Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweentaba olunqumla uninzi lweYurophu: IiAlps. Iintaba zayo zinobungangamsha kwaye uninzi lwazo ludumile, indawo zabakhenkethi, abalinganiswa abaphambili bemizobo, amabali kunye namabali aliwaka.
Masidibane namhlanje zinjani iialps kwaye oko iindawo othandekayo unathi.
IiAlps
IiAlps bahamba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-1200 yeekhilomitha benqumla amazwe asibhozo ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma kwilizwekazi laseYurophu. Uninzi lweekhilomitha lubonakala ngathi lukhulu kodwa enyanisweni azikho kangako, kwaye bahlala kwinxalenye encinci yetyathanga elingasasebenziyo elihamba ukusuka kwiiNtaba zeAtlas eMantla eAfrika ukuya kwiiHimalaya eAsia, ukunqumla iYurophu.
IiAlps zibaleka zivela emantla, zisuka kunxweme lweMeditera kufutshane naseNice, eFrance, zisiya kwiLake Geneva kwaye ijikela empuma-mpuma mpuma ukuya eVienna. Bachukumisa iDanube apho, eVienna Woods, baze banyamalale kwithafa. Ngawaphi amazwe awela iiAlps? IFransi, i-Itali, iSwitzerland, iJamani, iOstriya, iSlovenia, iCroatia, iBosnia neHerzegovina, iMontenegro, iSerbia neAlbania. Kula mazwe yi-Austria kunye neSwitzerland kuphela enokuthi ibonwe njengamazwe aphakamileyo ngokwenyani.
IiAlps hlala malunga ne-207 lamawaka eekhilomitha ezizikwere kwaye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo zezinye zeempawu zelizwekazi. Kwaye loo ndlela ayinakuthelekiswa neentaba esele zenziwe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo njengeeAndes ezintle okanye iiHimalaya. Kodwa iYurophu yi-Eurocentric, kungoko ezi ntaba ngamanye amaxesha zithandwa ngakumbi kunezinye.
IiAlps bezikhona kwaye zisenjalo nangoku injini yoqoqosho lwesizwe oluninzi. Ukuba kangangeenkulungwane uqoqosho lwalungolokwalusa, ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX eli shishini laliphambili ngokubhekisele kwizixhobo ezibonelelwa ziintaba ngokwazo: iidipozithi zentsimbi, amanzi asetyenziswa kwizityalo zombane, ialuminiyam, imboni yemichiza, intsimbi ... Kwaye, kutheni kungenjalo, ukhenketho, imboni engenazo iitshimini.
Kodwa ivela phi iiAlps? Olu luhlu lweentaba yenziwa phakathi kweminyaka engama-65 kunye nama-44 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayoEkupheleni kwexesha leMesozoic. Iprofayile yokuqala yokwakheka komhlaba emva koko yahlengahlengiswa ngokuhamba kwexesha, umzekelo, i-glaciation, iyile imilo enkulu yeAlps, yenza iincopho eziphakamileyo, iintlambo ezibanzi nezinzulu, iingxangxasi, amachibi anzulu, iinduli njalo njalo. Ngelo xesha kwazalwa iLake Constance, iSalzkammergut, ingxangxasi yaseStaubbach, iMatterhorn okanye iGrossglockner.
Ngaloo ndlela, kumhla wethu, iiAlps zahlulwe zaziintaba zeNtshona Alps, Central Alps, kunye neeMpuma Alps ezahlukileyo iintaba. Ii-Alps zaseNtshona ziqala emantla zisuka elunxwemeni, zinqumleze mpuma mpuma kweFrance kunye nomntla mpuma we-Italiya ukuya eLake Geneva kunye neRhône Valley eSwitzerland. Nazi iiAlps zaseLwandle, ezantsi kwaye zikufutshane noLwandle lweMeditera, kunye neVerdon Canyon enzulu okanye iincopho ezinqabileyo zeMercantour Massif kunye IMont Blan ngeemitha ezingama-4.807 ukuphakama, eyona ncopho iphakamileyo kuzo zonke iiAlps.
Los I-alps esembindini Asusela eSan Bernardo Pass, kwimpuma yeMont Blanc nakumda waseSwitzerland nowase-Italiya, ukuya kummandla weSplügen Pass, emantla eLake Como.Kule ndawo sisandul 'ukuyichaza kukho iincopho ezidumileyo ezifana IMatterhorn, iFinsteraarhorn, iWeisshorn kunye neDufourspitze, Konke kuphakama. Kukho namachibi omkhenkce aseMaggiore naseComo, angena kuMlambo iPo.
Kwinxalenye yabo I-alps zaseMpuma ziyinxalenye yoLuhlu lweNtaba iRätische eSwitzerland, iiAlps zaseBavaria eJamani nakwintshona yeOstriya, iiDolomites e-Itali, iiJulian Alps kumantla mpuma e-Itali nakumantla eSlovenia, iiNtaba zeTauern eOstriya okanye iiDinaric Alps kwiBalkan Peninsula. Imilambo ekule ndawo yiMur, iDrau, iSava, iSalzach, iEnns okanye iLake Garda.
Inyaniso yileyo isiqabu seAlps asilingani: ezona ntaba ziphakamileyo ziseNtshona, kwiMount Blanc massif naseFinsteraahorn massif, ummandla we-Monte Rosa okanye Weisshorn massif. Kodwa kuyinyani ukuba ilizwe ngalinye lineentaba zalo eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo. Umzekelo? Ewe, e-Austria yiGrossglockner, eJamani iZugspitze, eSlovenia iTriglav.
Kodwa hayi kuphela isiqabu seAlps esingalinganiyo kodwa nemozulu. Ngenxa yokwahluka kokuphakama kukho umahluko kwimozulu, hayi phakathi kweentaba kuphela kodwa kwiinduli ezifanayo. IiAlps zichaphazeleka ikakhulu yi iimpembelelo ezine zemozulu: ukusuka entshona kuza isimo sezulu esiphakathi nesifumileyo, ukusuka emantla kubanda kwaye kupholile, ukusuka empuma kubanda kwaye kubanda kuzisa ihlobo elishushu, kwaye emazantsi umoya ofudumeleyo weMeditera.
Ngoku, apha sinomdla kukhenketho ke ...Zinika ntoni iiAlps kubahambi? Ewe, ukusukela ukuphela kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, ukhenketho luyakhula kwaye amazwe akhuphisana ukutsala abahambi. KwiiAlps kukho ngeenxa zonke Iindawo zokutyela ezityibilikayo ezingama-600 kwaye ezingama-270 zazo zise-Austria kuphela. Nangona umntu enxibelelanisa iintaba nokhenketho lwasebusika, kukwakhona nokhenketho oluninzi lwasehlotyeni, kungatsho ukuba zininzi iindawo ezoqoqosho lwazo lujolise kukhenketho.
Ngethamsanqa iingxaki zothutho zidlulileyo. Kwiindlela zemveli zentaba zongezwe iindlela, oohola bendlela, imizila kaloliwe, amatonela kwaye ngokucacileyo, iinqwelomoya, njalo namhlanje akukho ndawo ingafikelelekiyo yeAlpine.
Uya phi kwiiAlps? En Alemania zininzi iindawo ezinomtsalane kwiiAlps zaseBavaria. Ixesha le-ski liqala ukuphela kukaDisemba ukuya ku-Epreli kunye nehlobo phakathi kokuphela kukaMeyi nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Iindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu kwiindawo ezikuloo ndawo IGarmisch-Partenkirchen, indawo yokubaleka yaseBavaria, kodwa ungandwendwela ne-Oberstdorf, iFüssen kunye neBerchtesgaden.
Ukuba uqesha imoto, enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zeAlpine yile Umgaqo weAlpine waseJamani obaleka iikhilomitha ezingama-450 ukusuka eLindau, kwiLake Constance, ukuya eSchönau. IiAlps kwi Ostriya basinika imihlaba emihle yentlambo yeDanube kunye nethafa lasePannonia, kunye needolophu nezixeko ezibonakala ngathi zithathiwe kwiiposikhadi, eSlovenia iAlps kunye noLwandle lweMeditera zidibana kwithafa elinye lasePannonia kwaye kukho imiqolomba, amahlathi, iintlambo, iinduli , iingxangxasi kunye namachibi kunye neentaba ukuzula.
En EFransi iiAlps zikwadala iindawo ezintle zomhlaba, ezinemizana kunye neenqaba, kwi Italia Imimangaliso iyenzeka kodwa njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, ukuba ufuna kuphela i-100% yemimandla ye-alpine emva koko ... indawo oya kuyo yile ESwitzerland!
ISwitzerland ineentaba zamaphupha, oololiwe abasebenza nge-cogwheel, iimoto zentambo, iincopho zekhephu kunye neenqaba zepanoramic, iindawo zokutyela kunye neendawo zokufikela ezifikelelekayo, izixeko ezizimeleyo kunye neenkcubeko ezininzi kunye. Ngapha koko, ndicinga ukuba kucacile ukuba njengendawo ekuyiwa kuyo eYurophu, ebusika okanye ehlotyeni, iiAlps.