Iintaba-mlilo eMntla Melika

Iintaba-mlilo zibubungqina bokuba umhlaba uyaphila okwangoku. Umsi, umagma, udaka, igesi kunye nothuthu lwentaba-mlilo zivela kule mingxunya kuqweqwe loMhlaba, zonke zisuka entliziyweni yoMhlaba. Kukho iintaba-mlilo ezingasekhoyo, kukho iintaba-mlilo ezingasekhoyo, kwaye kukho neentaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo. Abantu sele beyiqhelile intaba-mlilo kodwa bayayazi indlela yokubangela intshabalalo eninzi.

Ukuba ucinga ngendlela eziyingozi ngayo, awuyiqondi indlela abanokubakho ngayo abantu abahlala kufutshane nentaba-mlilo, kodwa kunjalo. Kukho izixeko ezipheleleyo ezakhiwe emazantsi eentaba-mlilo ezisasebenza nangoku. Ukuba zibangele iintlekele kwiidolophu ezinamakhulu kuphela abemi, zinokubangela ntoni kwisixeko sanamhlanje? EMntla Melika zininzi iintaba-mlilo: eCanada kukho ezingama-21 kwaye eUnited States kukho ezili-169, ezingama-55 zazo ziphantsi koqwalaselo olusondeleyo, ngelixa eMexico zingama-42.

Inyaniso yileyo zininzi iintaba-mlilo eMntla Merika kwaye uninzi luyasebenza nangona lungakhange luqhushumbe ubuncinci kwinkulungwane enesiqingatha. Kungenxa yoko le nto ungeva kakhulu malunga nentaba-mlilo yaseNyakatho Melika. Cinga ukuba kwinkulungwane yama-1915 zimbini kuphela ezaqhambukayo: uLassen ngo-1980 kunye ne-St. Helens ngo-XNUMX. Kufanelekile ukuba uninzi lweentaba-mlilo ezikule nxalenye yaseMelika ziselunxwemeni olusentshona, kumhlaba owoyikekayo wePasifiki kwindawo apho uya phantsi kwepleyiti yelizwekazi.

Iintaba-mlilo eUnited States

Kwi-169 yeentaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo i-United States, kukho ezingama-55 eziqwalaselweyo kwaye ezili-18 zithathwa "njengezilumkiso" nokuba kungenxa yokuba zinokudubula, zibangele iinyikima okanye zichaphazele ubomi babantu abaninzi abakungqongileyo. IAlaska ineentaba-mlilo ezininzi nazo, kwaye uninzi lwazo zikwiIiIuti zaseAleutian. Elinye lawo, iNtaba iAkutan, lakhupha udaka nothuthu iinyanga ezintathu ngo-1992. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngo-2005, kwabakho iinyikima kwintaba-mlilo ka-Augustine zaza zaqhushumba kangangeekhilomitha ezilithoba. Enye yeentaba-mlilo zaseAlaska yiMakushin, kwiziqithi ezifanayo: yadubula izihlandlo ezingama-34 kwiminyaka engama-250, eyokugqibela ngo-1995.

Ukuqhubeka neAlaska yiNtaba iRedoubt, ebisebenza ngo-2009 kwaye inyanzelise isikhululo seenqwelomoya iAnchorage ukuba sivale iiyure ezingama-20. Eyona volcano inkulu kwiiAleutian Islands yiMount Spurr, egubungele i-Anchorage emlotheni ngo-1992 nangona okwangoku kuthe cwaka. Intaba-mlilo iLassen Peak yaqhuma nge-fanfare enkulu ngo-1915 kwaye uthuthu lwaluhlanjwa laya kufikelela eNevada. Kude neAlaska, zininzi mlilo eCarlifonia: iLong Valley Caldera ibidlala ukusukela kwiminyaka yee-90s ngalo naliphi na ixesha ungalala okanye uvuke. Enye intaba-mlilo yaseCalifornia yiNtaba iShasta, kodwa ukusukela ukuphela kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX beziphethe kakuhle.

E-Oregon kukho ezinye i-volcano ezilele ubuthongo kwaye ezinye zazo zenze ikhonkco elibizwa ngokuchanekileyo nguMtyholi kaMtyholi. Kwiphondo laseWashington kukwakho neentaba-mlilo: kukho iMount Baker, egadwe kakhulu okoko yabonwa yimagna ngo-1975. Enye intaba-mlilo ekufuphi yiGlacier Peak, iNtaba iRainier kunye neyona ndawo ithandwayo kwaye yenye yeentaba-mlilo ezidumileyo ehlabathini, iSanta Helena. Le ntaba-mlilo yaqhuma ngo-1980 yaza yabulala abantu abangama-57.

Okokugqibela, akunakwenzeka ukuba uthethe ngeentaba-mlilo zaseMntla Merika kunye neentaba-mlilo zaseMelika ngakumbi ngaphandle kokubiza igama Iintaba-mlilo zaseHawaii. Intaba-mlilo yaseKilauea ibinogqabhuko olungapheliyo iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwaye iyingozi ngokusisigxina. IMauna Loa lelona lizwi likhulu lisebenzayo emhlabeni, yaqhuma ngo-1984 kwaye ngoku ifumana imisebenzi enobungozi.

Iintaba-mlilo eCanada

ICanada ineentaba-mlilo kwiindawo ezininzi: e-Alberta, eBritish Columbia, kwiPeninsula yaseLabrador, kwiNorth West Territories, e-Ontario, eNunavut, eQuebec, eYukon naseSaskaychewan. Babala malunga ne-21 kwaye phakathi kwabo sinokuthiya iFort Selkirk, Atlin, Tuya, Heart Peaks, Edziza, Hoodoo Mountain kunye neNazko, umzekelo.

IFort Selkirk yintsimi entsha ye-volcanic kumbindi weYukon. Yintlambo enkulu eyasekwa ekudibaneni kweempazamo ezimbini. Ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kuye kwakha ii-cones ezintlanu. I-Atlin yenye intaba-mlilo encinci kodwa iseBritish Columbia. Namhlanje ikhona ephezulu ziimitha ezili-1800 ukuphakama. I-Tuya ikwiintaba zeCassiar, emantla omhlaba ofanayo, kwaye isusela kwi-Ice Age. Intaba yeentliziyo Intaba-mlilo yesithathu ngobukhulu kweli phondo laseCanada ithandwa ziintaba-mlilo, kwaye nangona ingakhange iqhume ukusukela kwiminyaka yokugqibela yeqhwa, iyachukumisa.

I-Edziza yi stratovolcano enkulu esele iyile kwisigidi seminyaka. Inentsimi yomkhenkce oziikhilomitha ezi-2 ububanzi kwaye imikhondo yokuhamba kwayo ichola indawo. Intaba yeHoodoo isemantla oMlambo iIskut, kwiphondo elinye. Yenziwa kwi-Ice Age kwaye inekhephu lomkhenkce phakathi kweekhilomitha ezintathu ukuya kwezine ubukhulu, ngaphezulu, kwindawo ephakame kangangeemitha ezili-1750. Yiyo ke le nto, yenza amaqhekeza omkhenkce amabini. Okokugqibela, uNazko: yintaba-mlilo encinci, enekhowuni yee-fumaroles ezintathu, ikwiBritish Columbia, kumbindi wephondo kwaye malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-75 ukusuka eQuesnel. Ngokwenzululwazi, khange iqhume kangangeminyaka engama-5220.

Ayizizo zodwa iintaba-mlilo eCanada, kodwa kufanelekile ukuba isampulu yazi ukuba zininzi kwaye uninzi lweentaba-mlilo zaseCanada ziseBritish Columbia.

Iintaba-mlilo eMexico

I-volcano eMexico zigxile eBaja California, emantla ntshona eli lizwe, kwiziqithi, entshona, embindini nasezantsi. Nazi zizonke iintaba-mlilo ezingama-42 eMexico kwaye phantse zonke zikwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yiPacific Ring of Fire. Ezona ntaba-mlilo zisebenzayo yiColima, i-El Chichón kunye nePapicatepetl. Xa i-El Chichón, eChiapas, yaqhambukayo ngo-1982, umzekelo, yapholisa imozulu yehlabathi kunyaka olandelayo kwaye ithathwa njengeyona ntlekele ibaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yanamhlanje yaseMexico.

Intaba-mlilo IColima okanye iVolcán de Fuego yinxalenye yesakhiwo sentaba-mlilo iqulunqwe loo mlilo, iNevado de Colima kunye nenye ekhukuliswe kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yiEl Cántaro, yaphela Omncinci kwaba bathathu uthathwa njengeyona mlilo inamandla eMexico nakuyo yonke iMntla Melika, kuba iqhume amatyeli angamashumi amane ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe. Kungenxa yoko le nto indawo ibekwe esweni iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.

Njengoko sibona, UMntla Merika uneentaba-mlilo ezininzi kwaye nangona ingezizo iindaba yonke imihla ngento ethile, izazinzulu zelinye lala mazwe mathathu zinabantu abaninzi abaphantsi kweliso. Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo luyamangalisa, yiplanethi ephilayo kuyo yonke into eyithethayo, kodwa namhlanje, ngabantu abaninzi kangaka abahlala emhlabeni, ugqabhuko olukhulu olunokubangela iingxaki kunye nomonakalo.