Paris Iyo ine rondedzero yenzvimbo dzausingakwanise kupotsa uye imomo chivakwa chinokatyamadza icho chinotonga yakafara Parisian boulevards: iyo Arch yekukunda. Chokwadi wakazviona zvisingaverengeki mumifananidzo nemamuvhi, asi wakazvishanyira here?
Haisi nguva inokwezva sevamwe muParis, saka unogona kuigadzira mangwanani kana masikati, maawa mashoma, kuona kukuru, mufananidzo wakanaka uye voila, unogona kuyambuka Arc de Triomphe kubva pane yako runyorwa nzvimbo dzekusangana muParis.
Arch yekukunda
Haisiriyo yega arch yekukunda iyo yakavakwa munhoroondo nekuti muchokwadi rudzi urwu rwechivakwa rwakatove rwakakurumbira munguva dzevaRoma. Muchokwadi, kune ivo kuti isu tine chikwereti chetsika yekumisikidza aya maberere kune kurangarira kukunda kwemauto. Haisi chikamu, kazhinji, chemadziro kana mamwe magedhi eguta, asi inomira yega uye yakazvimiririra, zvakasiyana.
Ndinoreva kwaive nemabara ekukunda akavakwa munguva dzevaRoma uyezve mamwe akavakwa munguva dzakazotevera. Vakanga vaine kudzokera kumafashoni muRenaissance yaive iyo iyo kufarira muAntiquity kwakazvarwa patsva nesimba. Ipapo, madzimambo akasiyana eEurope akavaka matavi ekukunda samadzimambo ekare. MuGerman, United Kingdom, Russia uye kunyangwe kuSpain nekunze kweEurope muUnited States uye uzvitende kana kwete, kuNorth Korea.
Asi pasina kupokana, kunyange hachisi chikuru, iyo Arc de Triomphe muParis ndiyo inozivikanwa pasi rosekana. Uye iyo Paris iri… hazvo, Paris, inobatsira zvikuru. Uta uhu Yakavakwa pakati pe1806 na1836 pamirairo yaBonaparte. Kukundai kwemauto kwainorangarira? Hondo yeAusterlitz, Hondo yeMadzimambo matatu sekuzivikanwa kwayo, yakaitika muna Zvita 1805 umo mauto aMambo Napoleon I akakunda mauto akabatana aTsar Alexander I naMambo weAustria Francis I.
Kunyangwe pfungwa yaNapoleon Bonaparte yaive yekuivaka muPeace de la Bastille, nzvimbo yekufananidzira kana paine chero dzakatenderedza apa uye iyo panguva iyoyo yaive nzira yaiteerwa nemauto achidzoka kubva kuhondo, yaigona kunge isipo uye yakasimudzwa mu Nyeredzi Square Nzvimbo ye l'Etoile.
Pakutanga kwechinyorwa ini ndakati iyo arch yakatonga netiweki yeParis ma boulevards uye ndizvo. Iyi nyowani yemaguta dhizaini iyo pamwe yakatsvaira medieval Paris ine siginecha yaHaussman, baron uyo panguva iyoyo aishanda muguta uye kune iyo dhizaini-yakaita dhizaini chikwereti kwaari.
Hapana chinhu netsaona. Pfungwa iri seri kwenzira dzakapamhamha dzinotangira kubva padiki diki ndeyekuti dhizaini iyi inodzivirira kana kudzivirira zvipingamupinyi uye inobvumira mauto akapfuura nyore. Nhasi, kubva kuPaza de la Estrella iyo Avenue yeGreat Armada, iyo Avenue yeWagram, iyo Avenue Kleber uye inozivikanwa kupfuura dzose, iyo yeChamps Elysees kana Champs Ellysees inotanga.
Iyo Arc de Triomphe yakagadzirirwa naJean Chalgrin, kunyangwe akafa muna 1811 uye anofanira kunge akapedzwa na Jean-Nicolas Huyot akafa zvakare makore mana mushure mekukomborerwa arch yakavhurwa. Huyot akafuridzirwa neArch yaTitus muRome uye akagadzira shongwe ye Kukwirira kwemamita makumi mana nemasere nemakumi mashanu nemashanu nembiru huru ina.
Kunze kweiyo arch iwe uchaona kukunda kwemauto kwaNapoleon kwakanyorwa uye padivi remukati pane mazita mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu neshanu anoenderana nevakuru vehumambo hweFrance. Vakatemerwa ndeavo vakafa mumutsetse webasa.
Pane imwe neimwe yeshongwe pane chifananidzo uye kune zvakare mafirizi, mabasa anotakura siginecha yevanyori Corot, Etex naPradier. Icho chifananidzo chakatanhamara pane zvese ndecheicho chine siginecha yemudiwa Francois Rude, La Marseillaise. Kune mapoka mana ekuveza eiyo arch, pamakamuri ayo: Kukunda kwaNapoleon, Kurume kweVazvipiri, Kutora kweAlexandria uye Hondo yeAusterlitz. Yechipiri inowanzozonzi La Marseillaise.
Pano zvakare kune Guva reSauto Isingazivikanwe yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga uyezve murazvo usingaperi unoramba wakabatidzwa uyo unorangarira nekusingaperi avo vakapa hupenyu hwavo kuNyika. Murazvo uye ndiro yaro yakatenderera yendarira yakashongedzwa nemipendero yemapfumo ibasa remugadziri weHenru Favier, uye mwenje wekutanga wemitambo wakaitwa munaNovember 11, 1923 neruoko rwaMaginot, wezvematongerwo enyika weFrance kuseri kweMaginot Line inozivikanwa, inodzivirira network yaive kukundikana muWWII.
Asi chakanyanya kukosha ndechekuti kubvira ipapo murazvo unomutswazve nehafu yapfuura yechitanhatu masikati zuva rega rega, nguva dzose nemumiriri weimwe yemasangano mazana mapfumbamwe evaimbove varwi, vakaungana mune yakasarudzika musangano weiyo arc. Uye zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti kunyangwe munguva dzehutongi hweNazi murazvo hauna kudzimwa uye kuti pane chiitiko chepamutemo musi waNovember 11, inova ndiyo nguva yekuFrance kuyeuka kupera kweHondo yekutanga.
Makore mapfumbamwe apfuura, mu2018, iyo mabasa ekudzoreredza yeiyo arch kubvira chimiro chose, asi kunyanya zvirerutsiro, zvaive zvakasviba kwazvo. Uye zvakare, iyo yekurapa-yekudzora mvura yainge yatove nemakumi maviri emakore, saka zvaive zvakakosha kuchenesa, kudzoreredza zviyero uyezve kuzonyorera imwe nyowani inodzosera mvura.
Kubva 2008 kune mukati meiyo arch miziyamu ine yekuratidzira kusingaperi kwemultimedia. Inodaidzwa Pakati pehondo nerunyararo uye inotora nzendo kuburikidza nenhoroondo yechiyeuchidzo uye maberere sezvirangaridzo. Chinhu chakanaka ndechekuti mukuwedzera kune miziyamu uye murazvo usingaperi wemasoja asingazivikanwe unogona kukwira padenga uye unakirwe nemaonero anoshamisa eChamps-Elysées, Place de la Concorde, iyo Arch yeDziviriro uye iyo Louvre Museum.
Kune zvakare chitoro chezvipo uye kana iwe wakatenga iyo Paris Museum Pass unogona kuishandisa.
Ruzivo runoshanda kushanyira Arc de Triomphe
- Nguva dzekuvhura: kubva Kubvumbi 1 kusvika Gunyana 1 yakavhurwa kubva 10am kusvika 11 pm; kubva Gumiguru 31 kusvika Kurume 31 zvinoita saizvozvo kusvika 10:30 pm. Iyo inovhara muna Ndira 1, Chivabvu 1, Chivabvu 8 mangwanani, Chikunguru 14 naNovember 11 mangwanani zvakare uye Gumiguru 25.
- Mutengo: 12 euros uye 9 nemutengo wakadzikiswa.Svondo yekutanga yemwedzi kubvumirwa mahara, kubva munaNovember 1 kusvika Kurume 31. Kana iwe uri mugari weEuropean pasi pemakore makumi maviri nematanhatu ekuberekwa kana mudzidzisi wepuraimari kana wechipiri futi. Unogona kubhadhara nemari kana nekadhi rechikwereti.