Indiya Inayo yonke into ukusuka kumanxweme amakhulu, ukuya kwizixeko ezintle kunye neendawo ezintle zetempile kunye neendawo ezingcwele zokungakholelwa. Mhlawumbi enye yezona zidumileyo sisixhobo se Iitempile zaseKhajuraho, Ukuqhankqalaza ngenxa yabo imifanekiso yesondo kwakhona.
Ngaba ukhe weva ngezi tempile zamaNdiya? Mhlawumbi ewe, mhlawumbi akunjalo, kodwa ukuba uya eIndiya kwaye uceba ukuchitha ixesha elifanelekileyo uhamba kwaye uyikhenketha, ukubazi ke ngumbono omkhulu kwaye kunjalo, amava angalibalekiyo.
Iitempile ezingaqhelekanga zeKhauraura
I-India lilizwe elinenkolo kakhulu kwaye kuya kuba nzima ukukhetha ukuba zeziphi iitempile kunye neetempile zokundwendwela, ke kuya kufuneka uhlale phantsi, ufunde, ujonge imifanekiso, imephu elungileyo yelizwe emva koko uthathe isigqibo. Ezi tempile ngokukodwa zi kwimeko yaseMadhya Pradesh, embindini wesizwe samaIndiya, isihlanu sinabemi abaninzi kwaye sesibini ngobukhulu ngasemva kwelizwe laseRajasthan.
Eli lizwe lineziza ezintathu ezithi UNESCO baye babalaselisa njenge Ilifa leMveli kwaye enye yazo ziitempile zaseKhajuraho ezikule dolophu inelo gama. Bakhuselwe yi-UNESCO ukusukela ngo-1986 kwaye zakhiwa phakathi konyaka we-950 ukuya ku-1050 ngaphakathi ububanzi indawo ebiyelweyo.
Esi sithuba singqongwe ziindonga ineengcango zokungena ezisibhozo ucango ngalunye lujikelezwe yimithi yesundu emibini. Siyazi namhlanje ukuba zonke iitempile zamaHindu zazisindisiwe ekutshatyalalisweni ngamaMongol njengoko bekude neGanges, siyayixabisa loo nto.
Kukwaziwa kananjalo ukuba utyani e-India luyaqhekeka kwaye ukuba umntu akalugcini ngaphandle ulugqitha ngaphezulu, yiyo loo nto kanye eyenzekileyo umzuzu iitempile zishiyiwe. Ihlathi labaginya ngenxa yoko baphinde bafunyanwa ukuqala ngo-1838 lilungu lomkhosi wase-Bhritane owayelithimba ilizwe ngelo xesha. Ndiyakucinga ukuba laa ndoda ingumNgesi, eyayingummi woBukhosi baseBritane base-Bhritane, inokuba yayicinga ntoni xa ibona imiboniso yesini!
Iitempile zeKhauraura zibekwe malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-50 ukusuka kwisixeko saseChhatarpur. Zakhiwa ngabalawuli bolawulo luka Chandela kwaye benza a Ubunzima bokuqala beetempile ezingama-85 zamaHindu nezamaJain, nangona namhlanje zingama-25 kuphela izakhiwo eziseleyo. Kwaye kufuneka kuthiwe, ayisiyiyo yonke imihombiso erotic, Ezi zimele kuphela iipesenti ezili-10 zemifanekiso eqingqiweyo.
Abembi bezinto zakudala bacinga ukuba iitempile azange zakhiwe ngumlawuli omnye kodwa zenziwe zambalwa, kwaye ngesinye isikhathi isithethe senziwa ukuba nganye yakhelwe okanye yongeze itempile enye ngexesha lolawulo lwakhe. Oko kwaqhubeka de kwawa ubukhosi bakwa Chandela ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, uhlaselo lwangaphandle kunye nokushiya indawo ngabantu. Ihlathi lagubungela yonke into phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX de injineli yesiNgesi u-TS Burt yazifumana.
Ndwendwela iKhauraura
Indlela ekhawulezayo yile hamba ngenqwelomoya kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya iKhajuraho, kwiikhilomitha ezintlanu nje ukusuka kwiitempile. Nawe unokwenjenjalo Hamba ngololiwe, isikhululo sikwiikhilomitha ezi-5 kwaye kukho unxibelelwano eDelhi naseBhopal nakwezinye izixeko. Kwilizwe kukho nezinye izitishi zikaloliwe, malunga ne-130 ukuya kwi-200 yeekhilomitha ngeenxa zonke. Jhansi, Katni okanye Satna, umzekelo.
Ngawaphi amabali asemva kweetempile ezithandanayo zaseKhajuraho? Kulungile amabali amaninzi. Omnye wabo uthi kwakukhe kwakho umfazi omhle, oneenwele ezimnyama owayehlamba ebusuku xa wayelukuhlwa yiNyanga ngokwakhe. Wabaleka ehlathini efuna indawo yokusabela nalapho wayenaye kwaye wakhulisa unyana wakhe ngethemba lokuba ngenye imini le ndoda iyakuba ngumlawuli wobukumkani. UChandravarman, ke le nkwenkwe yabizwa njalo, wakhula kwaye ekugqibeleni waseka ubukhosi bukaChandala.
Eli bali likwaxelela ukuba lo kumkani, ephenjelelwe libali likanina, waqala ukuhombisa iitempile ezichaza inkanuko yabantu. Ngaba likho elinye ibali? Ewe, inkolelo iyajikeleza ukuba le mizobo yamatye ilula iisimboli zenhlanhla okanye ukumelwa kwezidalwa zasentsomini. Elinye ibali lithi iitempile ziluhlobo oluthile imfundo ngesondo, yokuphakanyiswa kwenkanuko ngaphambi kwempembelelo ye-Buddhist asceticism.
Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo erotic ikwiindonga zangaphandle kuphela, hayi ngaphakathi kwetempile. Babizwa ngokuba yimithunas kwaye kukho izikhokelo ezihlala zisithi zingaphandle kuba ngumbuzo wokuvumela iminqweno nenkanuko ngaphandle kokungena. Ezinye izikhokelo zithi ziyinkcazo yehlelo le-tantric kunye neenkolelo zalo. Umzekelo, iTempile yaseChausath Yogini yeyona indala eKhajuraho enezithixokazi ezingama-64 kunye nokuba iimithunas zizafobe zobomi, zomanyano phakathi kukaShiva noShakthi.
Njengoko besesitshilo apha ngasentla, bekukho iitempile ezingama-85 ezazakhiwe ngukumkani wakwaCandela okhohliweyo kodwa phakathi kwazo kukho malunga nama-22 azinikele kubuHindu kunye nobuJain kwaye angajongi kwimiboniso yesondo. Iitempile nemifanekiso yazo eqingqiweyo yahlulwe yangamaqela amathathu amakhulu, lawo asezantsi, empuma nasentshona. Imizobo eqingqiweyo igxile entshona. Kananjalo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintlanu:
Icandelo lokuqala linemifanekiso eqingqiweyo elandela incwadana ye-Shilpashastra kwaye uninzi lunokubonwa kwiJain Museum. Udidi lwesibini yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye ne-niches, abagcini boothixo, uphumelele shivas, gandharvas kunye nokunye. Owesithathu ngu iapsaras, Abafazi abahle abaxakekileyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwaye baqingqiwe ngokweenkcukacha, ngeembonakalo zabantu, ukudanisa, ukupeyinta, neentsana. Kukwakho nezinye izinto zemihla ngemihla okanye imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yelizwe eneemvumi, abadanisi, amajoni, inkundla, izilwanyana zasentsomini kunye notyani obahlukeneyo.
Ewe, ekugqibeleni zikho Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-Khajuraho, mithunas, eneempawu zesondo zendalo kunye nezingaqhelekanga. ngezilwanyana nezinto. Kodwa into esiyithethayo kukuba apha kuninzi kakhulu kunoko kwaye ukuba uthatha inkathazo yokuya kubona iitempile kufuneka ubonakalise yonke into. Uhambo oluhle!