Kana iwe uchida zvivakwa pane zvakawanda zvivakwa uye zvivakwa zvinokodzera kuzivikanwa iwe pachako. Putugaro ane, semuenzaniso, akawanda akakosha zvivakwa, uye pakati peanonyanya kuzivikanwa pane izvo zvinonzi Bherem shongwe.
Iyi shongwe yekare iri pane runyorwa rwe Nhaka Yenyika kubvira 1983. Pakutanga yaive nemabasa ehondo uye iri lisbon, guta guru rePortugal, saka kana iwe ukashanyira iro guta, ive shuwa kuti uribatanidze parwendo rwako mushure mekuverenga ino yakazara chinyorwa nezvayo.
Iyo Shongwe yeBelém
Sezvatakataura pamusoro, iko kuvakwa kwemauto ekutanga aripo munharaunda yeSanta María de Belém, chikamu cheLisbon chine mapindu akazara nemapaki eruzhinji uye mamuseum mazhinji. Mumakiromita angangoita mana emakiromita epamusoro mune dzimba dzemamongi, dzimba dzemamongi, dzimba dzemamonari, machechi uye matongo kuitira kuti usakwanise kuzvikanganwa.
Shongwe kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1516 apo Portugal yaitongwa naManuel I. Yaive chikamu chehurongwa hwekudzivirira hukuru umo Fort yeSan Sebastián de Caparica uye nhare yeCascais vakapindawo, vese vari pedyo neRwizi rweTagus. Basa rayo raive chaizvo kudzivirira kubva kuvapambi vanogona kuuya nemumvura.
Mabasa eshongwe akatungamirwa nenyanzvi yekudzivirira ekuvaka kwemauto, Francisco de Arruda, mugadziri uye muvezi wemhuri yakanaka kwazvo yevavaki, uye Diogo de Boitaca, dhizaini uye injinjini. Pamwe chete vakashanda kusvikira shongwe yakapedzwa muna 1520.
Iyo shongwe ine yekumabvazuva uye yeIslam maitiro kunyangwe iyo Manueline maitiro ndiyo inoratidzira zvakanyanya. Maitiro aya akajairika munyika uye akavandudzwa nekutonga kwaManuel I wePortugal. Zvingave, sekutaura kwenyanzvi, mutsauko wechiPutukezi weEuropean Gothic, uye neiyi dhizaini Torre de Belém inogumisa shongwe dzechinyakare dzemutero, zvakanaka medieval.
Iyo shongwe yakanaka kunze, dombo rose, nekuti ine makamuri akavhurika, tower yakaumbwa senhovo, dzimwe nharirire, mukati mozarabic maitiro, akavezwa tambo pane iyo façade uye zvakasikwa zvinhu pakati payo panomira chimiro chechipembere chemu Africa nevamwe vanobva kumakoroni matsva emhiri kwemakungwa. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti chipembere chekutanga chakasvika munyika muna 1513 chichibva kuIndia.
Mukati meshongwe mune yakajeka Gothic maitiro. Ukangopinda iwe pane gumi nematanhatu makoronyera uye nehurongwa hwemakomba umo maisungwa vasungwa kana makomba. Iyo inogona kuoneka seinoumbwa nezvinhu zviviri: iyo shongwe pachayo uye iyo bastion. Iyo shongwe ine quadrangular uye iine mamwe ma medieval airs, ine nhurikidzwa shanu uye muchikamu chepamusoro chakashongedzwa nekorona. Masitepisi akatetepa anotenderera anobatanidza ese matanho uye rimwe nerimwe rine zita, kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro: Kamuri raGavhuna, Kamuri reMadzimambo, Kamuri revateereri, Chapel neTerrace.
La Kamuri yaGavhuna Iyo ine yakafukidzwa lime lime padenga uye kuburikidza nayo iwe unokwanisa kuwana iwo anotarisa. Iyo Horo yeMadzimambo ine nzvimbo yemoto yakashongedzwa, musuwo wekumaodzanyemba-wakatarisana nebhokisi, uye siringi yegirosa. Iyo Dare redzimhosva inotarisa tarisiro yeiyo bastion uye ine mawindo maviri ane balustraded apo iyo Chapel Yaimbove neimba yekutaura neChipiyaniso chaKristu uye nehovhosi rehumambo.
Chekupedzisira, pahuriri hwechishanu pane materu kubva mauri unoyevedza kuona kweRwizi rweTagus nenzvimbo yayo yese pamwe nezvimwe zvivakwa muguta senge Monument to the Discoveries kana Monarony yeJerónimos uye chapel.
Mumakore aro ese mazana mashanu enhoroondo, iyo shongwe yakave nemabasa akasiyana. Iwo makoni anga ari ekuzvidzivirira, gumi nematanhatu mazoni akazara, ese achimhanya, uye mutsetse wechipiri wemoto wanga uri pamupendero pamwe neshongwe dzayo. Ichokwadi ndechekuti kunyangwe paine dziviriro yayo yekutanga mukati memazana mashanu emakore emakore enhoroondo yave iine mamwe mabasa uye zvave, semuenzaniso, jeri uye nhumbi dzezvombo. Raive jeri pakati pa1580 na1640 uye paive nevazhinji vasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika.
Iyo Torre de Belém, kuvakwa kwayo, yakaumbwa neZera reKutora saizvozvo zvakare kubva pano mafambiro mazhinji ePortugal abva kuAmerica, India, Asia neAfrica. A) Ehe, mucherechedzo weguta uye zvimwe zvezvivezwa zvake zvinomuyeuchidza nezvazvo, semuenzaniso izvo zvaSan Vicente, musande anodzivirira weLisbon. Iyo zvakare ine chifananidzo chevachengeti vevatsvene vekufamba uye chipembere chinonzi chakashanda sekurudziro kunaDürer mune rake basa pamhuka.
Chipembere chakauya kubva kuIndia sechipo kubva kuna gavhuna wePortugal India kuna mambo. Akatsika munyika muna 1515 uye aive chipembere chekutanga muEurope mukati memakore anopfuura chiuru. Yaive yakakurumbira uye ndosaka yakaverengerwa mumashongedzo eshongwe uye ndosaka Dürer akagadzirawo huni hwake.
Iyo shongwe ine anopfuura makore mashanu emakore enhoroondo saka panguva ino inofanirwa kana iwe uri muLisbon. Pano tinokusiya ruzivo runoshanda rwekushanya:
- Nzvimbo: Torre de Belém, 2715 - 311, pamhenderekedzo, kumadokero kweguta.
- Kusvika sei: unogona kutora tramu 15 kana mabhazi akasiyana (27, 28, 29, 43, 49, 51 kana 112. Zvakare chitima, Cascáis mutsetse, uchidzika kuBelem.
- Purogiramu: pakati paGumiguru naApril inovhura kubva 10am kusvika 5:30 pm. Kubva Chivabvu kusvika Nyamavhuvhu zvinodaro kubva 10am kusvika 6:30 pm. Yakavharwa Muvhuro wega wega, Ndira 1, Svondo yePasika, Chivabvu 1 uye Kisimusi.
- Mutengo: Kupinda kunodhura maeuro matanhatu pamunhu mukuru asi kana iwe ukabhadhara maeuro gumi nemaviri une tikiti rakabatanidzwa rinokutenderawo kuti ushanyire Monastery yeJerónimos. Kana iwe ukabhadhara 6 euros iwe unogona kuwedzera iyo Ajuda muzinda. Ivo vanopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu vanobhadhara hafu uye avo vari pasi pegumi nemaviri vanobvumirwa mahara. Kana iwe uine iyo Lisbon Kadhi yakasunungukawo.