Chimwe chezvishamiso zvenhoroondo yedu ndeye Yakakura madziro china. Iwo muenzaniso wezvinogona kuita huchenjeri uye kutsungirira kwevanhu, uye kana ukaenda parwendo kuenda kuChina, ndechimwe chepfuma yausingakwanise kupotsa.
Asi, ndiani akavaka rusvingo rwechina? Rini uye nei?
Yakakura madziro china
Kupfuura rusvingo rumwe, Great Wall yeChina Iri nhevedzano yenhare dzakavakwa pamwe nemiganhu yekuchamhembe kweChina yekare kuti vazvidzivirire kubva kumapoka evanotama kubva kuEurasian steppe.
VaChina vakanga vava kutovaka masvingo nenhare kuti vadzivirire nzvimbo dzavo, nguva dzose vachifunga nezvemauto kana mapoka ane minondo nouta, saka masvingo ekare iwayo akavakwa nematombo nevhu. Ipapo China yakakamurwa kuita nyika dzakasiyana dzairwisana uye kuti zvakaitika sei kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika pane nguva dzose anokunda uye kubatanidza, uye munyaya yeChina mambo wekutanga aive wedzinza reQin muna 221 BC
Akarayira kuti zvidziviriro zvose izvozvo zviparadzwe, sezvo pfungwa yacho yakanga iri yokuva nenyika yakabatana, asi akachengetwa uye akarayira kuvaka mamwe kuchamhembe, nokuti kubva ipapo kwakabuda njodzi yokunze. Kutakura zvinhu kwakanga kusiri nyore, saka vashandi vaigara vachiedza kubata zvinhu zvacho in. Hapana ruzivo rwakasara kusvika nhasi pakureba chaiko kwezvivakwa zvekudzivirira izvi, asi chaive chisiri chinhu chegore kana mazuva, asi mazana emakore ebasa rechigarire.
Kuvakwa kwacho hakuna kuchengetwa mukati mehurumende yeQin Dynasty asi panzvimbo akaenda mberi uye madzimambo eHan naSui dynasties akaenderera mberi nemabasa. Mamwe madzimambo akaita seTang kana Rwiyo haana kutsaurira zvakawanda, asi mamwe madzishe ehurumende akaita, maererano nemamiriro avo chaiwo, saka tinoona masvingo kunyange muInner Mongolia.
aifanira kunge asvika Ming Dynasty, muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, kuitira kuti pfungwa yemadziro makuru uye akakura ekudzivirira awanezve simba. MaMongolia akahwanda uye zvakanga zvakaoma kuvadzora saizvozvo masvingo akasimuka zvakare munzvimbo dzokumusoro uye yakatevera nhoroondo yeOrdos Desert, inodzorwa nemaMongol. Asi madziro aya akanga akasiyana, akasimba uye ane unyanzvi nokuti zvidhinha nematombo zvaishandiswa pachinzvimbo chevhu.
Mukuwedzera, shongwe dzinenge zviuru makumi maviri neshanu dzakasimuka, asi sezvo maMongolia aive akaoma kwazvo kudzora rusvingo rwaigara rwakachengetwa, ruchivakwazve, rwakasimbiswa. Somuenzaniso, zvikamu zviri pedyo neguta guru, Beijing, ndezvimwe zvakasimba zvikuru. Mambo mumwe nomumwe aive nemugove wake uye nokudaro, Ming aifanira kutarisana kwete nemaMongolia asi Manchu kupinda muzana remakore rechiXNUMX.
Asi kana iwe uchiziva chero chinhu nezvenhoroondo yeChinese, iyo Manchus inofanirwa kunge yakajairwa kwauri, saka hongu, rimwe zuva rakanaka vapambi vakakwanisa kuyambuka Great Wall yeChina uye. Beijing yakawira mugore ra1644. Mubatanidzwa wakasainwa asi pakupedzisira Manchus akagumisa dzinza reShun uye izvo zvakasara zveMing uye. yakabatanidza Qing Dynasty muChina yose. Pasi peumambo uhwu, China yakakura uye yakapenya, Mongolia yakabatanidzwa kune nharaunda dzayo, saka kuchengetedzwa kweGreat Wall yeChina kwakanga kusingachadiwi.
China inyika pachayo, maChinese haana kumbobvira aita hanya nenyika yese kunze kwekutengesa. Nokudaro, vaEurope vakanga vasina kunzwa zvakawanda pamusoro pechishamiso cheRusvingo Rukuru kana kuti kana vakanga vanzwa, vakanga vasina kuchiona. Kunyange Marco Polo. Asi chokwadi, hazvina basa kuti China inoda chii, asi kukara kweEurope, saka pakupedzisira maChinese aifanira kuvhura nyika yavo (mushure mehondo mbiri dzeOpium kurwisa Great Britain neFrance), uye ipapo, hongu, iyo Great Wall yaive iyo. protagonist.
Muchidimbu, zvinogona kutaurwa izvozvo The Great Wall of China inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakati zvakavakwa nemadzimambo akasiyana-siyana anosanganisira masvingo, shongwe, ramps, zvivakwa zvega, uye matanho. Saka, zvinonzi kune madziro maviri akajeka akajeka: Han Great Wall uye Ming Great Wall, zvikamu zvaro zvinoramba zvichiwanikwa.
Kana ukaenda kuChina chikamu chiri pedyo neBeijing ndicho chinonyanya kufarirwa uye mumamiriro ari nani. Muchokwadi, unogona kusvika ikoko ne metro. Gare gare, sezvaunopinda mukati-kati menyika, unogona kusvika kuzoona zvikamu zvekare, zvisinganyanyi kuchengetwa, ari matongo, anodyiwa nezvinomera, uye kune kunyange mamwe mativi akaparadzwa. 22% yemadziro eMing, semuenzaniso, yakarasika zvachose, nepo zvichifungidzirwa kuti makiromita mazhinji edunhu reGansu acharasika mune ramangwana nekuda kwekukukurwa.
Shanyira Great Wall yeChina
Saka, zviri pachena kwatiri kuti Rusvingo Rukuru harisi rusvingo rumwe uye rwakakura asi zvikamu zvakasiyana zvezvivakwa. Yakapararira mumatunhu gumi nematanhatu, maguta nematunhu autonomous seInner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, Liaoning, Beijing, Ningxia, Tianjin nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda.
Tichifunga ipapo nzvimbo, nzvimbo, kutakura uye nzvimbo dzevashanyi tinogona kutaura izvozvo kune zvikamu zvinomwe zveGreat Wall yeChina zvinonyanya kufarirwa kushanyira:
- Mutianyu: Ichikamu chakadzorerwa, chine nzvimbo dzakanaka, isina kunyanya kuoma kufamba, ine vanhu vashoma. Iine mota yetambo uye iri makiromita makumi manomwe nemana kubva pakati.
- jianshanling: hafu yemusango, hafu yakadzorerwa. Nzvimbo dzakanaka, dzakaoma zvishoma kufamba, dzine vanhu vashoma, nemotokari yetambo uye 154 km kubva muguta.
- Simatai: Icho chikamu chemusango, chisina vashanyi, 140 km kubva pakati.
- jiankou: Isango, iri 72 km kubva pakati, haina tambo yetambo.
- huanghuacheng: hafu yakadzorerwa / hafu yakaoma. Iri makiromita makumi masere kubva pakati, haina tambo yetambo.
- Gubeiko: yakashata, isina kudzoreredza kunooneka. Nzvimbo dzakanaka, 144 km kubva pakati, pasina cableway.
- juyongguan: chikamu ichi chakadzorerwa, pane nguva dzose vashanyi. Iri makiromita makumi mashanu nenhanhatu kubva pakati uye ine mota yetambo.
- badaling: Yakadzorerwa, inogara yakazara vanhu, 75 km kubva pakati. With cableway.
Kana uchifamba nevana, kazhinji, chikamu chakanaka ndecheMutianyu. Kufamba kwacho kwakanaka, asi kana iwe wakashinga nezvekufamba saka unogona kusarudza akati wandei emadziro emadziro kuJinshaling, Simatai neGubebou. Ndiri kutaura nezvekufamba kwezuva rimwe kana maviri. Uye kana iwe uchitoziva chimwe chinhu nezveGreat Wall, zvakanaka, chikamu muHuanghuacheng chinoyevedza, chine chikamu chinotarisa kunze kwegungwa, semuenzaniso.
Pakupedzisira, imwe ratidziro yekuti ndeapi zvikamu zveGreat Wall yeChina kushanyira:
- The best recovery: Mutianyu
- Yakanyanya kunaka: Jinshanling.
- Akanyanya kusimba pane ese: Jiankou
Uye ivo vanoteverwa naSimatai, Huanghuacheng, Gubeiko, Juyongguan, Huangyaguan, Shanhaiguan uye inonyanya kufarirwa kune vese, Badaling.