Munyika umo tsika inowanzo kuve ichiwedzera pasirese, tsika nemagariro yenyika yega yega vanodzivisa semoyo wevanhu. Uye kana iro guta riine nzvimbo yakakura yekuwedzera, tsika yaro inogona kuve yakapfuma, dzakasiyana, dzakasiyana. Ndiyo nyaya ye Russia
Nhasi tichataura nezvazvo Russian echinyakare koshitomu. Sutu ine mavara, ine kushongedzwa kukuru uye inogara yakagadzirwa nemaoko. Senhaka yemadzitateguru, chipfeko ichi chinoramba chichiwonekwa mumachechi, mumitambo, kumatambo ekutamba, mumafaro.
Tsika yechinyakare yeRussia
Tsika yechinyakare yeRussia yakatanga kukura seakadaro, pamwe nehunhu hwayo, kubva muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Hazvizivikanwe zvechokwadi kuti riini asi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvaive musi iwoyo kana zana zana zvisati zvaitika.
Kusvikira pakutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, varimi uye vakomana (vanokudzwa), vaipfeka zvipfeko zvechinyakare, asi muna 1700 Tsar Peter Mukuru akatanga kuunza shanduko achizvipfekedza dzimwe mbatya dzekumadokero. Pedro aifarira Europe, aiyemura, saka akatanga kurambidza kushandiswa kwezvipfeko zvechinyakare, zvirinani mumaguta eRussia.
Paive ipapo kune varimi veRussia kuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza hupfumi uye runako rwechinyakare zvipfeko zveRussia. Zvimwe zvezvimedu zvechinyakare hazvichashandiswe nhasi, asi zvimwe zvakakwanisa kurarama nekufamba kwenguva, zvichizopedzisira zvave chiratidzo.
Asi pane here inopfuura imwechete yechinyakare yeRussia koshitomu? Ehe saizvozvo. Mukutaura, isu tinogona kutaura nezve maviri, sarafan uye poneva. Iyo sarafan yakafanana un jumper yakasununguka uye yakareba yakapfekedzwa pamusoro pehembe refu yerineni yakasungwa nebhanhire. Iri bhandi ndeyechinyakare uye raipfekwa pasi pe sarafan. Iyi nguwo inotaurwa kekutanga mukati megumi nemana century uye yaipfekwa chete nevarume, chete muzana ramakore regumi nemanomwe rinoratidzika senguo yemukadzi.
Iyo sarafan yakagadzirwa nemucheka wakajeka kana yakachipa yakadhindwa donje iyo yaigadzirwa muhuwandu mumafekitori eMoscow uye Ivanovo neVladimir matunhu. Iri jira refu, rine mavara rine mapfudzi akavhurika raipfekwa pamusoro penguwo yakapfava inonzi rubakha.
Kana iyo sarafan yaidikanwa pane yakakosha chiitiko, saka iwe unogona kuwedzera silika nemabhurocha kana yakashongedzwa negoridhe nesirivheri. Iko kushandiswa kwesarafan kwakapararira kumatunhu ese ekuchamhembe kweiyo Humambo hweRussia, kuNovgorod, Pskov, Vologda neArkhangelsk.
Zvino, la poneva imhando yesiketi inowanzoshandiswa mumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba kweMoscow senge Voronezh, Tambov neTula. Ichokwadi, mukuru pane sarafan. Iyo poneva inguva yakajeka kana mitsetse siketi yakasungirirwa netambo kana yakaputirwa muhudyu, yakapfekedzwa nehembe yakasununguka ine maoko akashongedzwa uye apuroni yakashongedzwa zvakaomarara neuta uye zvishongo zvine mavara.
Kune rimwe divi isu tine iyo rubakha, hembe oversize iyo yakafanana nechinhu chepakutanga chemupfeko weRussia. Yaishandiswa nemunhu wese, varume, vakadzi, vapfumi nevarombo. Iyo jira rinogona kubva rave rakanaka kana rakachipa, sirika kana donje. Yakanga iri nguo yakasununguka uye hapana kana chimwe chakashanduka kusvika muzana ramakumi maviri.
Iko kokoshnik raive jasi rechikadzi raishongedza musoro. Zvaive zvakajairika kuti vakadzi vapfeke zvishongo zvemusoro uye zvebvudzi, uye zvinoenderana nemagariro avo vaitenderwa kuisa kuratidzwa kwezvishongo izvozvo. Vakadzi vakaroora vaifanira kuzvivhara zvachose nehembe iyi, asi vakadzi vasina kuroora vaigona kushongedza nemaruva nezvimwe zvinhu. Chinhu ichi chaigadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodhura uye chaingoonekwa kashoma pagore.
Kweupenyu hwezuva nezuva kwaingoshandiswa ngowani kana shawl yakasungirirwa inonzi povoyniki. Iyo jasi jira inonzi shuba uye yakapukunyuka mazana amakore, ichizivikanwa zvikuru munyika yose. Yakanga ichishandiswa nevarume nevakadzi, nekuti yeuka kuti Russia ine chando mamiriro ekunze. Ganda raimboshandiswa parutivi rwemukati rwehembe ukuwo kunze kune zvimwe zvakashongedzwa. Nhasi jasi racho rakareruka asi rine chinangwa chimwe chete: kudziya.
Izwi caftan Iyo inozivikanwa zviri nani nekuti ishoko rinobva kuMiddle East. Nekudaro, yakapinda zvakadzika muRussia uye rinenge chikamu chenguva yavo yemapfekero. Ijasi, yakafanana chero nejasi razvino, asi iri yakagadzirwa nemicheka inodhura uye yakashongedzwa nezvakarukwa. Sezvo Russia iri nyika hombe, machira anosiyana uye ndozvinoitawo zvishongedzo. Dzimwe nguva vane maparera akavezwa, kumaodzanyemba kune mabhatani kana shongedzo dzemakushe.
Zvino, Kubva pagumi nemana kusvika muzana regumi nemasere pane dzimwe shanduko muchipfeko chetsika dzeRussia nekuda kwehukama hwepedyo pakati peRussia neEurope. Ngatifungei kuti panguva iyoyo Italy kana France vakaburitsa makushe, sirika uye velvet nenguo dzakashongedzwa dzakatanga kutora kukosha. Semuenzaniso, munguva yaIvan anotyisa avo vakapinda muKremlin vaifanira kupfeka zvipfeko zvechinyakare senzira yekuremekedza chigaro cheumambo kana muzana ramakore regumi nemanomwe avo vaive "vekumadokero" zvakanyanya, mune zvipfeko uye magadzirirwo ebvudzi, vakarangwa.
Nekudaro, kunze kwenguva uye kunze Fashoni yekuMadokero yaive nenguva yakaoma kupinda muRussia. Sezvatakambotaura, mushure Peter Mukuru akasvika uye zvinhu zvachinja kubva paruoko rweuyu anovandudza tsika. Mhuri yeumambo yakatora nhanho yekutanga mukuchinja kwefashoni, ichipfekedza iyo Maitiro eEuropean, yakawanda yeiyo French yakakotama, ine corsets uye yakakwirira mahedhireti ayo vakadzi vakatanga kupfeka.
Zviripachena, vapfumi chete ndivo vaigona kutenga shanduko dzakadai mufashoni, saka ipapo pakanga paine mutsetse wekuparadzanisa pakati peavo vaive nesimba rehupfumi uye vaipfeka nekushanyira vekuEurope nevaya vasina uye vanofanirwa kugara nembatya dzechinyakare. Mumaguta, Moscow kana Saint Petersburg zvainyanya kuoneka.
Muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX uye XX Maitiro erococo akazara, asi nezana ramakore idzva fashoni yakareruka uye ipapo mbatya dzeRussia dzakasununguka senge sarafans dzinodiwa dzakadzokera kumhete. NeSoviet Union maitiro akareruka zvakatonyanya, asi neimwe nzira mumhemberero tsika yechinyakare yechiRussia kana zvipfeko zvakakwanisa kuchengetedzwa.