinofanirwa kuenda zvakadzika uye kudzidza zvishoma nezve izvi rwizi rukuru rweafrika.
Rwizi rweNile
Ndirwo rwizi rukuru muAfrica y kuyambuka nyika gumi kubva kondinendi kusvika yadira mukati yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweMediterranean Sea. Iri mune yayo huru uye yakapfuma delta iyo Cairo neAlexandria inonyepa. Rwizi rweNile zviyero 6.853 XNUMX makiromita uye saka, kuseri kweAmazon, rwizi rwechipiri rwakareba kupfuura rwese panyika.
Kubva pakutsvaga kwakasiyana Nyanza Victoria inoita sosiye yayo yekutanga, asi zvakafanira kuti uzive kuti nyanza ine nzizi dzinoverengeka dzinoverengeka dzakakura. Pakati pavo, rwizi Kagera ndirwo runonyanya kukosha. Pane kupokana kwakatenderedza nyaya iyi, rwizi urwu kana imwe, saka hurukuro inoramba yakavhurika.
Ichokwadi ndechekuti kunyangwe kuziva kwayakatangira kuri kunetsa, kutevera gwara rayo hakunetsi zvakanyanya kana zvangoita chimiro. Inosiya Lake Victoria kuRipon Falls kuUganda uye inova Victoria Nile kwemakiromita zana nemakumi matatu kusvikira yasvika kuLake Kyoga. Chikamu chekupedzisira cherwizi, chingangoita makiromita mazana maviri, chinotanga kumahombekombe ekumadokero kwegungwa, chichiyerera kumadokero zvakare, chichiita kutendeuka kukuru kuchamhembe gare gare kuti chisvike pakuwa kweKaruma.
Kubva ipapo unoyambuka Murchison Falls, unosvika muLake Albert woita delta. Mushure mekubva munyanza rwizi runoyambuka Uganda uye inozivikanwa se Nile Albert. Saka inosvika kumaodzanyemba kweSudan, inosangana neRwizi rweAkwa uye inoshandura zita rayo uye kupenda kakati wandei nekuda kwevhu rakamiswa mumvura dzaro. Muchokwadi inozivikanwa se White Nile Kune izvi. Nekudaro, anopinda muSudan osangana ne Bhuruu Nile.
Kupfuura neSudan nzira yerwizi inoda kuziva, ine mapopoma matanhatu uye nzira yakakamurwa kudzamara yapinda muLake Nasser, kunyanya yatove pasi pemureza weEjipitori. Iri pano, kupfuura iyo Aswan dhamu, pamuganhu wekuchamhembe kwedziva iri, iyo Rwizi runodzokera kunzira yaro yenhoroondo, yakatsauswa nedhamhu rimwe chete. Chekupedzisira, iri kuchamhembe kweCairo iyo yakakamurwa kuita matavi maviri anoyerera achipinda muGungwa reMediterranean. Rosetta Branch iri kumadokero uye Damietta Branch, kumabvazuva, inoumba Nile Delta.
Kupfupisa, iyo Nile inoumba makosi matatu makuru: iyo Blue Nile, iyo Atbara uye iyo White Nile. Zita iro pacharo, Nile, rinobva muchiGiriki Neilos kana chiLatin Nilus, inotendwa kuva nemudzi weSemite unoreva mupata kana rwizi rwizi. Kwenguva yakareba chokwadi chekuti rwizi, kusiyana nedzimwe nzizi, runoyerera kubva kumaodzanyemba kuenda kuchamhembe uye mafashama munguva inopisa yegore chaive chakavanzika kwemazana emakore mazhinji, asi izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakabvumidza kuvandudzwa kwemataundi.
Rwizi rwaNire uye nhoroondo
Mushure mekujekesa idzi dhata nezve Rwizi rweNile, chokwadi ndechekuti mweya weEgipita, kunyanya kubva kuIjipiti yekare. Iyo yakatemwa, yakatungamira, hupenyu hwenyika idzi kubva kuDombo Age. Zviripachena, neshanduko nyika yedu yakaitika nekufamba kwenguva.
Kune budiriro yeEjipitori yanga ichikosha. Rwizi runopfuura mahombekombe arwo kaviri pagore uye rinoisa matombo ipapo anoita kuti riorere kwazvo. Pano vaIjipita vekare vairima gorosi, nhokwe nedzimwe mbeu yakakosha mukusimudzira kwevanhu vakatarisana nenzara. Zvakare, rwizi rwaive kutaurirana nekutengesa chiteshi pamwe nevamwe vanhu, izvo pane imwe nguva zvakakonzera kugadzikana kwehupfumi izvo zvaive zvinobatsirawo mukukura kwevanhu.
Kunze kwezvokudya, zvekutengeserana nekutaurirana, rwizi Nile rwakanga rwakakosha mumweya kuvaEgipita. Farao, zvaitendwa, zvinodzorwa, pamwe naHapis, mafashama. Uyezve, rwizi rwakanga rwuri nzira pakati pehupenyu nehupenyu mushure mekufa. Kumabvazuva kwaive nenzvimbo yekuzvarwa nekukura uye kumadokero kwaive nerufu.
Makuva ose ari, ipapo, kumadokero kweNire. karenda rekare revaIjipita rakanga rakavakirwa pamatanho matatu erwizi, mwaka wega wega nemwedzi mina, zvine chekuita nekufumiswa kwenyika, kudyara nekukohwa.
Ndezvipi mhuka uye zvinomera zvipi zvinogara murwizi rwaNire? Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo, madiridziro uye huwandu hwemvura inonaya. Kune inonaya mvura pane rwizi mune dzimwe nzvimbo, uye izvo pamwe nekupisa kunogadzira masango akaomarara nawo dzakasiyana siyana miti inopisa uye zvirimwa zvakadai semabhanana, ebonies, bamboo, kana kofi bushes. Kune mamwe zvakare savanna ane akajeka uye akawandisa masango, ane miti iri pakati nepakati nehuswa hune miti isingaperi.
MuSudan kunonaya yakawanda uye kune nyika dzinofashama saka ndipo pane iyo papyri, yakareba bamboo, mvura hyacinths… Kuenderera mberi kuchamhembe kunonaya kushoma uyezve huswa hahuperi uye pane imwe nguva gwenga rinoberekwa, nehuswa hunofa mushure memvura. Muchiitiko cheEjipitori, zvinomera zviri pedyo neNairi ndizvo zvingangove mhedzisiro yekudiridza nekurima.
Nezve mhuka dzeNire kune marudzi mazhinji ehove mukati merwizi system: hove, catfish, tiger hove. Chokwadi ndechekuti hove zhinji dzenzizi ndidzo dzinotama asi kubva pakavakwa dhamu reAswan dzakatsakatika kana kudzikira.
Uyewo kune makarwe, munzvimbo zhinji dzeNire, kunyangwe hazvo vasina kusvika kumakungwa ekuchamhembe kweNairi. Pakati pezvimwe zvinokambaira pane hovi, madzvinyu uye dzinosvika makumi matatu marudzi e nyoka, hafu muchetura. Mvuu? Kamwe huwandu hwayo hwaive hwakawanda murwizi rwese asi nhasi unongowanikwa kumaodzanyemba.
Geography, nhoroondo, mhuka, maruva. Rwizi runobata zvese izvi uyezve, rwizi rwunokanganiswa nezvinhu izvi futi. Munhu, muchokwadi, akagadzira pamwe shanduko hurusa yeRwizi rweNile munhoroondo yayo: iyo Aswan Dam. Dhamu rakapedzwa muna 1970, Yakareba mamita mazana maviri nemakumi matatu ine nzvimbo yemamita angangoita mana uye vhoriyamu inopfuura mamirioni makumi mana emamiriyoni emamita. Lake Nasser idura rayo rine 44 mabhiriyoni emamita emagetsi emagetsi.
Kuvakwa kwaro kwaida iyo Re nzvimbo yetembere yekare ya Abu Simbel, pakurwadziwa kwekuve uri pasi pemvura nekusingaperi. Zvakare mataundi mazhinji aifanira kutamiswa, zvese muEgypt neSudan. Nekuvaka uku, kekutanga munhoroondo, maIjipita vakakwanisa kudzora kukwira kwerwizi nekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemvura yaro.
Sezvauri kuona, rwizi Nile ipfuma ye Africa. Paunoenda kuEgypt, usakanganwa kutora nzvimbo yekushanya kuburikidza nayo, mune echinyakare magwa kana pane cruise. Tarisa nyeredzi kubva murwizi rwaNire, tarisa kumahombekombe, tembere, zuva mudenga. Inzwa kwekanguva, mumoyo wenyaya.