Las eyona ndawo yokugcina indalo eSpain Yimiphunga yokwenyani eluhlaza yeendawo ezahlulayo. Ukongeza kubuhle obukhulu, banobukhulu obukhulu ixabiso lendalo ngezilwanyana zayo zasendle zezityalo nezilwanyana. Kodwa zikwabalulekile kwinkalo yejoloji.
Ngoko ke, zimele zigcinwe njengoko zinjalo ukuze kulungelwe bonke abantu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha nawe malunga neendawo zokugcina indalo ezibalaseleyo eSpain, kodwa okokuqala kufuneka sikucacisele. Sithetha ukuthini ngeli gama?. Kuba, kungenjalo, besiya kuwela kwimpazamo yokubafanisa amanye amanani okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
Yintoni indawo yokugcina indalo
ICabo de Gata-Níjar yoLondolozo lweNdalo
España Lilizwe elinendalo emangalisayo. Oku kubonelela ngobuhle bayo obuninzi, kodwa kwakhona kuphucula iimeko zethu zokuhlala. Ngamanye amazwi, inexabiso elibalulekileyo le-ikholoji kunye nobuhle. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuwo wonke ummandla wayo, ukusuka Asturias phezulu Cádiz kwaye isuka Galicia phezulu Baleares, iindawo ezikhuselweyo zininzi.
Nangona kunjalo, zikho amanani ahlukeneyo asemthethweni nasekuhlaleni ukuwagcina. Ngoko, sithetha ngayo IiPaki zeSizwe, de iipaki zendalo okanye Oovimba bendalo, phakathi kwezinye. Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, intsingiselo yazo zonke iyafana: khusela indawo enexabiso elikhulu lendalo. Kodwa, ngokwembono yezibophelelo nokhathalelo kwezi ndawo, ihlelo ngalinye lineempembelelo ezithile.
Kuko konke oku, unokumangaliswa ukuba ungafumani kweli nqaku likhankanya Iintaba zaseYurophu wa I-Ordesa kunye neMonte Perdido. Kodwa ibangelwa, ngokuchanekileyo, kukuba ziipaki zelizwe kungekhona iindawo zokulondoloza indalo. Ukuseka umahluko, siya kukuxelela ukuba lo mahluko wokugqibela udla ngokuquka owangaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi, ummandla wolondolozo lwendalo unokuba, ngokwemithetho, ukwangummandla wolondolozo lwendalo, indawo yolondolozo lwendalo, ipaki yelizwe okanye ipaki yendalo.
Ngenye indlela, sinokuthi iindawo ekubhengezwe ukuba zingoovimba bendalo iqondo eliphezulu lokhuseleko kuneepaki zelizwe. Isebenza kwiindawo eziqwalaselwayo i-ikholoji yexabiso elikhulu le-ikholoji kwaye isengozini ngenxa yobuthathaka bazo. Ngokomzekelo, iindawo apho izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela ezifana ne-Iberian lynx zihlala khona.
Kwakhona, kwezi ndawo phantse yonke imisebenzi yabantu ayivumelekanga. Ngokusengqiqweni, zinokutyelelwa, kodwa izindlu azinakwakhelwa phezu kwazo okanye imithi yazo inokugawulwa. Ngale ndlela, phakathi kwezona ndawo zigcina indalo eSpain, sinokwahlula iiklasi ezimbini.
Eyokuqala yile inxenye, evumela ukuxhaphazwa kwezinye zezibonelelo zayo, nangona zihlala zihlonipha ukunyaniseka kwendawo. Endaweni yoko, eyesibini uvimba wendalo uwonke, apho nawuphi na umsebenzi ojolise ekufumaneni izibonelelo zayo unqatshelwe. Inokwenziwa kuphela ngezizathu, ngokuchanekileyo, zolondolozo okanye ukufunda.
Sakuba siyichazile into esiyithethayo ngalo mbono, siza kukubonisa ezona ndawo zogcino lwendalo zibalaseleyo eSpain. Khumbula ukuba awuzukuzibona iipaki zesizwe phakathi kwazo kuba zingomnye umntu wokusingqongileyo.
ICabo de Gata-Níjar yoLondolozo lweNdalo
Ulwandle lwaseLos Genoveses, kwindawo yolondolozo lwendalo yaseCabo de Gata-Níjar
Njengoko uya kuba ufumene igama layo, ibekwe kwi Iphondo laseAlmería kwaye yabhengezwa ngolo hlobo ngo-1987. Ibandakanya ukongezwa kwe phantse amashumi amahlanu amawaka eehektare abo bahlulwe baba ngamawaka angamashumi amathathu anesixhenxe amawaka asehlabathini, namalunga neshumi elinesibini lamawaka aselwandle. Ngokunjalo, ibandakanya oomasipala abahlanu.
Ngokusengqiqweni, ikwabandakanya iilwandle ezininzi kwaye oku kusikhokelela ekubeni sithethe ngeendawo ofanele uzazi ngalo vimba, ngaphandle kweCabo de Gata ngokwayo, eyinika igama layo. Ngokubhekiselele kwintlabathi, unayo abo beAlgarrobico, abafileyo, iAgua Amarga, iCala de En medio, iSan Miguel, iGenoveses okanye iPlayazo de Rodalquilar.
Kwelinye icala, kukho iinuclei ezininzi ze-volcanic kwi La Testa, Vela Blanca, El Fraile kunye neenduli zaseMajada Redonda. Enye yezona ziqhelo zamatye ezikhethekileyo kulo vimba ikwayintaba-mlilo. sithetha ngayo Itafile kaRoldan, uhlobo lwethafa ngenxa yentaba-mlilo esele iphelile enomngxuma wayo ukhukuliseka. Akukho nto inomtsalane ngakumbi kwiiplateaus ze-limestone URellana de San Pedro.
Kodwa, njengoko besinixelele, into esemazantsi olwandle kwindawo ikwanexabiso elikhulu lendalo. Ngaba Posidonia oceanica amathafa egquba kwiMeditera. Ngokufanayo, elunxwemeni unokubona iindawo ezifana ne iisirens reef, la incam ye polacra okanye Morron weGenoveses. Ngokungathi konke oku akonelanga, lo myezo wendalo ulikhaya leentlobo ezingaphezu kwewaka eziphila emhlabeni kunye namakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu ezityalo nezilwanyana zaselwandle.
Uvimba weNdalo oDibeneyo waseMuniellos
ILaguna de la Isla, kwindawo yolondolozo lwendalo yaseMuniellos
Sihamba uhambo olude ukusuka emzantsi ukuya emantla elizwe lethu ukuze sikubonise muniellos, enye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zolondolozo lwendalo eSpeyin. Kuba ikwindawo esentshona ye Asturias, ngokukodwa, koomasipala be ICangas de Narcea e ibias. Ngapha koko, ibandakanya iindawo eziphakamileyo ezintathu zeentaba: iMuniellos, iLa Viliella kunye neMount Valdebois. Bebonke banjalo phantse amashumi amathandathu eekhilomitha square yemimangaliso yendalo.
Eyona nto ixabisekileyo ihlathi, ihlathi le-oki ithathwa njengeyona inkulu eSpeyin kwaye iphakathi kwezona zigcinwe zigcinwe kuzo zonke Europe. Kangangexabiso layo lide lavakaliswa Indawo yokuGcina izilwanyana yi-Unesco kwaye notyelelo luthintelwe. Ukuba ufuna ukuyibona, kuya kufuneka ucele ugunyaziso kuMphathiswa weNdawo yeNqununu yase-Asturias.
Ecaleni kwehlathi le-oki, uneendawo ezintle njengeendonga ze Muniellos River, la idike lesiqithi okanye endala i-glacial cirques. Ngokufanayo, ezinye iintlobo ezenza izityalo zayo zi-chestnuts, i-hazelnuts okanye i-beeches. Kodwa kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-lichens. Ngokuphathelele izilwanyana, ukuba utyelela lo myezo, uya kukwazi ukubona iintaka ezifana ne<em>capercaillie, i<em>black woodpecker, i<em>hawk okanye igoshawk. Kodwa, mhlawumbi unomdla ngakumbi kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo. Phakathi kwabo, ibhere elikhulu elimdaka, ingcuka, impungutye, ixhama okanye ikati yasendle.
Iindawo zokugcina izityalo zeSelva de Irati
Ihlathi leBeech kwihlathi lase-Irati
Ngoku sisiya ngasempuma ukuze sifike e Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni lwaseNavarra. Kule, sifuna ukuthetha hayi enye, kodwa ezintathu zezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zolondolozo lwendalo eSpain. Kuyinyani ukuba bonke bakwindawo ethile: iJungle yase-Irati. Kule meko, yenye ye beech kunye namahlathi e-fir eyona igcinwe eYurophu.
Kukho malunga neshumi elinesixhenxe lamawaka eehektare zehlathi elinqumlayo Iipyrenees kwaye ifikelela kwi kumzantsi-ntshona eFransi. Kwi-peninsular territory ihlala kwi Intlambo yomlambo i-Irati, yohlulwe ziintaba zaseRoncesvalles, Orzanzurieta kunye neSierra de Abodi. Unokufikelela kulo mmangaliso wendalo kwiidolophu ezintle zase-Orbaiceta nase-Ochangavía.
Ihlathi lonke lase-Irati lihlelwa njenge Indawo yoKhuseleko ekhethekileyo yeentaka (ZEPA). Enyanisweni, ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezikhuselweyo ezifana nenkuni okanye i-white-backed bill ziye zafumana indawo yokusabela kuyo. Kodwa zikwakho nezinye ezininzi ezinjengokhozi olubugolide okanye iperegrine falcon. Ngokufanayo, phakathi kwezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo kulo mmandla kukho ezininzi ezisengozini yokuphela. Le yimeko yegallipato okanye ufudo. I-Irati ide ineentlobo ezininzi zePyrenees ezinje, ngokuchanekileyo, ipyrenean inewt. Ngokubhekiselele kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo, unokubona iihagu zasendle, iimartens, iiotters, grey dormouse okanye ixhama. Ngokuphathelele le yokugqibela, yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokujonga ukuvuthela okudumileyo okanye iculo elirabhayo lamadoda azo, elenzeka ekwindla.
Kodwa, xa sithetha nge-Irati, silibele ukukhankanya amagama eendawo ezintathu zokugcina indalo ezenzayo. Imalunga ne leyo kaLizardoia, kufutshane nedama lase-Iraq, eligubungela iihektare ezingamashumi amathandathu anesine; Mendilatz's, kunye nekhulu elineshumi elinesithoba nakwintlambo yaseAézcoa, kunye leyo yeTristuibartea, kwindawo enye kunye neehektare ezingamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu. Ukukunika umbono wokubaluleka kwayo, ihlathi lase-Irati labhengezwa Ilifa lehlabathi.
El Regajal-Mar de Ontígola Nature Reserve
Idama loLwandle lwaseOntígola
Siluphelisa ukhenketho lwethu kwezona ndawo zolondolozo lwendalo zibalaseleyo eSpain kule ikwindawo Uluntu lwaseMadrid, ngokukodwa kummandla kamasipala we Aranjuez. Yabhengezwa ngolo hlobo ngo-1994 kwaye imalunga neehektare ezingamakhulu amathandathu anamashumi amahlanu.
Ibizwa ngegama layo kwinto yokuba yenziwe ngemigangatho emibini eyahluke ngokupheleleyo. Kwelinye icala, kunjalo indawo emanzi yaseMar de Ontígola, elilidama elidala elenziwe ngokwalo ngoku. Kwaye, kwelinye icala, i El Regajal ifama, umphakamo wohlobo lweMeditera-subntlango obalasele ngobutyebi bayo obukhulu bezinambuzane. Ixabiso elikhethekileyo kule ngqiqo linayo inani lamabhabhathane, eyenye yezona zinkulu ehlabathini.
Ngokumalunga nommandla wokuqala osele siwukhankanyile, unohlaza olutyebileyo lwezityalo ezilungeleleneyo nemekobume yasemanzini kunye nenani elibalaseleyo leentaka ezihlala kule ndawo ezifana namadada, amarhanisi, iialbatross, iishearwaters okanye iingwamza. Okulusizi kukuba, phezu kwako nje ukuma kwalo njengendawo yokulondoloza indalo, uLwandle lwaseOntígola lusengozini enkulu ngenxa yemeko yalo embi yolondolozo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, amaziko afana Hispania Nostra iye yahlaba umkhosi wokuba kwenziwe inkathalo engaqhelekanga. Indawo ebizwa Indawo yaseCotillos. Yenziwe ngamathambeka athambekileyo apho iintlobo zezityalo ezifana nekermes oak neatochar zininzi.
Ukuqukumbela, sikubonise ezinye eyona ndawo yokugcina indalo eSpain. Ngokusengqiqweni, ilizwe lethu likhulu kwaye lityebile ngokwembono yendalo kangangokuba maninzi amanye. Ngesi sizathu, asifuni kuyeka ukukhankanya nezo ze Isiqithi saseAlboran, nayo eyephondo le IAalmería; ye Ichweba lechweba laseVillaviciosa, kwakhona kwi Asturias, okanye, sele kwi Iziqithi zeCanary, uvimba wendalo okhethekileyo we Iindunduma zeMaspalomas. Yiba nobuganga bokwazi zonke ezi zinto zimangalisayo zendalo.