Asia lelona lizwekazi linabemi abaninzi kwaye likhulu emhlabeni. It sisityebi, ezahlukahlukeneyo abantu, iilwimi, imihlaba, iinkolo. Kukho amazwe ahlukileyo omnye komnye njengo-Israyeli kunye neJapan, i-Russia ne-Pakistan okanye i-Indiya ne-Korea. Kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha malunga nokuba zeziphi, ngokoluvo lwam, zezona zilungileyo Amakomkhulu aseAsia.
Ndibhekisa kwizixeko zaseTokyo, eBeijing, eTaipei, eSeoul naseSingapore. Nganye inikezela ngeyayo, inembali yayo, inkcubeko yayo, i-idiosyncrasy yayo. Ngaba sizifumene?
Beijing
IBeijing okanye iPeking Ikomkhulu leRiphabhlikhi Yabantu base China kwaye lelona lizwe likhulu labantu elinelona lizwe likhulu emhlabeni, phantse phantse Abemi abali-21 lezigidi. Kusemantla elizwe kwaye unezithili ezili-16 zasemaphandleni, zasedolophini nasezidolophini.
Nguye Intliziyo yelizwe kwinqanaba lezopolitiko nenkcubeko kwaye ngenxa yobukhulu bayo iyinyani. Emva kweShanghai, sisixeko sesibini esinabemi abaninzi kwaye emva kohlaziyo lokugqibela lwezoqoqosho luhlala kwikomkhulu lezona nkampani zibalulekileyo zaseTshayina kwihlabathi liphela.
Kwakhona eBeijing Sesinye sezona zixeko zidala emhlabeni, esingaphezulu kwamawaka amathathu eminyaka yobukho. Yayingeyiyo ikomkhulu lobukumkani kuphela elizweni, kodwa yayiyeyona ibalulekileyo kwaye yomelele. Ijikelezwe ziinduli kwaye ubumnandi bayo bangaphambili busabonakala nanamhlanje iitempile, amabhotwe, iipaki, izitiya kunye namangcwaba. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungayihoyi i- IsiXeko esingavumelekanga, Ibhotwe lasehlotyeni, amangcwaba aseMing, i Udonga Olukhulu okanye iGran Canal.
La UNESCO ibhengeze iziza ezisixhenxe eBeijing njenge Ilifa leMveli (ezinye zezi besizikhankanyile ngaphambili), kodwa ngaphaya kwezo ndawo zobukhazikhazi isixeko uqobo, nezitalato zaso kunye ubumelwane bendabuko, iihungs, kuyamangalisa.
Ngaphandle kokutsala abakhenkethi kunye nexesha langoku, yiyo Hub ezona zithuthi zibalulekileyo emantla elizwe. Inololiwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu-ukuya kwizixeko ezinjengeShanghai, Guangzhou, Kowloon, Harbin, Inner Mongolia njalo njalo. Isikhululo sikaloliwe saseBeijing savulwa ngo-1959 kodwa zikhona ezinye izikhululo ezakhiweyo kumashumi eminyaka alandelayo, njengoko inkqubo kaloliwe yandiswa kwaye yaphuculwa Kukwakhona nemetro, enemigca engama-23 kwaye iphantse ibe ziikhilomitha ezingama-700 ubude.
Ukongeza, kukho iindlela ezinkulu kunye neendlela ezishiya isixeko nezinye ezingena ngaphakathi. Ezi ndlela ziyisetyhula, zijikeleza isixeko sithathela ingqalelo isiXeko esingavumelekanga njengeziko laso. Kwaye ngokucacileyo, esixekweni sisikhululo seenqwelomoya samanye amazwe. Kufanelekile ukuthi kwi-2013 Ukuba uvela kumazwe afana neBrazil, iArgentina, i-European Union okanye iJapan, phakathi kwabanye, uvumelekile a Iiyure ezingama-72 zokundwendwela ukutyelela isixeko.
Tokio
Nguye Ikomkhulu laseJapan, Ngokwenyani lithetha ikomkhulu okanye isixeko esisempuma, kwaye sikumbindi mpuma wesiqithi saseHonshu, kwingingqi yaseKanto. Ingaba u ezopolitiko, ezentlalo, ezemfundo, inkcubeko kunye nezoqoqosho zelizwe.
ITokyo inabemi abakufutshane 40 yezigidi zabantu (Ilizwe elifana neArgentina, umzekelo, linabemi abazizigidi ezingama-46 kwaye liphindaphindwe kaliwaka ngaphezulu), ke baninzi abantu kwisithuba esincinci.
Ekuqaleni yayiyilali yokuloba ebizwa ngokuba yi-Edo, kodwa yabaluleka kumaXesha Aphakathi, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kwinkulungwane elandelayo yayisisixeko eso ngokubhekisele kubemi baso ebesele sithelekiswa nezixeko zaseYurophu. Kwakungasoloko ikomkhulu laseJapan, iKyoto yayihlala ixesha elide, uNara efanayo, kodwa ngo-1868 yaba likomkhulu ngokuqinisekileyo.
Tokio wafumana inyikima enkulu ngo-1923 kwaye ke Imfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Utshintsho olukhulu kunye nokukhula kwayo kwaqala nge-50s, ngesandla kunye nokubuyiselwa koqoqosho lwesizwe.
I-Tokyo ayikhange isilele kwiminyhadala yezemidlalo yamazwe aphesheya njenge-Olimpiki (nangona ii-Olimpiki zika-2020 ziya kulityalwa), kwaye nangona ingenabo ubuncwane bokwakha obusindileyo ekubulaweni kwabantu, inyani kukuba imeko yayo yanamhlanje yeyona nto inomtsalane.
Ungalibali ukundwendwela ITokyo Tower, iSkytree yaseTokyo, izitrato zaseShibuya, ubuhle beGinza, iRoppongi Hills ...
Seoul
Nguye ikomkhulu laseMzantsi Korea kunye nesona sixeko sikhulu kweli lizwe. Inabemi phantse 20 yezigidi zabantu kwaye inoqoqosho olomeleleyo kakhulu. Nalu ikomkhulu leenkampani ezinje nge-LG, Samsung, Hyundai ...
USeoul unembali enezahluko ezininzi ezilusizi ukusukela oko amaJapan ahlasela ilizwe kwaye bayihlomela kubukhosi babo ngonyaka we-1910. Emva koko yaqala ukusentshona, izakhiwo ezininzi, kwaye iindonga zadilizwa, kwaye kuphela ekupheleni kwemfazwe amaMelika afika ezokuyikhulula. Ngo-1945 isixeko kwathiwa yiSeoul, nangona ubomi bayo babungazukuthula kuba ngoo-50 Imfazwe yaseKorea.
Emva kwakhe, emva komlo phakathi kwamaKorea aseMerika kunye namaMelika ngokuchasene namaKorea aseMantla kunye namaSoviet, isixeko sifumene umonakalo omkhulu. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwadityaniswa zizikhukula zeembacu, ke ngoko yafumana abantu ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Ukukhula kwayo edolophini nakuqoqosho kwaqala nge60s. Namhlanje I-20% yabantu bebonke bahlala apha ovela eMzantsi Korea.
Yisixeko esinobusika obubandayo kunye nehlobo elitshisayo. Yahlulahlulwe yangamashumi amabini anesihlanu Wowu, izithili, ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Enye yeGangnam edumileyo esiyivileyo kuloo pop yaseKorea yabetha kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. I-Seoul emva koko inexinano labemi eliphindwe kabini kunelo leNew York.
Ineziza zembali zokundwendwela, icandelo eliphakathi kweSouth Korea neNyakatho Korea, iZone edumileyo yokuDilizwa, iimyuziyam, izakhiwo zemveli, iindawo ezintle kunye nobomi bobusuku.
Singapore
Lilizwe kwaye kwangaxeshanye ikomkhulu. Isimo sesiqithi, ilizwe ledolophu elikumazantsi mpuma eAsia. Sisiqithi esikhulu kwaye ineziqithana ezingama-63 okanye iziqithi ezincinci ukuze zongeze ngaphezulu.
Abantu abaninzi bahlala apha kwaye yindawo eyahlukeneyo enenkcubeko Iilwimi ezine ezisemthethweni: IsiMalay, isiNgesi, isiMandarin isiTshayina nesiTamil. ISingapore yanamhlanje yasekwa ngo-1819, njengenxalenye yezorhwebo yoBukhosi baseBritane. KwiMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi yayihlala amaJapan, emva koko yabuyela kulawulo lwesiNgesi kwaye ekugqibeleni ufumene amandla okuzilawula ngo-1959, kwinkqubo yokucinezelwa kwelase-Asiya emva kwemfazwe.
Ngaphandle kwamanqaku ayo amabi, ukunqongophala komhlaba, izibonelelo zendalo, yaba yenye yeendlela IiTigers ezine zaseAsia kwaye ke yaphuhliswa ngesantya sokukhanya. Inkqubo yabo yoburhulumente ayibikho epalamente kwaye urhulumente ulawula yonke into kancinci. Iqela elinye lilawule ikamva laseSingapore ngonaphakade.
Ewe, luluntu olulondolozayo kakhulu. Abantu besini esifanayo akukho mthethweni, Ubuncinci okwangoku. Kukwakho noosozigidi abaninzi, inqanaba lentswela-ngqesho elisezantsi kwaye kangangexesha elithile ngoku kukho ukhenketho oluninzi. Inyaniso, Isixeko sisixeko sesihlanu esihambele kakhulu emhlabeni kwaye okwesibini kummandla weAsia Pacific.
ku Taipei
Nguye ikomkhulu laseTaiwan okanye iRiphabhlikhi yase China. Kusemantla esiqithi kwaye une malunga nabantu abazizigidi ezibini nangaphezulu, Kubalwa indawo yedolophu. Ngapha koko, igama libhekisa kule seti iphela.
Ngokucacileyo, yi ezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko yelizwe kwaye yenye yezona zixeko zibalulekileyo eAsia. Yonke into idlula eTaipei nakwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye neenkqubo zikaloliwe. Ukongeza, inezinto ezininzi ezakhiwayo ezaziwayo, ezaziwayo njengezokwakha okanye zenkcubeko, ezinje ngesakhiwo esidumileyo seTaipei 101 okanye iSikhumbuzo seChiang Kai-shek.
Kodwa kwakhona ITaipei ineemarike, ineemyuziyam, izitalato, izikwere, iipaki. Kwaye imbali, ngokwendalo. Ihleli inxulunyaniswa ne China, kwaye namhlanje i-People's Republic of China iyaqhubeka nokusibiza esi siqithi njengesi sayo, kodwa kananjalo yayihlala amaJapan ngo-1895. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, i-China yabuya yaza kuyilawula, kodwa emva kwemfazwe yamakhaya yase-China apho amaKomanisi aphumelela khona, abezoluntu kwanyanzeleka ukuba bafuduke kwilizwe kwaye benze njalo eTaiwan.
Ilizwe uye wabhukuqa umbuso kunye nozwilakhe kunye neengxaki zezoqoqosho eyanyanzela abemi bayo ukuba babalekele kwezinye iindawo. Okona kubi kukuba, kwii-90s kwaqala elinye ixesha lezopolitiko kwaye ukusukela ngo-1996 kukho amaqela aliqela nolonyulo lwesizwe.
ITaipei ine Imozulu efumileyo yetropiki Kungcono ke ubaleke ihlobo elinganyamezelekiyo. Ijikelezwe ziintaba kwaye inemilambo kunye nokhenketho ingakumbi undwendwela i Isikhumbuzo seChiang Kai- Shek, eyasungula iTaiwan emva kokuphulukana nemfazwe yamakhaya, iHolo yeKhonsathi yeSizwe, iholo yesizwe, iitempile zayo ezahlukeneyo, kunye neminyhadala yenkcubeko, iFreedom Square, iMyuziyam kaZwelonke, indala kweli lizwe neyasekwa ngamaJapan ...
I-Taipei 101 yindawo ephezulu yesakhiwo esiphakamileyo saseTaipei. Yavulwa ngo-2004 kwaye yayiyeyona inde ehlabathini ixesha elithile de kwakhiwa iBurj Khalifa. Ngaba 509 yeemitha ukuphakama kwaye ukuphela konyaka iziqhushumbisi ziyinto entle.
Ndizikhethele ezi ngaphezu kwezinye izixeko esiseAsia kuba yinxalenye yeli lizwekazi endilithanda kakhulu. Akukho nto injengokuhamba apha uzive ukude nenkcubeko yethu kunye neenkolelo zethu. Kwaye njengoko besitsho, ukungazi kuyaphiliswa ngokufunda kwaye ubuhlanga bunyangwa kukuhamba.