Sonke silivile ibali lika U-Anne Frank. Ngandlela thile okanye enye, ngenxa yokuba uyifundile incwadi, umboniso bhanyabhanya, obubhaliweyo okanye ngenxa yokuba umntu othile wakha wathetha ngawo xa umxholo weMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi wawubonakala kwintetho.
Ukoyikeka kwamaNazi kwabangela ukuba usapho luka-Ana luzimele kwindlu ka Amsterdam kwaye namhlanje le ndlu ivulelekile eluntwini njenge Indlu ka-Anne Frank, ekubeni yenye yeemyuziyam ezityelele esixekweni. Uya eAmsterdam? Emva koko awunakuyeka ukumtyelela.
U-Anne Frank
Igama lakhe yayingu UAnnelies Marie Frank kwaye wazalwa eFrankfurt e 1929 esifubeni sezibini ezikhululekileyo zamaJuda ezazinevenkile yeencwadi esixekweni. Kodwa emva kokuphumelela kweqela lamaNazi kunyulo luka-1933, izinto zaqala ukutshintsha kwaye Utata wagqiba kwelokuba amkele umsebenzi eAmsterdam.
Apho wanyamekela inkampani eyayithengisa into ethathwe kwiziqhamo kwaye kungekudala emva koko, nosapho lwayo lizinze edolophini, waququzelela enye eyenzelwe ukuthengisa iziqholo kunye namayeza.
Kodwa ngo-1942 iJamani ihlasela iNetherlands Kwaye ukoyikeka kuyasasazeka ke ngoko ukuba urhulumente ophetheyo aqale ukutshutshisa amaJuda ngokumilisela imithetho yocalucalulo. Njengamanye amaYuda, amaFrank ayesele ecinga ngokufuduka kodwa engakhange azenze izicwangciso zawo. Ke, iintombi ezimbini zesibini kwafuneka zitshintshe izikolo kwaye amashishini osapho atshintsha ubunini ukuze angathathwa.
Ngomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe we-13 uAna wafumana incwadi yesandla nencwadi leyo yaba yeyakhe idayari yakho. Usapho lwagqiba kwelokuba lizimele kwangalo nyaka, kwinyanga nje emva kokuzalwa kwakhe, ngoJulayi, emva kokufumana umyalelo wokuya kwinkampu yoxinaniso.
Indlu ka-Anne Frank
Amagqabi bazimela kwindlu enemigangatho emithathu entla kweeofisi zenkampani phantsi kwesambrela sabanye babasebenzi abathembekileyo. Bashiya indlu yabo ngokungathi babebalekile ngequbuliso bathatha amagumbi awayefihlwe ngobuqili ngasemva kweshelufa yeencwadi.
Babathathu kuphela abantu ababesazi ukuba usapho lufihle apho kwaye babephethe ukondla nokudlulisa ulwazi malunga nokwenzekayo phesheya. Kungekudala emva koko babenenkampani xa olunye usapho lwamaJuda lwajoyina, iiPels, kwaye kamva waba ngumhlobo wamazinyo osapho. Yonke into yarekhodwa kwidayari uAna awayeyiphethe kunye noxinzelelo oluveliswe kukuhlala kwindawo encinci enabantu abaninzi kunye noxinzelelo oluninzi.
Idayari yakho ilungile kuba ukubhala ngokwakho kutyhila iinkalo zobuntu bethu kunye nokujonga kwethu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ke, ukwakhiwa ngokutsha esinokukwenza kwezi ntsuku zichithwe ngaba bantu ekuthinjweni kusivumela ukuba sibone umhlaba omangalisayo. Umgca wokugqibela wabhalwa ngo-Agasti 1, 1944, ngaphezulu nje kweminyaka emibini emva kokungena kumagumbi afihliweyo.
Nge-4 ka-Agasti, amapolisa kunye ne-SS bangena kwaye bonke babanjwa. kwiintsuku kamva ukuba idluliselwe kwinkampu yokuhamba apho kwakusele kukho ngaphezulu kwamawaka alikhulu lamaYuda. Abo babancedayo babengenalo ithamsanqa elingcono kodwa bakwazi ukubuyela ekhaya, bayokuthatha amaphepha, iifoto zosapho kunye nedayari eyayishiywe endlwini. Baye bagcina yonke into ngethemba lokuyibuyisa emva kokuphela kwemfazwe.
Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ulwazi olwalufihlwe bonke endlwini kumjelo luvulwe njani. NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka iqela lagxothwa eAuschwitzNgelo xesha uAna wayesele eneminyaka eli-15 ubudala. Imozulu kamva bafuduselwa eBergen-Belsen, apho umama wakhe wabulawa yindlala, nangona iimeko zetyphus, typhoid kunye nezinye izitshabalalisi zaziqhelekile ngoko ke kucingelwa ukuba oodade babulawa zezi zifo.
Ukubakho Kuqala udadewabo, uMargot, wasweleka kwaye kwiintsuku kamva uAna. Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa kamva inkampu yakhululwa ngamaNgesi.
Idayari kunye nemyuziyam
Inyani yile yokuba utata ka-Ana, UOtto Frank, kwakungekho mntu ufileyooy ekupheleni kwemfazwe abaqeshwa bakhe bangaphambili bamnika oko babekuqokelele endlwiniukuya. Ukufunda iingcinga ezisenyongweni zentombi ebuleweyo kufuneka ukuba kuyothusa.
Eyokuqala upapasho lwamanqaku yayingo-1946 kwaye zapapashwa eJamani naseFrance ngo-1950. Ukusukela ngoko yaduma kakhulu, yaba yi dlala kwaye ngo-1959 ibhayisikobho.
Indlu yemyuziyam ibekwe kumjelo wePrinsengracht, kumbindi weAmsterdam. Yi Indlu yenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye iingcango zayo zavulwa njengemyuziyam ngo-1960. Kukho Umboniso osisigxina kubomi nakwimbali ka-Anne Frank nanamhlanje yenye yeemyuziyam ezintathu ezandwendwelwa kakhulu eNetherlands.
Indlu yayinemigangatho eliqela kwaye phakathi kwayo yayingamagumbi afihliweyo apho babalekela khona kumaNazi kwaye babiza xphumliso okanye isihlomelo semfihlo. Kwakungabonakali ngaphandle kwaye yayingama-46 eemitha zesikwere ngobukhulu.
Ngexesha lotyelelo uza kubona esi sihlomelo sincinci, igumbi athe uAna wabelana ngalo nomntwana wolunye usapho, igumbi eliqhelekileyo kunye ukubonisa izinto zobuqu, iifoto kunye nokunye.
Nangona imyuziyam ivulwe ngo-1960 ngenxa yenani labatyeleli yahlala ivaliwe yaza yahlaziywa phakathi ko-1970 no-199. Ngo-2001 uQueen Beatrix ngokwakhe wayivula kwakhona ngendawo engaphezulu, ilayibrari kunye nendawo yokutyela. Yonke yakhiwe kwakhona ngendlela eyayibukeka ngayo ngo-1940.
Ulwazi olusebenzayo:
- Indawo: Prinsengracht 263-267. Umnyango usekoneni yeWestmarkt, 20.
- ufika njani apho: uhambo lwemizuzu engama-20 ukusuka eAmsterdam Central Station, akukho nto iyenye, kodwa ungafika apho nge-tram 13 okanye i-17, wehle kwindawo yokumisa iWestmarkt.
- iiyure: kuvulwa ukusuka ngo-Epreli 1 ukuya ku-Novemba 1 yonke imihla ukusukela nge-9 ukuya kwi-10 ngorhatya kwaye ukusuka ngo-Novemba 1 ukuya ku-Epreli 1 yonke imihla ukusuka ngo-9 kusasa ukuya ku-7 ngokuhlwa nangoMgqibelo ukuya nge-9 ngokuhlwa.
- Ixabiso: i-10 ye-euro ngomntu omdala kunye nabantwana ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-17 bahlawula ii-euro ezingama-5. Ukubhukishwa kuhlawuliswa iisenti ezingama-50 zeerandi.
- kukho izikhokelo ezimanyelwayo kunye nohambo olukhokelwayo. Ungabhalisela intshayelelo ebonisa ukuba zihlala kuphela isiqingatha seyure kwaye zikunike umbono wobomi buka-Ana kwimeko yeWWII. Kungenxa yesiNgesi kwaye ibandakanyiwe kutyelelo lwemyuziyam.
- Ungathenga amatikiti kwi-Intanethi ngokukhetha umhla kunye nexesha kwangaphambili ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo. Zama ukuzithenga kwangaphambili kuba zininzi izinto ezifunekayo, ngakumbi ukuba ucwangcisa ukuya kwimpelaveki okanye iholide. Ungathenga ukuya kuthi ga kwiitikiti ezili-14 ngexesha.